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Start Over Subject diabetes mellitus

11. Covid-19 infection and the host genetic predisposition: does it exist?

Creator:
Vašků, Anna
Format:
počítač and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
ACE2 polymorphisms, COVID 19, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipoproteinemia, and pharmacogenetics
Language:
English
Description:
Knowledge of genomic interindividual variability could help us to explain why different manifestation of clinical severity of Covid-19 infection as well as modified pharmacogenetic relations can be expected during this pandemic condition.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

12. Deficit of coenzyme Q in heart and liver mitochondria of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes

Creator:
Jarmila Kucharská, Braunová, Z., Oľga Uličná, Zlatoš, L., and Anna Gvozdjáková
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, diabetes mellitus, mitochondrie, oxidační stres, mitochondrias, oxidative stress, alpha-tocopherol, coenzyme Q, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress participate in the development of diabetic complications, however, the mechanisms of their origin are not entirely clear. Coenzyme Q has an important function in mitochondrial bioenergetics and is also a powerful antioxidant. Coenzyme Q (CoQ) regenerates alpha-tocopherol to its active form and prevents atherogenesis by protecting low-density lipoproteins against oxidation. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether the experimentally induced diabetes mellitus is associated with changes in the content of endogenous antioxidants (alpha-tocopherol, coenzymes Q9 and Q10) and in the intensity of lipoperoxidation. These biochemical parameters were investigated in the blood and in the isolated heart and liver mitochondria. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by a single intravenous injection of streptozotocin (45 mg.kg-1), insulin was administered once a day for 8 weeks (6 U.kg-1). The concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, alpha-tocopherol and CoQ homologues in the blood of the diabetic rats were increased. The CoQ9/cholesterol ratio was reduced. In heart and liver mitochondria of the diabetic rats we found an increased concentration of alpha-tocopherol, however, the concentrations of CoQ9 and CoQ10 were decreased. The formation of malondialdehyde was enhanced in the plasma and heart mitochondria. The results have demonstrated that experimental diabetes is associated with increased lipoperoxidation, in spite of the increased blood concentrations of antioxidants alpha-tocopherol and CoQ. These changes may be associated with disturbances of lipid metabolism in diabetic rats. An important finding is that heart and liver mitochondria from the diabetic rats contain less CoQ9 and CoQ10 in comparison with the controls. We suppose that the deficit of coenzyme Q can participate in disturbances of mitochondrial energy metabolism of diabetic animals., J. Kucharská, Z. Braunová, O. Uličná, L. Zlatoš, A. Gvozdjáková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

13. Determinants of preclinical atherosclerosis are different in type 1 and type 2 diabetic women

Creator:
Pavlína Piťhová, Kateřina Štechová, Jan Piťha, Věra Lánská, and Milan Kvapil
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, diabetes mellitus, type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, carotid intima-media thickness, risk factors, subclinical atherosclerosis, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Diabetes mellitus type 2 ranks among the strongest predictors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) while the association of type 1 diabetes with CVD is more complex. We studied differences between type 1 and 2 diabetic women regarding association of cardiovascular risk factors with preclinical atherosclerosis expressed as intima-media thickness of common carotid (IMT CCA) and femoral arteries (IMT CFA) measured by high resolution ultrasound. Women with type 1 (n=203) and type 2 diabetes (n=123) were examined with regard to the presence of cardiovascular risk factors. In type 1 diabetic women strong association between IMT CCA and body mass index, waist circumference, and total body fat was found in contrast to type 2 diabetic women. In type 2 diabetic women strong association between IMT CCA and fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and atherogenic index of plasma (log TG/HDL cholesterol) was observed in contrast to type 1 diabetic women. In type 1 diabetic women, IMT CFA was associated with body fat in contrast to type 2 diabetic women. Preclinical atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetic women was strongly associated with factors reflecting body fat and its distribution, while in type 2 diabetic women preclinical atherosclerosis was associated with markers reflecting glucose and lipid metabolic disorders., P. Piťhová, K. Štechová, J. Piťha, V. Lánská, M. Kvapil., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

