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31062. Terror, failure, resistance: confl icting memory of armed acts of anti-communist resistance in Czechoslovakia
- Creator:
- Devátá, Markéta and Faltinova, Lucia
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- historiography, communist politicians, and iron curtain,
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This article is concerned with the memory and commemoration of acts of armed force which were committed as part of the civilian resistance to the Communist régime in its ‘founding period’ after February 1948. It focuses on how memory is constituted around this minority form of anti-Communist resistance, particularly by means of memorial sites in the process of their formation in the period before the Changes that began in mid-November 1989 and also afterwards. In the fi rst part of the article, the author looks at armed confl icts at the edge of the Iron Curtain, that is, on the western borders of Communist Czechoslovakia. She seeks to demonstrate that the way of looking at border crossings by people fl eeing to the West is still considerably infl uenced by the memory and commemorative activities of veterans of the former border guards, amongst whom dominates the image of these refugees as internal enemies of the State. The second part of the article isdevoted to instances of so-called ''political murder'', that is, acts of violence against Communist politicians, which are connected particularly with villages. Most of these stories are gradually being forgotten; society does not want to recall them. An exception, however, is the memory of the sad events in the village of Babice, in the Bohemian-Moravian uplands, in 1951, which has repeatedly been used by politicians. In the third part of the article, the author considers the social discourse about the ethical dimension of armed anti-Communist resistance, which is almost exclusively focused on the atypical case of the group led by the Mašín brothers, and the process of forming the memory of the three resistances (the fi rst, against Austria-Hungary during the Great War; the second, against the German occupying forces during the Second World War; and the third, against the Communist régime during the Cold War). She describes the commemorative activities of the Confederation of Political Prisoners as part of the strategy to bolster the social standing of the third, anti-Communist resistance, and she points to certain analogies between the unchallenged memories of political prisoners and the memories of the former border guards in contemporary historiography. and Překlad: Lucia Faltinova
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31063. Tert-butyl hydroperoxide selectively inhibits mitochondrial respiratory-chain enzymes in isolated rat hepatocytes
- Creator:
- Drahota, Z., Křiváková, P., Červinková, Z., Kmoníčková, E., Lotková, H., Kučera, O., and Houštěk, J.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Hepatocytes, Mitochondrial enzymes, and tert-butyl hydroperoxide
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Sensitivity of various mitochondrial enzymes to oxidative damage was tested on isolated rat liver hepatocytes permeabilized by digitonin. In permeabilized hepatocytes normal respiratory control values were obtained and mitochondrial membranes remained intact. Respiratory rate s of NADH-dependent (glutamate+malate, palmitylcarnitine + malate) and flavoprotein-dependent (succinate) substrates were determined in hepatocytes exposed for 5 min to 0.5-3 mM tert -butyl hydroperoxide before addition of digitonin. Our data showed that oxidation of NADH-dependent substrates is much more sensitive to oxidative stress than ox idation of flavoprotein-dependent ones, evidently due to the modification of iron-sulfur clusters or SH groups in the NADH dehydrogenase enzyme complex (Complex I).
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31064. Tesařík alpský a jeho výskyt v ČR
- Creator:
- Drag, Lukáš
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, tesaříkovití, chráněné druhy živočichů, Česko, 2, and 59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The Alpine Longicorn (Rosalia alpina) is an endangered and strictly protected icon of saproxylic biodiversity. Here we present an overview of its distribution in the Czech Republic, its host plants, and habitat requirements. We also comment upon the forestry and conservation management of its last inhabited sites. and Lukáš Drag a kol.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31065. Těšínsko. 2. díl. Obydlí. Oděv.
