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1282. Adipocyte-derived hormones in heroin addicts: the influence of methadone maintenance treatment
- Creator:
- Housová, J., Wilczek, H., Haluzík, M.M., Křemen, J., Křížová, J., and Haluzík, M.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Heroin, Methadone, Addiction, Resistin, Adiponectin, and Leptin
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Heroin addiction markedly affects the nutritional and metabolic status and frequently leads to malnutrition. The aim of our study was to compare circulating concentration of adipose tissue-derived hormones leptin, adiponectin and resistin in 12 patients with heroin addiction before and after one-year methadone maintenance treatment with the group of 20 age- and body mass index-matched healthy subjects. Basal serum leptin and adiponectin levels in heroin addicts were significantly decreased (3.4± 0.4 vs. 4.5±0.6 ng/ml and 18.9±3.3 vs. 33.9±3.1 ng/μl, respectively; p<0.05) while serum resistin concentrations were increased compared to healthy subjects (10.1±1.2 vs. 4.6±0.3 ng/ml; p<0.05). Moreover, positive correlation of serum leptin levels with body mass index was lost in the addicts in contrast to control group. One year of methadone maintenance treatment normalized serum leptin, but not serum adiponectin and resistin concentrations. In conclusion, circulating concentrations of leptin, adiponectin and resistin are markedly altered in patients with chronic heroin addiction. These alterations appear to be relatively independent of nutritional status and insulin sensitivity.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1283. Adipocytokines and Cancer
- Creator:
- Housa, D., Housová, J., Vernerová, Z., and Haluzík, M.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Obesity, Adipocytokine, leptin, Adiponectin, Cancer, and Adipose tissue
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Adipose tissue-produced hormones significantly affect the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates as well as numerous other processes in human body. It is generally accepted that endocrine dysfunction of adipose tissue may represent one of the causal links between obesity and insulin resistance/diabetes. Epidemiological studies underlined that obesity represents a significant risk factor for the development of cancer, although the exact mechanism of this relationship remains to be determined. Multiple recent studies have indicated that some of adipose tissue-derived hormones may significantly influence the growth and proliferation of tumorous stroma and malignant cells within. Here we review current knowledge about possible relationship of leptin and adiponectin to the etiopathogenesis of different malignant tumors. Most of the studies indicated that while leptin may potentiate the growth of cancer cells in vitro, adiponectin appears to have an opposite effect. Further studies are necessary to decide whether obesity-induced endocrine dysfunction of adipose tissue can directly influence carcinogenesis in different tissues and organs.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1284. Adiponectin and Its Role in the Obesity-Induced Insulin Resistance and Related Complications
- Creator:
- Haluzík, M., Pařízková, J., and Haluzík, M.M.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- dipose tissue, Adiponectin, Leptin, Insulin resistance, Atherosclerosis, and Obesity
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- It is now generally accepted that adipose tissue acts as an endocrine organ producing a number of substances with an important role in the regulation of food intake, energy expenditure and a series of metabolic processes. Adiponectin is a recently discovered protein produced exclusively by adipocytes. A number of studies have shown that obesity, insulin resistance and atherosclerosis are accompanied by decreased adiponectin levels and that adiponectin replacement under experimental settings is able to diminish both insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about the physiology and pathophysiology of adiponectin and to discuss its potential in the treatment of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1285. Adiponectin and resistin gene polymorphisms in patients with anorexia nervosa and obesity and its influence on metabolic phenotype
- Creator:
- Jarmila Křížová, Markéta Dolinková, Zdeňka Lacinová, Štěpán Sulek, Radka Doležalová, Jitka Housová, Jana Krajíčková, Denisa Haluzíková, Lenka Bošanská, Hana Papežová, and Martin Haluzík
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Patologie. Klinická medicína, fyziologie člověka, polymorfismus, obezita, mentální anorexie, human physiology, polymorphism, obesity, anorexia nervosa, adiponectin, resistin, 14, and 616
