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Start Over Subject 316.4/.7 Date Unknown

11. Diverzita sociálních států a genderových vztahů v tzv. nových zemích EU: zkušenost státního socialismu, kontinuita, transformace a srovnání: Klenner, Ch., Leiber, S. (eds.) 2009. Wohlfahrtsstaaten und Geschlechterungleichheit in Mittel‑ und Osteuropa: Kontinuität und postsozialistische Transformation in den EU‑Mitgliedstaaten

Creator:
Zdeněk Sloboda
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
sociální stát, rovné postavení mužů a žen, gender, welfare state, gender equality, 18, and 316.4/.7
Language:
Czech
Description:
[autor recenze] Zdeněk Sloboda.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

13. Ekvivalence a blokové modelování v analýze sociálních sítí

Creator:
Diviák, Tomáš
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Sociální interakce. Sociální komunikace, sociální interakce, shluková analýza, social interaction, cluster analysis, social network analysis, blockmodeling, relational data, 18, and 316.4/.7
Language:
Czech
Description:
The paper presents to Czech social scientists an introductory review of the concept of equivalence and the method of blockmodeling in social network analysis (SNA). After introducing the central concepts of SNA such as node and tie, along with their basic metrics such as centrality and cohesion, I present the concepts of role and position. These are treated by SNA as clusters of nodes with similar ties, something I juxtapose to algorithms to identify cohesive subgroups of nodes. Subsequently, I define and compare the two most frequently applied types of equivalence - structural, which is strict but broadly applicable, and regular, which is more liberal but has limited uses. Structural equivalence builds on a strict definition of similarity of ties, treating as equivalent only such nodes that have the same ties to the same other nodes. Regular equivalence works with looser criteria and better corresponds with both the theoretical and the intuitive notions of role; this, however, is outweighed by the absence of a unique regular-equivalent solution within a network and by the difficulty to process networks with undirected ties. Regular-equivalent nodes are such that have ties to other mutually equivalent nodes. I present examples to demonstrate the differences between both definitions. In the following section, I discuss measurement of similarity between the different nodes’ profiles of ties (e.g., correlation and Euclidean distance) and possible uses of the standard statistical methods of cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling to detect equivalent classes of nodes within networks. After pointing to the weaknesses of these techniques in network data analysis, I present blockmodeling as a method designed specifically to identify roles and positions within networks. Ischematize the blockmodeling procedure and present its basic terms before comparing classic inductive blockmodeling, which is primarily fit for the purposes of exploration and network reduction, with deductive generalized blockmodeling, which is applicable in testing hypotheses about basic structural characteristics of a network. I bring attention to the strengths and weaknesses of both approaches. Relatedly, I present an application of blockmodeling especially for the purposes of simplified network representation, comparing structural patterns across networks, and testing structural theories. In the following section, I demonstrate specific blockmodeling algorithms based on both structural equivalence (CONCOR and Tabu Search optimization) and regular equivalence (REGE and Tabu Search optimization). Then I verify the adequacy of their resulting assignment of positions to nodes using eta coefficient, Q modularity and correlation of the ideal blocked and the empirical adjacency matrices. In the concluding section, I demonstrate the entire blockmodeling procedure on an empirical case of a small network with undirected ties using the UCINET software tool, including interpretation of results. Finally, I reflect the contemporary position of blockmodeling among leading research approaches in SNA, referring to other empirically oriented studies that demonstrate the broad applicability and utility of position analysis., Tomáš Diviák., and Obsahuje použitou literaturu a poznámky
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

15. Gender a rozvoj: co nás rozděluje, co nás spojuje

Creator:
Ondřej Horký
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
gender, chudoba, rozvojová pomoc, poverty, development assistance, 18, and 316.4/.7
Language:
Czech
Description:
While gender has gained serious credit on the international development research and policy agenda, this is not reflected in Czech development studies. Likewise, the situation of women living in the developing world has been tackled by Czech gender studies only occasionally. This lack of attention from both Czech academia and Czech civil society is owing to the slow reconstruction of both interdisciplines during the transition and to the prevailing liberalism of Czech society. Even though links between gender and poverty are reflected in the mainstream discourse of international organizations, the author criticizes their underlying liberal assumptions from the viewpoint of feminist economics without acknowledging the capacity of post-modern feminists to tackle lived poverty. While grassroots women’s movements in the South reveal diverse theoretical backgrounds, in Czech development cooperation gender is only formally reflected in policy and operational documents. The author demonstrates this strong gender blindness through the example of a presumably gender neutral project on agricultural education in Angola. Czech development cooperation has supported only a few gender projects, which were intended especially for at risk women. In conclusion, the author advocates mainstreaming the gender perspective into Czech development cooperation and, by extending the scope of feminist standpoint theory, argues that the development constituency cannot be genuinely pro-poor without paying special attention to women and the gender constituency cannot pretend to defend women’s rights without paying attention to the poor living in the South., Ondřej Horký., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

