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12. Selective inhibition of NF-κB and surfactant therapy in experimental meconium-induced lung injury
- Creator:
- Kopincova, J., Mikolka, P., Kolomaznik, M., Kosutova, P, Andrea Čalkovská, and Daniela Mokrá
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, záněty, inflammations, meconium-induced lung injury, surfactant treatment, NF-κB, IKK-NBD, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) in newborns is characterized mainly by respiratory failure due to surfactant dysfunction and inflammation. Previous meta-analyses did not prove any effect of exogenous surfactant treatment nor glucocorticoid administration on final outcome of children with MAS despite oxygenation improvement. As we supposed there is the need to intervene in both these fields simultaneously, we evaluated therapeutic effect of combination of exogenous surfactant and selective inhibitor of NF-κB (IKK-NBD peptide). Young New Zealand rabbits were instilled by meconium suspension and treated by surfactant alone or surfactant in combination with IKK-NBD, and oxygen-ventilated for 5 h. PaO2/FiO2, oxygenation index, oxygen saturation and ventilation efficiency index were evaluated every hour; post mortem, total and differential leukocyte counts were investigated in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and inflammatory, oxidative and apoptotic markers were assessed in lung tissue homogenates. Exogenous surfactant combined with IKK-NBD improved oxygenation, reduced neutrophil count in BALF and levels of IL-1β, IL-6, p38 MAPK and caspase 3 in comparison with surfactant-only therapy. It seems that inhibition of inflammation may be strong supporting factor in surfactant treatment of MAS., J. Kopincova, P. Mikolka, M. Kolomaznik, P. Kosutova, A. Calkovska, D. Mokra., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
13. The effect of ectopic fat on graft function after living kidney transplantation
- Creator:
- Thieme, F., Libor Janoušek, Jiří Froněk, Kralova, A., Ivana K. Lesná, and Rudolf Poledne
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, obezita, záněty, obesity, inflammations, living kidney donor, early renal graft function, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- a1_Renal transplantation is associated with a large number of risk factors that can have an influe nce on early renal graft function (ERGF). One of these factors could be the increasing number of obese kidney donors. The mechanisms of reduced ERGF in obese kidney donors are still poorly understood. To that end, w e compared ERGF in recipients with body mass index (BMI), perivascular fat and plasma inflammation markers of live kidney donors. We hypothesi zed that the BMI of donors would negatively correlate with an average increase of glomerular filtration rate (GFR ) and that it would also be associated wi th increased perivascular and plasma inflammation markers in the first seven days after transplantation. Between January 2013 and December 2014, some 58 living kidney transplantation pairs were included in the study. Donor and recipient demographic data, preoperative BMI, blood C -reactive protein (CRP) and adiponectin levels, perivascular adipose tissue (PAT) samples and recipient blood creatinine levels were analy zed. The median CRP of donors was 0.68 mg/l (max: 8.66 mg/l, min: 0.33 mg/l), the median of M1 macrophages (CD14+CD16+) in one gram of PAT was 5940 (max: 41 100, min: 248) and the median of adiponectin was 411 930 pg/ml (max: 14 217 000, min: 167 300) in plasma. We did not find any association between early renal graft function and the percentage o f M1 macrophages in donor perirenal adipose tissue (p=0.83, r=0.03, n=58), adiponectin (p=0.65, r=0.06, n=58) or CRP (p=0.16, r=0.2, n=58) in plasma. The obesity level of donors, expressed as BMI, did not correlate with early renal graft function in the first seven days after transplantation. The associations between ERGF and plasma and perivascular fat inflammation markers were not significant., a2_We confirmed a negative correlation between the BMI of recipients and an average increase of GFR in the first sev en days after transplantation (p<0.02, r= -0.325, N=58). We confirmed a negative correlation of adiponectin plasma concentration to the BMI of donors., F. Thieme, L. Janousek, J. Fronek, A. Kralova, S. Cejkova, I. Kralova Lesna, R. Poledne., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
14. The labile iron pool in monocytes reflects the activity of the atherosclerotic process in men with chronic cardiovascular disease
- Creator:
- Riško, P., Jan Pláteník, Buchal, R., Jana Potočková, and Kraml, P. J.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, záněty, inflammations, iron overload, monocytes, arterial stiffness, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The study investigates the relationship between the labile iron pool (LIP) in circulating monocytes and markers of iron metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and arterial elasticity in patients with chronic cardiovascular disease and in healthy volunteers. The patie nts with a history of CVEs had significantly higher LIP values tha n did the control group (1.94± 0.46 μM vs. 1.62 ±0.49 μM, p=0.02). Except for the leukocyte number (WBCs), the groups did not differ in other inflammatory markers (CRPus, CD 163, MPO, MMP-1). Similarly, there were no differences in the markers of endothelial dysfunction (ICAM, VCAM, E-selectin, vWF). The CVE group had higher pulse pressures, levels of markers of impaired arterial elasticity (AI, Young's modulus, pulsatility, stiffness index), I MT values and ABI values. The LIP concentration was significantly correlated with the transferrin receptor⁄ferritin ratio, hepcidin levels, VFT content and the ABI and ET values. Patients with a history of CVE have significantly higher concentrations of ir on in their intracellular LIP in circulating monocytes than do healthy controls. The independent and significant correlation of LIP with markers of the progression of atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness suggests LIP as a possible novel marker of atheros clerotic activity., P. Riško, J. Pláteník, R. Buchal, J. Potočková, P. J. Kraml., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
15. The role of epicardial adipose tissue in heart disease
- Creator:
- Matloch, Z., Tomáš Kotulák, and Martin Haluzík
- Format:
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, záněty, obezita, diabetes mellitus, inflammations, obesity, epicardial fat, adipokines, type 2 diabetes mellitus, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Recent studies focused on epicardial fat, formerly relatively neglected component of the heart, have elucidated some of its key roles. It possesses several properties that can distinguish it from other adipose tissue depots. Its unique anatomical location in the heart predisposes the epicardial fat to be an important player in the physiological and biochemical regulation o f cardiac homeostasis. Obesity is associated with an increase in epicardial fat mass. Excess of cardiac fat can contribute to greater left ventricular mass and work, diastolic dysfunction and attenuated septal wall thickening. Imbalance in adipokines levels secreted in autocrine or paracrine fashion by epicardial fat can contribute to the activation of the key atherogenic pathways in the setting of metabolic syndrome. Epicardial fat has also been identified as an important source of pro-inflammatory mediato rs worsening endothelial dysfunction, eventually leading to coronary artery disease. Increased production of pro-inflammatory factors by epicardial fat can also contribute to systemic insulin resistance in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Here we revie w the most important roles of epicardial fat with respect to heart disease in the context of other underlying pathologies such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus., Z. Matloch, T. Kotulák, M. Haluzík., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public