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Genes for adiponectin and resistin are candidate genes of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) 45T>G and 276G>T of the adiponectin gene and 62G>A and -180C>G of the resistin gene in patients with obesity (OB), anorexia nervosa (AN) and in control healthy normal-weight women (NW) and to study the influence of particular genotypes on serum concentrations of these hormones and on insulin sensitivity. Serum adiponectin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), insulin, cholesterol, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and blood glucose levels were measured in 77 patients with OB, 28 with AN and 38 NW. DNA analysis was carried out by polymerase chain reaction with restriction analysis of PCR product. The presence of SNP ADP+276 G>T allele was accompanied by higher cholesterol levels in AN patients, higher adiponectin concentrations in OB patients and lower HbA1c levels in NW. SNP of the resistin gene 62G>A was associated with lower HbA1c in NW and higher cholesterol concentrations in OB group. The carriers of the minor G allele in the position -180 of the resistin gene within AN group had significantly higher BMI relative to non-carriers. We conclude that polymorphisms in adiponectin and resistin genes can contribute to metabolic phenotype of patients with obesity and anorexia nervosa., J. Křížová, M. Dolinková, Z. Lacinová, Š. Sulek, R. Doležalová, J. Housová, J. Krajíčková, D. Haluzíková, L. Bošanská, H. Papežová, M. Haluzík., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1286. Adiponectin as a potential marker of prostate cancer progression: studies in organ-confined and locally advanced prostate cancer
- Creator:
- Daniel Housa, Zdenka Vernerová, Jiří Heráček, Bohumír Procházka, Petr Čechák, Jitka Kuncová, and Martin Haluzík
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika, lékařská biochemie, rakovina prostaty, imunohistochemie, medical biochemistry, prostate cancer, immunohistochemistry, adiponektin, adiponectin, 2, and 577
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Serum levels of adiponectin were measured in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer of pT2 and pT3 stage. Adiponectin ELISA assay, immunohistochemistry, and selected metabolic and biochemical parameters measurement was performed in 25 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and 43 with prostate cancer (17 patients with organ-confined and 26 patients with locally advanced disease). Serum adiponectin levels did not differ between prostate benign hyperplasia and cancer clinical stage T2, but was significantly higher in pT3 relative to pT2 group (14.51± 4.92 vs. 21.41±8. 12, P = 0.003). Tissue immunohistochemistry showed enhanced staining in neoplastic prostate glands and intraepithelial neoplasia relative to benign prostatic hyperplasia without distinction between disease grade and stage. Serum adiponectin levels are higher in locally advanced relative to organ-confined prostate cancer and may thus serve as an auxiliary marker providing further improvement for discrimination between pT2 and pT3 stages., D. Housa, Z. Vernerová, J. Heráček, B. Procházka, P. Čechák, J. Kuncová, M. Haluzík., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1287. Adiponectin inhibits hyperlipidemia-induced platelet aggregation via attenuating oxidative/nitrative stress
- Creator:
- Wang, W.-Q., Zhang, H.-F., Gao, G.-X., Bai, Q.-X., Li, R., and Wang, X.-M.
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, hyperlipidémie, oxidační stres, hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress, adiponectin, platelet, aggregation, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Adiponectin acts as an endogenous antithrombotic factor. However, the mechanisms underlying the inhibition of platelet aggregation by adiponectin still remain elusive. The present study was designed to test whether adiponectin inhibits platelet aggregation by attenuation of oxidative/nitrative stress. Adult rats were fed a regular or high-fat diet for 14 weeks. The platelet was immediately separated and stimulated with recombinant full-length adiponectin (rAPN) or not. The platelet aggregation, nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide production, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)/inducible NOS (iNOS) expression, and antioxidant capacity were determined. Treatment with rAPN inhibited hyperlipidemia- induced platelet aggregation (P<0.05). Interestingly, total NO, a crucial molecule depressing platelet aggregation and thrombus formation , was significantly reduced, rather than increased in rAPN-treated platelets. Treatment with rAPN markedly decreased superoxide production (-62 %, P<0.05) and enhanced antioxidant capacity (+38 %, P<0.05) in hyperlipidemic platelets. Hyperlipidemia-induced reduced eNOS phosphorylation and increased iNOS expression were significantly reversed following rAPN treatment (P<0.05, P<0.01, respectively). Taken together, these data suggest that adiponectin is an adipokine that suppresses platelet aggregation by enhancing eNOS activation and attenuating oxidative/nitrative stress including blocking iNOS expression and superoxide production., W.-Q. Wang ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1288. Adiponectin inhibits spontaneous and catecholamine-induced lipolysis in human adipocytes of non-obese subjects through AMPK-dependent mechanisms
