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1. A new species of Mymarothecium and new host and geographical records for M. viatorum (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae), parasites of freshwater fishes in Brazil

Creator:
Cohen, Simone Chinicz and Kohn, Anna
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Monogenea, Mymarothecium boegeri, Mymarothecium viatorum, freshwater fishes, Colossoma macropomum, Piaractus brachypomus, Piaractus mesopotamicus, and Brazil
Language:
English
Description:
Mymarothecium boegeri sp. n. (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) is described from the gills of Colossoma macropomum Cuvier (Characidae), collected from the aquaria of the ''Centro de Pesquisas em Aquicultura, Departamento Nacional de Obras Contra as Secas (DNOCS)'', Pentecoste City, State of Ceará, Brazil. Mymarothecium viatorum Boeger, Piasecki et Sobecka, 2002 is reported from the type host, Piaractus brachypomus (Cuvier) (Characidae) and from a new host, P. mesopotamicus (Holmberg) (Characidae), confirming the occurrence of M. viatorum in the Neotropical Region. The new species differs from the congeneric species in the structure of male copulatory complex; it is more closely related to M. viatorum by the presence of a posteromedial projection on ventral bar.
Rights:
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2. Annulotrematoides bryconi sp. n. (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) parasitic on Brycon cephalus (Osteichthyes: Characidae) from Brazil

Creator:
Cuglianna, Ana Maria , Cordeiro, Nelson da Silva, and Luque, José Luis
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Monogenea, Dactylogyridae, Annulotrematoides bryconi, Brycon cephalus, Characiformes, pisciculture, and Brazil
Language:
English
Description:
Annulotrematoides bryconi sp. n. is described and illustrated from specimens collected from gills of characiform fish, Brycon cephalus (Günther, 1869), in pisciculture ponds from Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil. Diagnostic characters of the new species are the tegument of trunk showing annulations, except on the cephalic regiona, and copulatory complex comprising sclerotized male copulatory organ coiled in 11/2 rings. This is the first record of monogeneans parasitic on the gills of B. cephalus.
Rights:
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3. Crenosoma brasiliense sp. n. (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea) parasitic in lesser grison, Galictis cuja (Molina, 1782) (Carnivora, Mustelidae) from Brazil, with a key to species of Crenosoma Molin, 1861

Creator:
Vieira, Fabiano M., Muniz-Pereira, Luís C., de Souza Lima, Sueli, Moraes Neto, Antonio H.A., Gonçalves, Pamela R., and Luque, José L.
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Crenosoma, Galictis, wild carnivores, and Brazil
Language:
English
Description:
This study describes Crenosoma brasiliense (Nematoda, Metastrongyloidea), a new species parasitic in bronchi and bronchioles of Galictis cuja (Molina) (Carnivora, Mustelidae) from Brazil. This species differs from other 11 species of Crenosoma by having a cuticular projection at the distal end of the spicules, forming a prominent blade at the tip of the spicule, a vulval cuticular appendage with a triangular shape and prominent vulval lips. There are no previous records of species of Metastrongyloidea in G. cuja or species of Crenosoma in South America. Therefore, the new species represents the first host record and first geographical record of species of Crenosoma in South America.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

4. Effects of rearing history and geographical origin on reproduction and body size of the predator Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Creator:
Mohaghegh, Jafar, Clercq de, Patrick, and Tirry, Luc
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fecundity, longevity, body size, adaptation, Podisus nigrispinus, Surinam, Brazil, and Heteroptera
Language:
English
Description:
The relationship between body size and reproduction was investigated for two laboratory strains of Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas). A strain originating from Surinam and maintained for about 15 years under laboratory conditions, did not demonstrate any significant relationship between body length and fecundity. A second strain originated from Brazil where it had been reared in the laboratory for several generations but under different conditions of climate, food and housing. In the first generation of the Brazilian strain, a significant positive relationship was found between body length and total number of eggs. Results suggest that colonization might act initially in favour of a positive body size/fecundity relationship. In contrast, females of the fifth and tenth generations, like those of the Surinamese strain, showed no significant relationship between body length and reproduction. Fecundity of the tenth generation of the Brazilian strain, with an average of 317 eggs per female, was significantly greater than that or the first and fifth generation, with 220 and 243 eggs per female, respectively. The strain from Surinam, with 545 eggs per female, had a markedly higher reproductive capacity than any generation of the Brazilian strain. Adult body weights of different generations of the Brazilian strain increased consistently from the first to the tenth generation, indicating an adaptation to the new environment. Females and males of the Surinamese strain lived longer than those of the Brazilian one. Besides differences related to the geographical origin of the strains, greater fecundity and longevity in long-term laboratory strains of P. nigrispinus may reflect selective adaptation to food and climatic conditions in the laboratory environment.
Rights:
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5. Fine structure of erythrocytic stages of a Plasmodium tropiduri-like malaria parasite found in the lizard Kentropyx calcarata (Teiidae) from north Brazil

