1 - 4 of 4
Number of results to display per page
Search Results
2. Monitoring and prevalence of influenza A virus in the population of mallard duck in the Czech Republic between 2008-2010
- Creator:
- Ryba, Štěpán and Stopka, Pavel
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- PCR and detection
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In the current study 744 cloacal samples were collected from mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) in the Czech Republic and tested for the presence of influenza virus between 2008 and 2010. Of the total number of 744 mallards tested nine were positive (prevalence 1.2 %) for influenza virus. All the mallards were up to 1.5 years old and the majority (89 %) were killed by hunters.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3. Quantifying aphid predation rates of generalist predators in the field
- Creator:
- Harwood, James D. and Obrycki, Joh J.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Gut-content analysis, polyclonal antisera, monoclonal antibodies, PCR, biological control, and generalist
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The community of predators within agroecosystems has the potential to restrict aphid populations, especially early in the season before exponential increases in density and prior to the arrival of specialist natural enemies. Although direct observations of predation, laboratory feeding trials and manipulative field studies have been used to estimate levels of biological control exerted by different species (or potentially negative interactions between them), it is often difficult to extrapolate results to naturally occurring interactions in the field. Over 100 investigations have utilized gut-content analysis to estimate aphid predation rates by predators. Throughout the last century, gut dissection, which enables the visual identification of aphid body parts, has been used in over 50% of studies although accurate identification and quantification of predation is difficult. Other techniques have included radio-labelling of prey, dissection of faecal samples, electrophoresis, stable isotope analysis and use of polyclonal antisera. In recent studies of invertebrate predation, monoclonal antibodies have been the most frequently applied technique but advances in molecular biology have enabled the detection of species-specific DNA sequences. The use of these applications to quantify predation by aphidophagous predators will be reviewed, with emphasis on potential sources of error and difficulties of quantitative interpretation. Despite the considerable focus currently directed towards molecular approaches, antibody-based techniques are likely to remain an important tool for studying predation rates of pests in the field, especially when antibodies have already been developed. However, the study of multiple predation events within complex generalist predator food webs is only likely through the detection of species-specific DNA sequences using molecular techniques.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
4. Variable expression of hypercholesterolemia in apolipoprotein E2* (Arg136 - Cys) Heterozygotes
- Creator:
- Jaroslav Hubáček, Jan Piťha, Petr Stávek, Schmitz, G., and Rudolf Poledne
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, sekvenování DNA, metabolismus lipidů, DNA sequencing, lipid metabolism, apolipoprotein E, rare mutation, PCR, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In the process of population screening for apo E gene polymorphism with the PCR and subsequent restriction analysis, we identified a female who demonstrated heterozygosity for an unusual restriction fragment caused by the loss of a CfoI restriction site. Sequence analysis of the apo E gene was performed and a carrier of the mutant allele with C - T substitution at cDNA position 3817 was identified, which caused an Arg136 - Cys change. The first-line relatives have been screened for this rare mutation with PCR and restriction analysis of PCR products. The complete lipoprotein parameters have been determined in the probands family. In the family, only one child had the same mutant allele as his mother had. The proband (7.49 mmol/l) with her siblings had hypercholesterolemia and a high body mass index (BMI 31.6 kg/m2). By contrast, her son had a normal lipid spectrum with normal BMI. We described the mutation apo E2* (Arg136 - Cys) in a family with elevated lipid levels, but there was no confirmation of the connection between this mutation and type III hyperlipoproteinemia or hyperlipoproteinemia at all. In the case of this mutation, other factors (mainly genetic) are important for the development of lipid metabolism disorders., J. A. Hubáček, J. Piťha, P. Stávek, G. Schmitz, R. Poledne., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public