- Creator:
- Wedellová, Z., Dietrich, J., Šiklová-Vítková, M., Kološtová, K., Michaela Kováčiková, Markéta Dušková, Jan Brož, Tomáš Vedral, Vladimír Štich, and Jan Polák
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, obezita, obesity, adiponectin, lipolysis, adipose tissue, AMPK, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Adiponectin is an adipokine increasing glucose and fatty acid metabolism and improving insulin sensitivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of adiponectin in the regulation of adipocyte lipolysis. Human adipocytes isolated from biopsies obtained during surgical operations from 16 non-obese and 17 obese subjects were incubated with 1) human adiponectin (20 μg/ml) or 2) 0.5 mM AICAR - activator of AMPK (adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase). Following these incubations, isoprenaline was added (10-6 M) to investigate the influence of adiponectin and AICAR on catecholamine-induced lipolysis. Glycerol concentration was measured as lipolysis marker. We observed that adiponectin suppressed spontaneous lipolysis by 21 % and isoprenaline-induced lipolysis by 14 % in non-obese subjects. These effects were not detectable in obese individuals, but statistically significant differences in the effect of adiponectin between ob ese and non-obese were not revealed by two way ANOVA test. The inhibitory effect of AICAR and adiponectin on lipolysis was reversed by Compound C. Our results suggest, that adiponectin in physiological concentrations inhibits spontaneous as well as catecholamine-induced lipolysis. This effect might be lower in obese individuals and this regulation seems to involve AMPK., Z. Wedellová ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1289. Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived protein
- Creator:
- Nedvídková, J., Smitka, K., Kopský, V., and Hainer, V.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Adiponectin, Adipose tissue, Energy metabolism, and Animal and human studies
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Adipose tissue is a hormonally active tissue, producing adipocytokines which may influence activity of other tissues. Adiponectin, abundantly present in the plasma increases insulin sensitivity by stimulating fatty acid oxidation, decreases plasma triglycerides and improves glucose metabolism. Adiponectin levels are inversely related to the degree of adiposity. Anorexia nervosa and type 1 diabetes are associated with increased plasma adiponectin levels and higher insulin sensitivity. Decreased plasma adiponectin levels were reported in insulin-resistant states, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes and in patients with coronary artery disease.Activity of adiponectin is associated with leptin, resistin and with steroid and thyroid hormones, glucocorticoids, NO and others. Adiponectin suppresses expression of extracellular matrix adhesive proteins in endothelial cells and atherosclerosis potentiating cytokines. Anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of adiponectin and the ability to stimulate insulin sensitivity have made adiponectin an important object for physiological and pathophysiological studies with the aim of potential therapeutic applications.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1290. Adipose tissue macrophages and atherogenesis - a synergy with cholesterolaemia
- Creator:
- Poledne, Rudolf and Králová Lesná, Ivana
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- inflammation, adipose tissue macrophages, plasma membrane, cholesterol, and ω3 fatty acids
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Excessive LDL cholesterol concentration together with subclinical inflammation, in which macrophages play a central role, are linked pathologies. The process starts with the accumulation of macrophages in white adipose tissue and the switch of their polarization toward a pro-inflammatory phenotype. The proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages in adipose tissue is related to the main risk predictors of cardiovascular disease. The cholesterol content of phospholipids of cell membranes seems to possess a crucial role in the regulation of membrane signal transduction and macrophage polarization. Also, different fatty acids of membrane phospholipids influence phenotypes of adipose tissue macrophages with saturated fatty acids stimulating pro-inflammatory whereas ω3 fatty acids antiinflammatory changes. The inflammatory status of white adipose tissue, therefore, reflects not only adipose tissue volume but also adipose tissue macrophages feature. The beneficial dietary change leading to an atherogenic lipoprotein decrease may therefore synergically reduce adipose tissue driven inflammation.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public