Creator:
Paperna, Ilan and Lainson, Ralph
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Plasmodium, Kentropyx calcarata, Brazil, merogony, gametocytes, and ultrastructure
Language:
English
Description:
The fine structure is described of the merogonic stages and gametocytes of a Plasmodium tropiduri Aragão et Neiva, 1909-like parasite infecting the teiid lizard Kentropyx calcarata Spix from North Brazil. The trophozoites are bordered by two membranes, and with growth a pellicle is formed by the addition of an inner, thick double layer and fragmented membrane. The same type of inner membrane occurs in the pellicle of the merozoites differentiating from the meronts. Merozoites contained a large electron-dense body, sometimes seen to be embraced by a tubular mitochondrion with a dense matrix. Micro- and macrogametocytes are bounded by a double membrane, closely apposed by the detached wall of the parasitophorous vacuole. Both contain osmiophilic bodies. The microgametocyte contains an electron-dense aggregate, and the macrogametocyte has a large mitochondrion and a complex of tubuli and cisternae. These features are compared with those described in other malarial parasites.
Rights:
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6. Goezia spinulosa (Nematoda: Raphidascarididae), a pathogenic parasite of the arapaima Arapaima gigas (Osteichthyes)

Creator:
Santos, Cláudia Portes and Moravec, František
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
parasitic nematode, Goezia spinulosa, freshwater fish, Arapaima gigas, aquaculture, Amazonia, and Brazil
Language:
English
Description:
The nematode Goezia spinulosa (Diesing, 1839) (Raphidascarididae) is redescribed based on specimens found in the stomach and intestine of the naturally infected arapaima Arapaima gigas (Schinz) from the Mexiana Island, Amazon River Delta, Brazil. Light and electron microscopy examinations revealed some previously unreported or inaccurately described morphological features in the species, such as the position of the excretory pore, phasmids in the male or the number (4) of postanal papillae. The morphology of G. spinulosa is compared with that of other four congeneric species parasitizing freshwater fishes in South America. This nematode seems to be one of the most pathogenic parasites of A. gigas in the Mexiana Island, which are responsible for a high mortality of cultured arapaima fingerlings. Apparently, the source of G. spinulosa infection for arapaima fingerlings cultured in tanks was the infected plankton collected in the localities inhabited by wild arapaimas. Therefore, control measures should include the sterilisation of the plankton before its use as food for fish. A rare infection of Eustrongylides sp. larvae (Dioctophymatidae) in arapaima fingerlings was also found (new host record); the larvae were inside swellings on the body surface.
Rights:
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7. Insects on decomposing carcasses of small rodents in a secondary forest in Southeastern Brazil

Creator:
Moretti, Thiago de Carvalho, Ribeiro, Odair Benedito, Thyssen, Patrícia Jacqueline, and Solis, Daniel Russ
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Forensic arthropodology, carrion decomposition, Diptera, sarcosaprophagous fauna, and Brazil
Language:
English
Description:
The decomposition of small carcasses in the open is frequently neglected although it may provide information of forensic importance. This paper describes an experimental study of arthropod species associated with carcasses of mouse, Mus musculus (Linnaeus, 1758) and rat, Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769) (Rodentia: Muridae). Four carcasses were left inside iron cages in sunlit and shady areas in a secondary forest in Southeastern Brazil twice a season for four seasons (n = 16 carcasses of each rodent). The carcasses were removed when arthropods ceased to visit them. The visiting and colonizing invertebrates were collected daily and identified. Immatures were also collected and reared in a laboratory for identification. We collected 6,514 arthropods (820 adults and 5,694 juvenile forms) belonging to 53 species from the families Sarcophagidae, Calliphoridae, Muscidae, Fanniidae, Syrphidae, Richardiidae, Sepsidae, Micropezidae, Otitidae, Drosophilidae, Phoridae, Dolichopodidae, Anthomyiidae, Asilidae and Lauxaniidae (Diptera), Formicidae, Ichneumonidae, Encyrtidae and Apidae (Hymenoptera), Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) and Gonyleptidae (Opiliones). Lucilia eximia (Wiedemann, 1819) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and Peckia (Pattonella) intermutans (Walker, 1861) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) deserve special attention because both adult and immature forms were collected in all seasons and in both areas. Our results indicate that the frequency of occurrence of these arthropods was positively associated with carcass size (mouse or rat); no marked insect succession on the carcasses occurred; and the diversity of Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae was high, irrespective of season.
Rights:
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8. Karyotypes of Brazilian squirrels

