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42. Durdík a Hostinský: počátky darwinismu v Čechách

Creator:
Stibral, Karel
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
filozofie, philosophy, český darwinismus, estetika, Durdík, Hostinský, Czech Darwinism, aesthetics, 5, and 101
Language:
Czech
Description:
Text se zaměřuje na při jetí a vnímání darwinismu v českých zemích v 19. století, kdy bylo šíření a interpretace Darwinova učení paradoxně spjato s dvěma profesory estetiky z Karlo-Ferdinandovy un verzity v Praze, Josefem Durdíkem a Otakarem Hostinským. Ačkoliv poněkud zjednodušovali teorii přírodního výběru, Darwinovu teorii chápali jako příchod nového paradigmatu (na rozdíl od tehdejších biologů působících v Čechách). Tento text představuje a srovnává interpretaci darwinismu u obou estetiků, zejména jejich stanoviska k teorii přírodního výběru, možnostem aplikace této teorie v estetice a teorii umění, a také jejich vztah k Darwinově výkladu estetických jevů v přírodě. Jako dodatek následuje krátké vyzdvižení Darwinova učení v textech dalších českých estetiků (Tyrš, Klácel, Volek)., The text is focused on the acceptance and perception of Darwinism in 19th-century Bohemia, when the diffusion and interpretation of Darwin’s teachings were paradoxical connected with two professors of aesthetics from Charles-Ferdinand University in Prague, Josef Durdík and Otakar Hostinský. Although they somewhat simplified the theory of natural selection, they understood Darwin’s theory to be the arrival of a new paradigm (in contrast to contemporary biologists working in the Czech lands). This text presents and compares both aestheticians’ interpretations of Darwinism, mainly their stance on the theory of natural selection, the possibilities for applying this theory to aesthetics and art theory, as well as their relationship to Darwin’s interpretation of aesthetic phenomena in nature. As a supplement, a short emphasis on Darwin’s teaching in texts of other Czech aesteticians (Tyrš, Klácel, Vol ek) follows., and Karel Stibral.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

43. Entwicklung der scholastischen Philosophie von Johannes Scotus Erigena bis Abälard

Creator:
Wilhelm Kaulich
Publisher:
Verlag von Friedrich Tempsky
Format:
print and 475 s. : rejstřík.
Type:
text, volume, pojednání, model:monograph, and TEXT
Subject:
Filozofické systémy a hlediska, Tisky (19. století), 9.-12. století, filozofie, scholastika, filozofové, středověká filozofie, středověk, 141.31, 14(091), 101-051, (049), (0.068)094, 5, 12, 14, and 094.5
Language:
German
Description:
Wilhelm Kaulich. and KČSN
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

44. Ethik der Technik als Ausgangspunkt für die Praxis der Technikfolgenbeurteilung

Creator:
Machleidt, Petr
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
filozofie, philosophy, ethics of technology, technology assessment, respon sibility, technological culture, values, sustainable development, 5, and 101
Language:
Czech
Description:
This article concentrates on development of the mutual relations between ethics of technology (taken as a philosophical discipline) and so called technology assessment (as a branch dealing with multi- and transdisciplinary socio-scientific issues). It shows both identical and different signs of the interactions on examples taken from Germany and from the Czech Republic. Discussion on technology in Germany is noted for its strong moral charge - we can find here both enthusiasm for technology as well as very clean cut anti-technology attitudes. As for the Czech environment, there comes to mutual mixing of various attitudes - we can trace here inspiration taken from other countries - for example from France. The original contribution of the Czech way of thinking in the field of philosophy on technology in relation to ethics represents also so called conception of laboretism. Globally said, it appears that disputes over technology have their cause in various ethical attitudes of interested stakeholders. But different conceptions of what is and/or what is not ethical can be and should be analysed by rational means. Various practical objectives of the social technology assessment should not displace ethics in technology as a methodology of discursive management of technology conflicts. Scientific consultancy has to comprise both its descriptive and prescriptive aspects. It gives a new sense to interdisciplinary co-operation among various scientific disciplines and science and technology ethics. and Petr Machleidt.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

