Number of results to display per page
Search Results
42. Istoty a skeptický problém
- Creator:
- Koreň, Ladislav
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Filozofie, filozofie, philosophy, certainty, knowledge, scepticism, Wittgenstein, 5, and 101
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The aim of the article is to develop the dialectics and potential of a specific philosophical approach to the problem of epistemological scepticism: Wittgenstein’s ideas about the function of fundamental certainties in our epistemic practices. I begin with an excursion into the problematic of sceptical arguments and explain G. E. Moore’s anti-sceptical strategy, which influenced Wittgenstein’s thoughts in On Certainty. I then offer a reconstruction of the Wittgensteinian approach that I favour. On this basis I argue that although there is a grain of truth in scepticism, the idea of an indefinitely-iterated doubt and request for reasons (driving the Pyrrhonian-style of scepticism), as well as the idea of a hyperbolic doubt (driving Cartesian-style scepticism), are philosophical illusions from the perspective of the rules and standards of our epistemic operating - the would-be sceptic offers us no compelling alternative., Ladislav Koreň., and Obsahuje poznámky a bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
43. Jak dospět k fikčním světům
- Creator:
- Lubomír Doležel
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Filozofie, filozofie, philosophy, 5, and 101
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Tázání po podstatě fikce a fikčnosti literatury patří k základním otázkám literární teorie a v konečném důsledku souvisí se zkoumáním samotné identity (fikční) literatury. Možných odpovědí na tyto a podobné otázky existuje vícero. Předkládaná studie mapuje konkrétní postup, jistou posloupnost voleb, které je nutné uskutečnit, aby nás dovedly k jedné specifické možnosti takové fikční teorie. Jednotlivé dichotomicky spárované návrhy, mezi nimiž je voleno, pocházejí z nejrůznějších oblastí teoretického bádání (filozofie, logika, sémiotika aj.) a představují konkrétní možnosti ideových a metodologických přístupů na cestě ke konzistentní teorii fikce. Takovou konzistentní teorii fikce splňuje jedinečná teorie fikčních světů, jejíž výsledný tvar získáváme poté, co jsme prošli množinou všech proponovaných voleb., The quest for the basis of fiction and fictional literature belongs to the fundamental questions of literary theory and, ultimately, is connected to the inquiry into the very identity of (fictional) literature. There are multiple possible answers to these and similar questions. This study maps a concrete approach – a certain series of choices which it is necessary to make in order to arrive at one specific possibility of such fictional literature. A particular dichotomous linking of suggestions between which to choose originates from the most various areas of theoretical study (philosophy, logic, semiotics and so on) and presents concrete possibilities of conceptual and methodological approaches on the way to a consistent theory of fiction. One such consistent theory of fiction is the unique theory of fictional worlds whose ultimate form we gain after we have gone through the set of all proposed choices., and Lubomír Doležel.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
44. Jak oživit „zamrzlou” evoluční ontologii
- Creator:
- Radim Šíp
- Format:
- Type:
- article, diskuse, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Filozofie, ontologie (filozofie), evoluční ontologie, kultura, příroda, Prométheus (mytologická postava), ontology, evolutionary ontology, culture, nature, Prometheus (Greek deity), strong/weak anthropocentrism, epigenetic/structural information, Hegelo-Marxist/Kantian strategies, 5, and 101
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The discussion study takes as its starting point the thinking, which Professor Šmajs and others presented in Filosofický časopis 6, 2013 on evolutionary ontology. The author shows an enduring aspect of evolutionary ontology: ontology as the product of human culture attains to knowledge that has the seeming character of objective truth - it thus expresses the true nature of the ontic order of nature. This is not, however, the usual nonsense of inconsistent philosophy. The author of the text identifies as lying behind the step Kantian and Hegelian strategies which make possible this shift from the order of culture to the order of nature. These strategies are (i) a sign of the grounding of Professor Šmajs´ ideas in early-modern thinking; and (ii) they are the cause of a strongly anthropocentric attitude, which unwittingly influences the system of evolutionary ontology. At the end of the study, the author points to the fact that it would be more appropriate for evolutionary ontology if its proponents were able to give up their early-modern argumentative approach, and thus rid themselves of their strong anthropocentrism. In this way they would be able to avoid the conceptual conflict which makes evolutionary ontology "frozen" from within., Radim Šíp., and Obsahuje poznámky a bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
45. Jan Amos Komenský, pracovník o budoucí dobro člověčenstva