- Creator:
- Procházka, Lubomír and Štěpánová, Irena
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31066. Těšíte se na nové druhy? Jistě přijdou, ale chce to trpělivost...: Evoluční paradox čtvrtohor
- Creator:
- Pokorný, Petr
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Looking forward new species? Patience, please... Global environmental changes that swept the Earth over Quaternary period have no analogues in the last 250 millions of years. These have caused enormous and repeated changes in life histories of many species. Theoretical models speak about enhanced evolutionary rate in this period due to allopatric speciation and genetic drift. Nevertheless, comparison of speciation frequencies over entire geological history (based on "moleculary clock" and fossil data) shows different pattern. Ther is no extraordinary evolutionary radiation during Quaternary observable. The solution of this dilemma probably resides in temporal scaling: Quaternary changes last too short to promote observable evolutionary changes in the level of species and above. Timing is everything in this story.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31067. Těsnopis emocí
- Creator:
- Honzák, Radkin
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31068. TESSAR - Historický triumf v oblasti fotografické techniky
- Creator:
- Pokorný, Petr
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Tessar, objective, historical review, objektiv, and historický vývoj
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The paper presents a historical review of development of the Tessar objective, probably the most known photographic objective, which is widespread in the photographic and reproduction world. Nowdays it is still manufactured in many companies, especially as a standard photographic objective for both professional and amateur devices, and as an objective for enlargers as well. and Práce ukazuje vývoj objektivu TESSAR, pravděpodobně nejznámějšího fotografického objektivu, který dosáhl nebývalého rozšíření ve fotografické a reprodukční technice. Do dnešní doby se stále vyrábí různými firmami, a to zejména jako standardní fotografický objektiv pro profesionální i amatérské fotopřístroje a jako objektiv pro zvětšovací přístroje.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31069. Test čtyř živlů a jeho vztahy k vybraným testům osobnosti
- Creator:
- Abramčuk, Filip
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- čtyři živly, metafora osobnosti, konceptuální metafora, experiencialismus, osobnostní dimenze, test Four Elements, four elements, metaphor of personality, conceptual metaphor, experientialism, and personality dimensions
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Studie se zabývá vztahy mezi testem osobnosti Four Elements (FE) zaloţeným na čtyřech ţivlech jako metafoře osobnosti a některými dalšími testy osobnosti, k jejichţ koncepcím a dimenzím bývají či mohou být ţivly teoreticky vztahovány (MBTI, EPQ-R, NEO-FFI). Baterie testů byla pouţita na souboru 56 respondentů. Byly zjištěny signifikantní vztahy ţivlu ohně k dimenzi extraverze, vzduchu k extraverzi a k vnímajícímu typu, vody k introverzi, cítění a neuroticismu, země k posuzujícímu typu, smyslovému vnímání a svědomitosti. Rozdíly mezi pohlavími ukázaly v některých vztazích na výraznější polarizaci směrem k vyšší korelaci ţivlů s některými dimenzemi osobnosti. Výsledky částečně podporují některé teoretické závěry o významech ţivlů a jejich vazbách k některým dimenzím osobnosti a přispívají tak ke konstruktové validitě testu FE. and The study deals with the relationships between the personality test Four Elements (FE), based on the four elements as a metaphor of personality, and some other personality tests, to whose concepts and dimensions are or could be the elements theoretically related to (MBTI, EPQ-R, NEO-FFI). The battery of tests was used with 56 respondents. Significant relationships were identified between the element of fire to the dimension of extraversion, air to extraversion and sentient type, water to introversion, feeling and neuroticism, earth to judging type, sensing and conscientiousness. Differences between the sexes showed in some relationships stronger polarization towards a higher correlation of four elements with some dimensions of personality. The results partially support some of the theoretical conclusions on the meanings of the elements and their relations to some dimensions of personality and thus they contribute to the construct validity of the FE test.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31070. Test facility design for experimental studies of parametrically excited vibrations
- Creator:
- Ecker, Horst
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- parametric excitation, axially loaded beam, and electromechanical and piezoelectric actuator
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Mechanical systems with parametric excitation have been investigated more frequently during the last years. New findings on the system behavior when excited at a parametric combination resonance frequency have triggered this increasing interest in such systems. Almost all studies, however, have been carried out analytically or numerically, so that there is a need for experimental work to prove the theoretical results. Partly the reason for this lack of experimental studies is found in several design problems that one faces when this task is tackled. In this contribution, a review of test facilities known from the literature is presented. Typical solutions suitable for experimental work and recent developments are discussed. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public