A refined triple-frequency cycle slip detection and repair algorithm for GPS/BDS undifferenced observables under high ionospheric disturbances is proposed. In this method, three linearindependent optimal observables combinations for GPS/BDS are selected. The residual ionospheric delay estimated from a "calculation-prediction mechanism", namely flexibly determine whether to calculate delay by observables themselves or to predict delay by a feedforward neural network (FNN), is used to compensate for the detection values. Additionally, we devise an adaptive detection threshold based on actual noise level to detect the cycle slip, and adopt the modified least-square decorrelation adjustment (MLAMBDA) to fix integer cycle slip. The performance of the proposed algorithm was tested with observables at 30 s sampling rate in a 2-day geomagnetic storm period. Results showed that the proposed algorithm can detect and repair all kinds of cycle slips as small as one cycle in the case of high ionospheric disturbances. No false repairs are generated despite the occurrence of very few misjudgments., Nijia Qian, Jingxiang Gao, Zengke Li, Fangchao Li and Chen Pan., and Obsahuje bibliografii
by O. Nordgaard. The protist plankton and the diatoms in bottom samples / by E. Jørgensen., KČSN - signatura S-E 128, Poškozené desky., and Desky skenovány z jiné signatury. S-E 128
Four precise leveling campaigns has been carried out in Poland, and for several years there is a functioning system of permanent GNSS stations determining the height of network points. On the basis of these data, several variants of vertical crustal movements models have been developed (Wyrzykowski, 1987; Kowalczyk, 2005; Kontny and Bogusz, 2012). In order to develop a kinematic model of vertical crustal movements, one of the possibilities is an adjustment of the network formed simultaneously with the leveling data and GNSS stations data. The main problem is a need to identify fiducial points between the datasets. This problem can be solved by creation of coherent database containing attributes of both types of data and automatization of the joint point identification process. The article shows the results of such identification process, depending on the amount of data, on the example of the area of Poland. and Bednarczyk Michal, Kowalczyk Kamil, Kowalczyk Anna.
illustroval Pavel Körber ; historická čásť od Jana V. Krecara and Na obálce: K upomínce na "Hotel Victoria" Jungmannova třída v Praze, Otto Welzer-hotelier