16. Gender jako analytická kategorie pro porozumění sexuálnímu obtěžování

Creator:
Kateřina Kolářová, Irena Smetáčková, and Petr Pavlík
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
vysokoškolští studenti, vysoké školy, sexuální obtěžování, gender, sociální interakce, college students, universities and colleges, sexual harassment, social interaction, gender motivated harassment, power, 18, and 316.4/.7
Language:
Czech
Description:
In the article, the authors respond to the main arguments that were voiced during discussions of the results of the project ‘Sexual Harassment in Universities: Incidence and Perception’, which the authors’ team carried out in 2008-2009. They do not aim to defend the research itself, but rather to analyse the dominant discourse on sexual harassment in the Czech environment from a gender perspective. This is because they see a refusal to accept gender as a relevant analytical category. They argue for the fundamental role of gender in the conceptualization of sexual harassment and for further refinement of its significance in gender‑informed definitions of sexual harassment. In the authors’ opinion, these definitions do not sufficiently reflect the current state of gender theories. The main argument of the text concerns the relationship between sexual and gender‑motivated harassment. The gender perspective offers an intrinsically coherent conceptualization of sexual harassment, including its causes and options for handling individual cases. In the article, the authors discuss the extent to which the gender order is a precondition for sexual harassment. This view allows them to think also about the less discussed types of sexual harassment (e.g. homophobic harassment) or to consider the ambivalence of some situations in which sexual harassment occurs (i.e. the dynamics of pleasant and unpleasant feelings, women’s initiative, etc.). At the same time, it reveals that power inequalities do not result only from institutional hierarchies between teachers and students, but also from the logic of the existing gender order., Kateřina Kolářová, Irena Smetáčková, Petr Pavlík., Poznámky na str. 83-85 (23), Biografické poznámky o autorech článku na str. 85, Obsahuje bibliografii, and Resumé o klíčová slova anglicky na str. 75
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

18. Genderovanost univerzitního bádání v kontextu Slovenska: Szapuová, M., Kiczková, Z., Zezulková, J. (eds.). Na ceste k rodovej rovnosti: ženy a muži v akademickom prostredí

Creator:
Hana Maříková
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
gender, rovné postavení mužů a žen, akademická povolání, trh práce, rovnost příležitostí, feministická filozofie, gender equality, academic career, labor market, equal opportunity, feminist philosophy, women scientists, vědkyně, 18, and 316.4/.7
Language:
Czech
Description:
[autor recenze] Hana Maříková., Poznámky na s. 95, and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

19. Genderové nerovnosti v odměňování na stejné pracovní pozici: jeden z faktorů sociálního vyloučení žen

Creator:
Alena Křížková, Penner, Andrew M, and Petersen, Trond
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
gender, ženy, sociální vyloučení, diskriminace, trh práce, mzdy, women, social exclusion, discrimination, labor market, wages, 18, and 316.4/.7
Language:
Czech
Description:
Using company-level data from the Czech Republic dating from the years 1998, 2002, and 2004, the article examines whether the introduction of legislative measures aimed at gender equality in connection with the country’s accession to the European Union had significant effects on gender wage gaps. The main conclusion of the analysis is that within-job wage discrimination is a significant factor in the Czech labour market and that there were no substantive changes during the period studied. Women doing the same job in the same company earn about 10 per cent less than men in the Czech Republic. Much of the gender wage gap can be explained by horizontal and vertical gender segregation of the labour market. The lowest gender wage gaps are found in firms and groups of employees that are representative of or have strong ties to the socialist past. The article concludes with speculations about whether motherhood and the double-burden of women, combined with the lack of respect and authority accorded the path dependent legal system, results in legislative changes having little impact on practices in Czech society and in persistence gender wage discrimination., Alena Křížková, Andrew M. Penner, Trond Petersen., 3 tabulky, and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public