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12. Association of eNOS gene polymorphisms T-786C and G894T with blood pressure variability in man

Creator:
Miroslav Jíra, Eva Závodná, Nataša Honzíková, Zuzana Nováková, Anna Vašků, Lydie Izakovičová Hollá, and Bohumil Fišer
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, oxid dusnatý, genetika, polymorfismus, nitric oxide, genetics, polymorphism, arterial blood pressure variability, spectral analysis, nitric oxide synthase, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) T-786C and G894T in the gene encoding eNOS with blood pressu re variability (BPV) in man. Blood pressure was recorded beat-t o-beat at rest three times in periods of one week (5 min, Finapres, breathing at 0.33 Hz) in 152 subjects (19-24 years). Systolic (SBPV0.1r/SBPV 0.1a) and diastolic (DBPV0.1r/DBPV 0.1a) blood pressure variabilities in relative (r.u.) and absolute (mmHg2/Hz) units were determined by the spectral method as spectral po wer at the frequency of 0.1 Hz. Genotypes of both polymorphisms were detected using polymerase chain reaction and re striction analysis using enzymes Msp I and Ban II. Significant diffe rences were observed in BPV among genotypes of T-786C SNP (p<0.05; Kruskal-Wallis), and among haplotypes of both SNPs (p<0.05; Kruskal-Wallis) as well. In T-786C SNP, carriers of less frequent allele (CC homozygotes and TC heterozygotes) showed significantly greater SBPV0.1r and SBPV0.1a compared to TT homozygote s (Mann-Whitney; p<0.05). The G894T variant showed no sign ificant differences, but, both SNPs were in linkage disequilib rium (D’=0.37; p<0.01). Carriers of haplotype CT/CT (CC homozygotes of -786C/T and TT homozygotes of G894T) displaye d significantly greater SBPV0.1r, SBPV0.1a and DBPV0.1a compared to carriers of other haplotype combinations (Kruskal-Wallis; p=0.015, p=0.048, and p=0.026, respectively). In conclusion, the haplotype formed by less frequent alleles of both eNOS variants was associated with increased systolic and diastolic BPV in this study., M. Jíra ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

13. Baroreflex sensitivity and essential hypertension in adolescents

Creator:
Nataša Honzíková and Bohumil Fišer
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, adolescenti, obezita, genetika, human physiology, adolescents, obesity, genetics, esenciální hypertenze, baroreflexní citlivost, essential hypertension, baroreflex sensitivity, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
1a_It has been known for many years that baroreflex sensitivity is lowered in hypertensive patients. There are several known factors implicating this association, e.g. high blood pressure leads to remodeling of the carotid arterial wall, to its stiffness and to a diminished activation of baroreceptors; leptin released from a fatty tissue activates the sympathetic nervous system etc. On the other hand, low baroreflex sensitivity (BRS, usually quantified in ms/mmHg) can be inborn. Studies on primary hypertension in children and adolescents have brought new information about the role of baroreflex in the development of an early stage of primary hypertension. BRS lower than 3.9 ms/mmHg was found in 5 % of healthy subjects. This value approaches the critical value for the risk of sudden cardiac death in patients after myocardial infarction and corresponds to the value present in hypertensive patients. A decreased BRS and BRSf (baroreflex sensitivity expressed in mHz/mmHg, index independent of the mean cardiac interval), was found not only in children with hypertension, but also in those with white-coat hypertension. This is in accordance with a single interpretation. The decrease of BRS/BRSf precedes a pathological blood pressure increase., 2a_The contribution of obesity and BRS/BRSf to the development of hypertension in adolescents was also compared. Both factors reach a sensitivity and a specificity between 60 % and 65 %, but there is no correlation between the values of the body mass index and BRS either in the group of hypertensive patients or in healthy controls. If a receiver operating curve (sensitivity versus specificity) is plotted for both values together using logistic regression analysis, a sensitivity higher than 70 % and a specificity over 80 % are reached. This means that low baroreflex sensitivity is an independent risk factor for the development of primary hypertension. Studies demonstrate that adolescents with increased blood pressure and with BRS under 7 ms/mmHg should be given care and intensively motivated to change their lifestyle including a change in diet and increase in physical activity., and N. Honzíková, B. Fišer.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

16. Česká hlava za výzkum vzniku nových biologických druhů

Creator:
Olivová, Jana and Kyselová, Stanislava
Format:
print, text, regular print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, rozhovory, interviews, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, Forejt, Jiří, 1944-, věda, genetika, ceny a vyznamenání, science, human genetics, awards, 12, and 00
Language:
Czech
Description:
Proč se nekříží kočka se psem? Proč se sice může zkřížit kůň s oslem, ale jejich potomci - mulové či mezci - jsou neplodní? Z jakého důvodu jsou někdy strilní i kříženci dvou blízce příbuzných poddruhů, třeba myší, a souvisí to nějak se vznikem nových živočišných druhů? Jeden z nejdůležitějších článků tété záhady odhalil Jiří Forejt z Ústavu molekulární genetiky Akademie věd ČR, kterýá identifikoval první gen u savců zodpovědný za samčí neplodnost mezidruhových kříženců, přečetl ho a ukázal, jak je regulován. and Jana Olivová, Stanislava Kyselová.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

18. Co je nového v evoluční biologii. Genom latimérií

Creator:
Petr Ráb
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Obecná genetika. Obecná cytogenetika. Evoluce, evoluční biologie, genetika, ryby, evolutionary biology, genetics, fishes, 2, and 575
Language:
Czech
Description:
V r. 2013 dvě nezávislé skupiny osekvenovaly kompletní genomy obou taxonomicky známých druhů latimérií (Latimeria). Článek krátce shrnuje celou historii jejich objevu, zeměpisné rozšíření a stručně podává přehled vývoji poznatků o jednotlivých částech jejich genomu. Poté komentuje výsledky zmíněných celogenomových studií zejména vzhledem ke dvěma skupinám genů - společné pro paprskoploutvé ryby (Actinopterygii) a latimérii a společné pro latimérii a čtvernožce (Tetrapoda)., Two independent research groups decipher the complete genomes of both taxonomically known species of the genus Latimeria. This note briefly summarizes the discovery and geographic distribution of coelacanth species, and overviews the history of findings dealing with various parts of their genomes. It also comments on the results of both whole genome sequencing studies, especially as regards two gene groups - those present in ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) and coelacanth and those present in coelacanth and tetrapods., and Petr Ráb.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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