14. Determination of caveolin-1 in renal caveolar and non-caveolar fractions in experimental type 1 diabetes

Creator:
Hana Demová and Radko Komers
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Patologie. Klinická medicína, diabetologie, diabetes mellitus, nemoci ledvin, inzulin, diabetology, kidney diseases, insulin, caveolin-1, type 1 diabetes mellitus, sucrose fractination, losartan, 14, and 616
Language:
English
Description:
1a_Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) is the main structural component of caveolae, acting as a modulator of signal transduction. CAV-1 might be involved in the pathophysiology of microvascular complications in Type 1 diabetes (DM). We sought to determine whether fractionation on sucrose gradient (SF), a method routinely utilized for isolation of caveolar fractions in homogenous cell lines, is applicable for CAV-1-related studies in tissues with multiple cell types, such as the normal rat kidney cortex (C). Using this method, we also determined whether streptozotocin- induced DM in rats (4-week duration) leads to changes in renal subcellular targeting of CAV-1, and evaluated the effects of tight metabolic control (insulin, 12 IU /day) and angiotensin receptor blocker, losartan (4 weeks, 20 mg/kg/day). Immunoblotting of individual fractions obtained from C revealed CAV-1 expression in fractions 4-6 that corresponded to light scattering band that typically forms after separating cellular fractions on SF. These fractions were considered to be caveolar fractions. In C, CAV-1 was also detectable in fracti ons 8-10. These and all other fractions except caveolar fractions were considered to be non-caveolar fractions. A ratio of caveolar/non-caveolar expression of CAV-1 (CNCR) was computed for each renal cortex allowing comparisons of CAV-1 subcellular distribution in C and DM rats, and effects of treatments., 2a_Using this approach, DM was characterized by marked increases in CNCR as compared to C (5.54±1.56 vs. 2.65±1.33, p<0. 05) that were reduced by treatment with insulin (0.78±0. 24, p<0.01 vs. DM) or losartan (0.84±0.06, p<0.01 vs. DM). In summary, analysis of CAV-1 following the SF of renal cortex detected similar distribution of the protein as in homogenous cell lines, DM-induced changes in CAV-1 targeting, and the effects of pharmacological treatments. This suggests applicability of SF in studies focusing on CAV-1 targeting in organs with various cell lines in vivo., H. Demová, R. Komers., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

15. DHEA, DHEAS and prolactin correlate with glucose control parameters in women of fertile age with type-1 diabetes mellitus

Creator:
Hana Kvasničková, Richard Hampl, and Karel Vondra
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, diabetes mellitus, type 1 diabetes mellitus, DHEA/S, prolactin, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The aim of our work was to provide data from women of fertile age with type 1 diabetes mellitus about the endogenous androgens and on their relations to the parameters of diabetes control. Forty-two women were examined, they did not use contraceptives for at least three months prior to the examination. A multivariate regression analysis showed that the daily insulin dose, the fasting glycemia and the HbA1c values and patient´s age correlated negatively with dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone and prolactin levels. The testosterone/ dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate ratio correlated positively with daily insulin dose and patient´s age. In contrast to adrenal androgens the values of other hormones, including total and free testosterone, androstenedione, dihydrotestosterone, estradiol, LH, FSH, 17-OH-P, progesterone and cortisol revealed no significant correlation. To conclude, significant relations between the glucose control parameters and the adrenal androgens and prolactin were demonstrated. These relationships should be considered as an important factor influencing diabetes control so the additional cardiovascular risk in women with DM1., H. Kvasnickova, R. Hampl, K. Vondra., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

17. Diagnostic significance of a mild decrease of baroreflex sensitivity with respect to heart rate in type 1 diabetes mellitus

Creator:
Svačinová, J., Nataša Honzíková, Krtička, A., Ingrid Tonhajzerová, Kamil Javorka, and Michal Javorka
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, diabetes mellitus, baroreflex sensitivity, inter-beat interval, repeatability, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Decreased baroreflex sensitivity is an early sign of autonomic dysfunction in patients with type-1 diabetes mellitus. We evaluated the repeatability of a mild baroreflex sensitivity decrease in diabetics with respect to their heart rate. Finger blood pressure was continuously recorded in 14 young diabetics without clinical signs of autonomic dysfunction and in 14 age-matched controls for 42 min. The recordings were divided into 3-min segments, and the mean inter-beat interval (IBI), baroreflex sensitivity in ms/mm Hg (BRS) and mHz/mm Hg (BRSf) were determined in each segment. These values fluctuated in each subject within 42 min and therefore coefficients of repeatability were calculated for all subjects. Diabetics compared with controls had a decreased mean BRS (p=0.05), a tendency to a shortened IBI (p=0.08), and a decreased BRSf (p=0.17). IBI correlated with BRS in diabetics (p=0.03); th is correlation was at p=0.12 in the controls. BRSf was IBI independent (controls: p=0.81, diabetics: p=0.29). We conclude that BRS is partially dependent on mean IBI. Thus, BRS reflects not only an impairment of the quick baroreflex responses of IBI to blood pressure changes, but also a change of the tonic sy mpathetic and pa rasympathetic heart rate control. This is of significance during mild changes of BRS. Therefore, an examination of the BRSf index is highly recommended, because this examin ation improves the diagnostic value of the measurement, particul arly in cases of early signs of autonomic dysfunction., J. Svačinová ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