- Creator:
- Jan Václav Novák
- Publisher:
- F. Topič
- Format:
- print, text, regular print, and 99 s. ;
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Filozofie, Biografie, Komenský, Jan Amos, 1592-1670, 16.-17. století, teologové, Česko, filozofové, pedagogové, 2-1-051, 101-051, 37.011.3-051, 929, (437.3), (092), 5, 8, and 101
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Jan Václav Novák
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
46. Jan Amos Komenský: životopisný nástin k třístaleté památce jeho narození
- Creator:
- Ferdinand Menčík
- Publisher:
- F. Šimáček
- Format:
- print, text, regular print, and 47 s. : portréty ; 23 cm
- Type:
- text, volume, festschrift, biography, biografie, jubilejní publikace, model:monograph, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Filozofie, Biografie, Komenský, Jan Amos, 1592-1670, 16.-17. století, filozofové, Česko, teologové, 101-051, 2-1-051, (437.3), (092), (082.2), 929 Komenský, Jan Amos, 5, 8, 101, and 929
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- napsal Ferdinand Menčík
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
47. Jan Ev. Purkyně jako reformátor školství a české pedagogiky
- Creator:
- František Pražák
- Publisher:
- Jan Jiránek
- Format:
- print, text, regular print, and 30 s. ; 18 cm
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Filozofie, Biografie, Purkyně, Jan Evangelista, 1787-1869, 18.-19. století, přírodovědci, Česko, filozofové, názory a postoje, vzdělávací reformy, pedagogika, 5-051, 101-051, 929, 316.64, 37.014.3, 37.01, (437.3), (049), 5, 8, and 101
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- František Pražák
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
48. Jan Hus in Medieval Czech hagiography
- Creator:
- Thomas A. Fudge
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Filozofie, Hus, Jan, asi 1371-1415, hagiografie, středověk, hagiography, middle ages, Česko, Czechia, 5, and 101
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Thomas A. Fudge. and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
49. Jazyk jako obraz: McGinnová a Sellars o Wittgensteinově „Traktátu”
- Creator:
- Stefanie Dach
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Filozofie, Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 1889-1951, Sellars, Wilfrid, 1912-1989, filozofie, pravda, philosophy, truth, linguistic idealism, the picture theory, 5, and 101
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- This study is concerned with interpretation of the Tractatus and the picture theory of the early-Wittgenstein from the perspective of the anti-metaphysical reading of M. McGinn and from the perspective of W. Sellars. I analyse McGinn's interpretation and the difficulties which are caused for her in her attempt to provide a non-minimalistic interpretation of Wittgenstein's picture theory. The interpretation of McGinn is then contrasted with Sellars who, unlike the majority of other interpreters, reads Wittgenstein's picture theory in a radically nominalistic way, and places little emphasis on the overall consistency of the Tractatus. I show that his approach allows one to preserve some interesting insights provided by McGinn, while it also manages to avoid the problems that beset her interpretation. Sellars' reading may therefore better serve McGinn's aims than her own reading, although it demands that we give up some of the key theses of the Tractatus. At the same time it may also lead us to a reevaluation of the relevance of the Tractatus for contemporary philosophical debates., Stefanie Dach., and Obsahuje poznámky a bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
50. Jazyk, písmo a čínská filosofie
- Creator:
- Lukáš Zádrapa
- Format:
- Type:
- article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Filozofie, čínská filozofie, jazyk, písmo, etymologie, stará čínština, Chinese philosophy, eng, language, script, etymology, old Chinese language, Chinese characters, analyses of characters, 5, and 101
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Even those historians of Chinese thought, who are capable of both masterly analyses and great synthetic surveys of pre-modern Chinese philosophy, such an Anne Cheng, author of The history of Chinese thought, mostly remain in the grip of enduring stereotypes about Chinese language and Chinese letters. This is true despite the fact that old Chinese linguistics has progressed in the last 50 years at an unforeseen rate, and practically no experts on that language fail to take these advances seriously. At issue, above all, are the immensely popular analyses of characters, which authors treat as the path to uncovering the etymology of a given concept under research. Emancipation from written characters is, it would seem, a basic precondition for a better understanding of language, including the lexicon of philosophical concepts. This article aims to give a broad acccount of the inadequacy of character-etymology and, in contrast to this method, to describe which direction we should take if we wish to understand the conceptual apparatus of ancient Chinese thinkers., Lukáš Zádrapa., and Obsahuje poznámky a bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public