The article focuses on the relationship between marital status and life satisfaction in the countries of Europe. The first part of the article discusses subjective evaluations of life satisfaction and the theoretical concepts that explain differences in the levels of life satisfaction according to marital status. The second part of the article is devoted to empirical analyses of data from the European Social Survey (ESS), the results of which indicate that in the countries studied married people tend to be more satisfied with life than others, even though the strength of this effect varies. The differences in the effect of marriage cannot be ascribed to a given society's divorce rate. In some countries the life satisfaction of the cohabiting population is almost as high as for married people, while in other countries it is closer to the level of life satisfaction observed among single people, and in other countries the level of satisfaction of the cohabitating individuals lies midway between married and single people.
Celkové počty bakterií v půdách pohoří Ladak (Indie) nejsou ovlivněny polštářovitou rostlinou Thylacospermum caespitosum (čeledˇ hvozdíkovité, patří k tzv. ekosystémovým inženýrům) ani nadmořskou výškou (4 600 – 5 900 m n.m.), ale tyto dva faktory ovlivňují složení mikrobiálního společenstva. Získaná data rozšířila znalosti o r/K strategii heterotrofních bakterií půd v alpínském a subniválním pásu Himálaje, kde doposud nebyla provedena na toto téma žádná studie. and The total number of bacteria in soils of the Ladakh Mountains (India) are not affected by the cushion plant Thylacospermum caespitosum (family Caryophyllaceae, the ecosystem engineer) and the altitude (4,600–5,900 m a. s. l.), but these two factors affect the composition of microbial communities. The data obtained in this pioneer study extend our knowledge of the r/K-strategy of heterotrophic bacterial species in soils of the Himalayas.
Šídlatky (rod Isoëtes) jsou prastaré plavuně s pozoruhodnými adaptacemi na nedostatek živinových zdrojů ve vlastním prostředí. Jejich unikátní životní strategie je dodnes úspěšná, ne však bezmezně odolná vůči globálním změnám prostředí. Šídlatky tvoří významnou složku vyhraněných vodních i suchozemských ekosystémů a citlivě indikují jejich stav. Detailní znalost anatomie, fyziologie a ekologie těchto živoucích fosilií je klíčem k pochopení fungování a zranitelnosti jejich často rozsáhlých biotopů a zajištění jejich ochrany, případně obnovy., Quillworts (genus Isoëtes) are ancient lycophytes with remarkable adaptations to the sparse nutrient sources in their environment. Their unique life strategy has been successful to these days, but not entirely resistant to the global environmental changes. Quillworts make up an important component in well-defined aquatic and dry-land ecosystems and sensitively indicate their state. A detailed knowledge of the anatomy, physiology and ecology of these living fossils is the key to understanding the operation and vulnerability of their often extensive biotopes and to ensuring their protection or recovery., and Martina Čtvrtlíková.
The article provides information on parental leave taken by fathers in the Czech Republic in comparison with the situation in other European countries. Above all, a concrete assessment based on the experience of families in which men have already taken advantage of parental leave are described; only briefly are mentioned attitudes of Czech parents generally towards parental leave taken by fathers. It introduces life-style of Czech families with fathers using parental leave on the basis of conducted qualitative research. The main stress is put on the actors´ point of view, which is presented in relation with broader social context, especially in the field of gender roles and reconciliation of family and work life. As an example, one case study was presented to point out the trends of new fatherhood and life-style of the families where father is taking parental leave. It has been found that families in which fathers have used parental leave for some period of time appreciate the experience on the whole.