18. Differences in muscle metabolism in patients with type I diabetes - influence of gender and nephropathy studied by 31P MR spectroscopy

Creator:
Sedivy, P., Monika Dezortová, Michal Drobný, Zuzana Vlasáková, Vít Herynek, and Milan Hájek
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie, diabetes mellitus, energetický metabolismus, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, energy metabolism, Diabetes Mellitus Type I, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Type I diabetes mellitus (DM1) is a complex disease with adverse effects on organs and tissues despite compensation by insulin treatment. The goal of our study was to study how kidney diseases change 31P MR parameters of muscle metabolism in DM1 patients with respect to gender. 51 DM1 patients (19 m/14 f without and 13 m/5 f with nephropathy) and 26 (14 m/12 f) healthy volunteers were examined using 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3T tomograph at rest, and during and after a calf muscle exercise. The exercise consisted of a six-minute plantar flexion using a pedal ergometer followed by a six-minute recovery. It is reflected by reduced relative β-ATP and increased Pi and phosphodiester signals to phosphocreatine (PCr) at rest and prolongation of the PCr recovery time after the exercise. Measurement on healthy volunteers indicated differences between males and females in pH at the rest and after the exercise only. These differences between patients groups were not significant. We have proven that nephropathy affects the metabolism in diabetic patients and our results confirm significant difference between patients with and without nephropathy. Gender differences in pH were observed only between male and female healthy volunteers., P. Sedivy, M. Dezortova, M. Drobny, Z. Vlasakova, V. Herynek, M. Hajek., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

20. ECG body surface mapping (BSM) in type 1 diabetic patients

Creator:
Denisa Žďárská, Pavlína Pelíšková, Jiří Charvát, Jaroslav Slavíček, Mikuláš Mlček, Eva Medová, and Otomar Kittnar
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, diabetes mellitus, elektrokardiogramy, human physiology, electrocardiograms, diabetes mellitus 1. typu, vektorkardiogram (VCG), mapování potenciálu z povrchu těla, diabetes mellitus type 1, vectorcardiogram (VCG), body surface potential maps (BSPM), 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
a1_Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. ECG of patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM 1) shows tachycardia (block of parasympathetic innervation) and abnormal repolarization (increased QT interval and QT dispersion (QTd)) indicating a risk of ventricular tachycardia and sudden death in young people with DM 1. The aim of the present report was to measure 145 parameters of the heart electric field in 22 patients (14 men, 8 women) with DM 1 without complications (mean age 32.8±11.4 years) and in 22 controls (11 men, 11 women, mean age 30.1±3.4 years). The duration of diabetes was 13.9 ±7.8 years. The parameters were regist ered by the diagnostic system Cardiag 112.2 and statistically evaluated by the Student and Mann-Whitney test. Tachycardia (86.3±2.7 beats.min-1), shortening of both QRS (79.9±1.6 ms) and QT (349.0±5.9 ms) and increased QT dispersion (115±36 ms) were observed in DM 1 when compared with the controls (75.0±2.1 beats. min -1, QRS 89.9±2.7 ms, QT 374.0±4.4 ms, QTd 34.0±12.0 ms, p<0.01). The QTc was 415.2±4.1 ms in DM 1 and 401.4±6.6 ms in controls (NS)., a2_Other significant findings in DM 1 were: higher maximum of depolarization isopotential maps (DIPMmax) in the initial phase of QRS and less positive in the terminal phase, more negative minimum (DIPMmin) during QRS similarly as the minimum in depolarization isointegral maps (DIIMmin) and the minimum in isointegral map of the Q wave (Q-IIMmin), lower maximum in repolarization isopotential maps (RIPMmax) and less negative minimum (RIPMmin), more negative amplitude of Q wave (Q-IPMAM) and more pronounced spread of depolarization (activation time). Our results confirmed a decreased parasympathetic to sympathetic tone ratio (tachycardia, shortening of the activation time) and revealed different depolarization and repolarization patterns in DM 1. The differences in heart electric field parameters measured by the BSPM method in DM 1 and in the controls indicate the importance of ECG examination of diabetic patients type 1 in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases., D. Žďárská, P. Pelíšková, J. Charvát, J. Slavíček, M. Mlček, E. Medová, O. Kittnar., and Obsahuje bibiografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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