Since the fall of communist regimes in South Eastern Europe, local Muslim communities have experienced revival of different aspects of their religious life. This study examines the development of Islamic education, that has expanded since 1990 and that has affected a large segment of Balkan Muslim population. Islamic education represents a substantial and durable aspect of the re-Islamization process in Balkan Muslim communities. However, this “re-Islamization” must be understood in a local context, i.e. as an awakening and spreading of Islamic awareness and morals among Balkan Muslims and not as a demand for the introduction of sharīca laws as such.