45. Evropská občanská společnost a taylorovská inspirace: veřejné sféry a identity v proměnách evropeizace

Creator:
Karel B. Müller
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Filozofie, filozofie, philosophy, Charles Taylor, European civil society, European public sphere, European identity, Europeanisation, active border, 5, and 101
Language:
Czech
Description:
This article examines Taylor’s approach to the conception of civil society and attempts to interpret the relation of this approach to contemporary debates on the forming of European civil society. By way of introduction, Taylor’s interpretation of the medieval socio-political assumptions for the creation of the extra-political public sphere is presented. Next, there is a discussion of Taylor’s interpretational conception of the two most significant traditions of civil society which take their rise from a confrontation with European enlightenment absolutism - the traditions of Locke and Montesquieu. The author attempts to make sense of the way in which Taylor’s approach resonates with the concept of civil society in discussions about the presuppositions and forms of the creation of the European public sphere and trans-national (European) identities as two key forms of European civil society. In conclusion, the concept of the active border is presented as a key matrix of the conceptual constellation of the public sphere, identity and Europeanisation., Karel B. Müller., and Obsahuje poznámky a bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

46. F. A. Hayek a (abstraktní) pravidla

Creator:
Svoboda, Vladimír
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
filozofie, philosophy, Friedrich A. Hayek, abstraktní pravidla, implicitní pravidla, normy, pravidelnosti, abstract rules, implicit rules, norms, regularities, 5, and 101
Language:
Czech
Description:
Článek reflektuje Hayekovy výklady o povaze pravidel. Ukazuje, že jeho pojetí pravidel je extrémně široké a vazba mezi pravidly a pravidelnostmi je nepřijatelně úzká. Následně je nastíněno alternativní - užší - vymezení pojmu pravidla. Nakonec je podrobeno kritice Hayekovo příliš úzké chápání pojmu normativních pravidel a je navrženo jeho širší vymezení., The article reflects on Hayek's expositions concerning the nature of rules. It shows that his conception of rules is extremely wide, and that the bond between rules and regularities is too tight. Subsequently an alternative - narrower - delineation of the concept of rule is proposed. In the last part of the paper Hayek's too narrow a conception of normative rules is subjected to criticism and a broader conception is proposed., and Vladimír Svoboda.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

49. Fenomenologie z příhodného?

Creator:
Martin Ritter
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Filozofie, filozofie, philosophy, Heidegger, phenomenology, ontology, topology, 5, and 101
Language:
Czech
Description:
This review study analyses Martin Nitsche’s monograph devoted to Heidegger’s Contributions to philosophy (Bei­träge zur Philosophie), primarily addressing the question of whether Nitsche succeeds in displaying the phenomenological character of the Contributions. It identifies a key step in Nitsche’s interpretation; that is, Heidegger’s shift from emphasising the specific entity of Dasein to emphasising the distinctive “phenomenological” or “relational field”, which is understood as an “ontological locality”. The study focuses on the question of whether it is possible, subsequent to this shift, to preserve the phenomenological character of (Heidegger’s) thought, and it arrives at a negative conclusion in this regard: Heidegger does not offer a phenomenological description - nay, he presents a conceptual, or perhaps even narrative, structure, in which he lays claim to the possibility of speaking from a principled position of (the experienced) “enowning”., Martin Ritter., and Obsahuje poznámky a bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

50. Fikcionalism novověké filosofie zvláště u Humea a Kanta =: [Fictions of Imagination : Hume and Kant]

Creator:
Ferdinand Pelikán
Publisher:
Fr. Borový
Format:
print and 207 s.
Type:
text, volume, studie, model:monograph, and TEXT
Subject:
Moderní západní filozofie, Home, John, 1722-1808, Kant, Immanuel, 1724-1804, filozofie, novověká filozofie, fikcionalismus, fikce, imaginace, 14(410), 14(430), 159.954.3, 14(100)"15/20", (048.8), 5, and 14(100-15)"15/20"
Language:
Czech
Description:
Ferdinand Pelikán., KČSN, and Na tit. listu je uveden rok vydání 1928
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

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