Creator:
Lima, J. Fernando de S. and Langguth, Alfredo
Type:
article and TEXT
Subject:
karyotypes, Sciurus spadiceus, Sciurus alphonsei, Amazon, Atlantic Forest, and Brazil
Language:
English
Description:
The karyotypes of Sciurus alphonsei from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and S. spadiceus from the Amazon region are described. Standard staining revealed 2n = 40 and FN = 76 in both species, with all autosome pairs being biarmed. C-banding in S. alphonsei showed pericentromeric labelling only. The karyotypes obtained are similar to those known for Holarctic taxa, except S. vulgaris and S. v. coreae that have FN = 72. The karyotypic stability of the diploid number in genus Sciurus is confirmed.
Rights:
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9. Light and scanning electron microscopy of Myxobolus porofilus sp. n. (Myxosporea: Myxobolidae) infecting the visceral cavity of Prochilodus lineatus (Pisces: Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) cultivated in Brazil

Creator:
Adriano, Edson A., Arana, Sarah, Ceccarelli, Paulo S., and Cordeiro, Nelson S.
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Myxosporea, Myxobolus porofilus, Prochilodontidae, Prochilodus lineatus, and Brazil
Language:
English
Description:
Myxobolus porofilus sp. n. is described infecting the visceral cavity of Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836) cultivated in São Paulo State, Brazil. The plasmodial form of the parasite is 3-5 mm in length and appeared compressed between the wall of the visceral cavity and the pyloric caecum, reposing on this organ. The spores are small (length 5.7 ± 0.3 µm, width 4.8 ± 0.2 µm; mean ± SD) and round to elliptical in frontal view. The valve surfaces are smooth and have sutural folds. The polar capsules are ovoid, small (length 1.6 ± 0.1 µm, width 1.1 ± 0.1 µm) and equal in size. The polar filaments have three turns aligned perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the capsule. A conspicuous polar filament pore is arranged at the anterior end of the spore. The only reaction observed upon histological analysis was the presence of a capsule of connective tissue surrounding the plasmodia. This is the first report of a myxosporean parasite in the Prochilodontidae.
Rights:
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10. Monogenoidean parasites of freshwater stingrays (Rajiformes: Potamotrygonidae) from the Negro River, Amazon, Brazil: species of Potamotrygonocotyle (Monocotylidae) and Paraheteronchocotyle (Hexabothriidae)

Creator:
Domingues, Marcus V., Pancera, Norberto C. M., and Marques, Fernando P. L.
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Monogenoidea, Monocotylidae, Hexabothriidae, Potamotrygonocotyle, Paraheteronchocotyle, Potamotrygonidae, taxonomy, Amazon, Negro River, and Brazil
Language:
English
Description:
Five new species of Potamotrygonocotyle (Monocotylidae) are described and Paraheteronchocotyle amazonense Mayes, Brooks et Thorson, 1981 (Hexabothriidae) is redescribed from monogenoideans collected on the gills of species of Potamotrygonidae from the Negro River, Amazon, Brazil. Potamotrygonocotyle quadracotyle sp. n. and P. umbella sp. n. were found parasitizing an undescribed species of Potamotrygon; Potamotrygonocotyle rarum sp. n. is described from Potamotrygon schroederi; Potamotrygonocotyle rionegrense inhabits Potamotrygon cf. motoro; Potamotrygonocotyle aramasae sp. n. is a parasite of Paratrygon aiereba; and Paraheteronchocotyle amazonense is reported from Potamotrygon orbignyi. The diagnosis of Paraheteronchocotyle is emended, and P. amazonense is redescribed.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public