The article is based on field research of oral history of Zakhchin, one of the Western Mongolian (or Oriat) small ethnic groups living in Khovd aimag, Mongolia. It brings together orally transmitted stories and other oral historical mentions on Mergen tsorj, a famous monk, who lived inb the beginning of the 20th century in the contemporary Uyench sum. The focus of the article is to show, how a historical person has been transformed into a mythological hero in the oral history of Western Mongolians. Narrators are convinced that deeds of Mergen tsorj had positive influence on his region both in time and after his death. The storytelling about important local religious personalities as a part of the local oral history express the relation of the narrators to their birthplace (nutag). As far as these personalities are only rarely registered in archive sources, this small case study emphaises the importance of the authentic oral history in the Mongolian countryside., Ondřej Srba., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
This article seeks to reveal the circumstances of the recent crackdown by Abkhazian and Russian security forces on the members of the Abkhazian jamaat, an alleged subgroup of the Caucasus Emirate. Focusing on the role of infamous Gitsba brothers in the military campaign against the Georgian Army in the early 1990s, their relationship to Shamil Basayev´s Chechen insurgents, and Abkhazia´s increasingly vocal Muslim community, among whom Salafi ideas have gained momentum recently, the article scrutizines the issue of the Abkhazian jamaat within the overal context of the security triangle of Abhkazia, Georgia, and Russia., Emil Souleimanov., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
This study deals with contemporary political situation in Ethiopia under the influence of so-called Arab spring. Its main argument is that we can hardly expect the same scenario to happen in Ethiopia but instead of this, continuation of the rule of EPRDF will be more probable. If there is a chance for a public unrest against the dictatorial régime in Ethiopia, then it would probably arise from general socio-economic frustration and poverty, and not as an inspiration coming from North Africa., Jan Záhořík., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Satirical poetry in generally considered as a one of the most important genres of the classical Arabic literature. Genre of poetry was in the pre-Islamic and early Islamic society highly appreciated and the Arabs used to regard it as the only form of the real literature. Unlike prose which was limited to the folklore and educational literature esteemed the Arabs poetry as a real art expression and the poet hold also very strong position within the traditional Arab society. Arabic satirical poetry is believed to grow up from curses and lampoons declaimed by traditional Arab wizard, kāhins, and due to the fact that faith in the power of word was still very deeply rooted in people ´s minds, Arabic satirical poetry was ascribed a very good reputation. The development of society after the rise of Islam also had a very strong impact upon the function of traditional genres of the Arabic poetry. From its original function of discouraging and threating enemies satirical poetry developed into the means of poet´s subsistence, political propaganda and society entertainment. Arabic satirical poetry became an independent genre of art. This article deals with the origin and the development of Arabic satirical poetry from its emergence in the pre-Islamic period until it reached its peak during the reign of Umayyad dynasty and concentrates both on its literal and social function while special attention is paid to the three most important Umayyad satirical poets - al-Akhtal, al-Farazdaq and Jarīr. Commentary on their lives and works illustrated a selection of translated verses or poems along with an appropriate interpretation in order to show the right meaning and impact of the verses. and Anna Pletichová.
The article deals with the last years of the Mamlūk rule in North Eastern Africa. First, the article handles briefly the all-out war between the Ottoman governor in Egypt, Muhammad ʻAlī, and the Mamlūks and their withdrawal to Dongola. Then follows a description of the contemporary situation in Nubia and Dongola. The main goal of the paper is to depict the fortunes of the short-lived Mamlūki statelet in Dongola which existed during the second decade of the 19th century and ceased to exist due to the expedition of Ismā ʻīl Kāmil Pasha in 1820., Emanuel Beška., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Hezbollah is the fastest growing political party in the Middle East. It developed from a resistance movement into a strong Lebanese political party. The aim of this article to provide brief information on the resistance movement and make overview of the latest literature available regarding the topic of Hezbollah and underline the different angles of viewing this issue., Viera Kočišíková., and Obsahuje seznam literatury