The study deals with the dating and interpretation of the Latin text known under the title Ordo ostendendarum reliquiarum Crumlovii. The text is a detailed instruction of Corpus Christi processions and the subsequent exhibition and veneration of holy relics in the double monastery of the Minorites and the Poor Clares in Český Krumlov. According to the codicological analyses by Michal Dragoun (see Appendix II), the Ordo comes from the end of 1360s. The text is a rare monument also in terms of philology, because it contains the prescribed proclamations and responses of the faithful in both local languages, Czech and German. The study further deals with the displayed relics of the saints and their reliquaries. The hymns and songs in the course of the ceremony were determined by Hana Vlhová-Wörner., František Šmahel; komentáři v přílohách přispěli Michal Dragoun a Hana Vlhová-Wörner., Studie obsahuje 4 přílohy, and Obsahuje literaturu a odkazy pod čarou
Rozsáhlý materiál bráněnek (Stratiomyidae, Diptera) byl studován z různých částí orientální oblasti včetně chráněných území (národních parků a rezervací). V letech 1994–2012 bylo popsáno více než 60 nových druhů a mnoho dalších druhů revidováno na základě typových jedinců uložených v různých světových sbírkách. Probíhal také sběr larev bráněnek a jejich odchov v laboratorních podmínkách. Jejich ústní ústrojí a povrchové struktury byly studovány s ohledem na jejich potravní specializaci., Extensive material of soldier flies (Stratiomyidae) was examined from different parts of the Oriental region including protected areas (Nature Parks and Reserves). During the 1994–2013 period more than 60 oriental species were described and many further species were revised on the basis of type specimens deposited in various world collections. In addition to the study of adults, mainly phytosaprophagous larvae were collected and reared under laboratory conditions. Their mouthparts and surface structures were examined with regard to their food preference., and Rudolf Rozkošný.
Tropical rainforest can be divided into several altitude levels, which vary in light conditions and also in the nature of their flora and fauna. In terms of the occurrence of typical groups of butterflies, we can define these levels by their height range and typical butterfly groups that form mimetic (unilateral and reciprocal) protective complexes there, even though numerous other species also live there which do not belong to these complexes. This issue is described based on the example of lowland tropical forests in South and Central America. and George O. Krizek.
Rhythmic daily changes in the Na,K-ATPase activity have been previously described for rat kidney cortex, showing two peaks: at 0900 h and 2100 h, and two valleys: at 1500 h and 0100 h - 0300 h. The oscillations in Na,K-ATPase activity are produced by an inhibitor, which binds the enzyme and is present in the rat blood plasma at valley times and absent or at very low concentrations at peak times. Since it has been demonstrated that active Na+ extrusion from the cells of several tissues depends not only on the Na,K-ATPase but also on the ouabain-insensitive Na-ATPase, we studied the activity of this latter enzyme of several rat tissues, i.e., kidney cortex, small intestine, liver, heart and red blood cells along the day. None of these tissues showed any variation of their Na-ATPase activity along the day. Preincubation of kidney cortex homogenates obtained at 0900 h, with blood plasma drawn at 0900 h and 1500 h, did not modify the Na-ATPase activity. Our results indicate that the Na-ATPase activity does not oscillate along the day. These results are in agreement with the idea that the Na-ATPase could partially compensate the Na+ transport affected by oscillations of the Na,K-ATPase activity., A. Reyes ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Ovaries of Puto superbus and Ceroputo pilosellae are composed of numerous short telotrophic ovarioles that are arranged around the distal part of the lateral oviduct. An individual ovariole consists of a distal trophic chamber (= tropharium) and proximal vitellarium. The tropharia enclose individual trophocytes (= nurse cells) and early previtellogenic oocytes termed arrested oocytes. A single oocyte develops in each vitellarium. Analysis of serial sections has shown that ovarioles of P. superbus contain from 16 to 51 germ cells (13–43 trophocytes, 2–7 arrested oocytes, 1 developing oocyte) while those of C. pilosellae from only 8 to 10 germ cells (5–7 trophocytes, 0–2 arrested oocytes, 1 developing oocyte). The classification and phylogeny of scale insects are discussed taking into consideration the results of this study., Anna Michalik ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Calmodulin (CaM) is a highly conserved calcium sensor protein associated with chilling tolerance in living organisms. It has four EF-hand domains for binding of four Ca2+, two of them located in the N-terminus, and the other two in the C-terminus. A notothenioid CaM gene fragment (CaMm), which only codes for N-terminus of CaM (with two EF-hand domains), was introduced into Nicotiana benthamiana. Effects of its overexpression on chilling tolerance in plants were explored. During 4◦C or 0◦C chilling treatment, both CaMm and CaM transgenic plants showed higher PSII maximum quantum yield, actual quantum yield, and soluble protein content, lower electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde content than that of the control. The changes in these physiological indices were comparable between the CaMm and CaM transgenic plants during the treatments. These results indicate that the N-terminus of calmodulin is likely the key functional domain involved in the adaptive response to cold stress., T. J. Zhang, L. J. Pan, Q. Huang, L. H. Zhu, N. Yang, C. L. Peng, L. B. Chen., and Obsahuje seznam literatury