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32. Karas stříbřitý a jeho příbuzní

Creator:
Lukáš Kalous
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, zoologie, ryby, obojživelníci, plazi, molekulární biologie, virologie, imunologie, fyziologie, genetika, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, molecular biology, virology, immunology, physiology, genetics, 2, and 59
Language:
Czech
Description:
Článek se zabývá taxonomií, reprodukční biologií, fylogenetikou, fylogeografií a introdukční historií ryb rodu karas (Carassius). Článek poskytuje souhrn poznatků, které jsou značně komplikované a spojené s jedinečným způsobem rozmnožování, definicí druhu a nepřesným chápáním biologie a systematiky těchto ryb v minulosti. Celá problematika je ještě daleko od svého kompletního vyřešení, ale současný pohled nám může pomoci v lepší péči o vodní prostředí., This article deals with the taxonomy, re­productive biology, phylogenetics, phylo­geography and introduction history of the fishes of the genus Carassius. It summarizes findings associated with their unique mode of reproduction, challenging species delimitation and insufficient understanding of the biology and systematics of these fishes in the past. Deeper insight into the biology of Prussian Carp (Carassius gibelio) will require more research, but the available re­sults can improve our understanding and management of the aquatic environment., Lukáš Kalous., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

33. Kreatinkinázový systém v kosterním svalu

Creator:
Jitka Žurmanová
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, zoologie, molekulární biologie, virologie, imunologie, fyziologie, genetika, antropologie, molecular biology, virology, immunology, physiology, genetics, anthropology, 2, and 59
Language:
Czech
Description:
Následující řádky přinášejí informaci o významném buněčném mechanismu, který pomáhá udržovat energetickou rovnováhu buněk v okamžicích náhlého zvýšení požadavku na dodávku energie. Tento mechanismus také usnadňuje přenos energeticky bohatých substrátů v buněčném prostoru k místům jeho spotřeby a je zvláště rozvinutý v buňkách, jejichž požadavky na dodávku energie v průběhu času značně kolísají a jsou schopné vysokého výkonu. Můžeme jej pozorovat ve svalových vláknech, srdečních myocytech, neuronech, ale i ve spermatických buňkách, které se po probuzení k aktivitě pokouší vyhrát závod s ostatními a splnit tím svoji biologickou úlohu., The article presents information on an im­portant cell mechanism that helps to maintain the energy balance in cells at mo­ments when there is a sudden increase in demand for energy supply. This mechanism also facilitates the transfer of ener­gy-rich substrata in cellular space to the locations of its consumption, and it is parti­cularly well-developed in cells that are ca­pable of high performance and their energy requirements vary considerably over time. We can observe it in muscle fibres, cardiac myocytes, neurons and sperm cells., and Jitka Žurmanová.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

34. Lipoprotein lipase activity determined in vivo is lower in carries of apolipoprotein A-V gene variants 19W and -1131C

Creator:
Jan Kovář and Věra Adámková
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Buněčná biologie. Cytologie, fyziologie, genetika, lipoproteiny, mastné kyseliny, physiology, genetics, lipoproteins, fatty acids, apolipoprotein A-V, lipoprotein lipase, nonesterified fatty acids, 2, and 576
Language:
English
Description:
The apolipoprotein A-V (apo A-V) plays an important role in regulation of triglyceride (TG) concentration in serum. To better understand how apo A-V affects triglyceridemia and glucoregulation, the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity was determined using intravenous fat tolerance test (IVFTT) and oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) was performed in carriers of apolipoprotein A-V gene ( APOAV) variants known to be associated with increased triglyceridemia. Twelve carriers of 19W variant, 16 carriers of -1131C variant, 1 combined heterozygote and 16 control subjects homozygous for wild type variants (19S/-1131T) were selected from a population sample and matched with respect to body mass index and age. The APOAV variants carriers had increased TG, very low density lipoprotein-TG, and apo B concentrations (p < 0.05). The LPL activity evaluated as k2 rate constant for clearance of Intralipid® was 14 % lower in APOAV variants carriers. The depression of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentration after glucose load was delayed in APOAV variants carriers in spite of the same insulinemia and glycemia. Our results suggest that variants of APOAV combined with increased triglyceridemia are associated with lower LPL activity in vivo and with disturbances of regulation of NEFA concentration after glucose load., J. Kovář, V. Adámková., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

35. MAC'09 poprvé v České republice

Creator:
Jiří Neužil, Ladislav Anděra, and Alois Kozubík
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, mezinárodní konference, mitochondrie, genetika, international conferences, mitochondrias, genetics, Praha (Česko), Prague (Czechia), 12, and 00
Language:
Czech
Description:
The European Molecular Biology Organization orga­ni­zed a meeting in Prague October 1-3. At this symposium several topics were discussed: biology and genetics of mitochondria in relation to cancer; the role of mitochondria-targeting compounds in cancer suppression (including BH3 mimetics); mitochondria as transmitters of death receptor-induced apoptosis; regulation of apoptosis and the interplay of mitochondria with other organelles p53 and mitochondria in apoptosis regulation; and the role of mitochondria in targeting cancer stem cells. and Jiří Neužil, Ladislav Anděra a Alois Kozubík.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

36. Measurement of cellular excitability by whole cell patch clamp technique

Creator:
Karmažínová, M. and Ľubica Lacinová
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, genetika, molekulární genetika, genetics, molecular genetics, patch clamp, calcium current, activation, deactivation, inactivation, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Patch clamp method developed more than 30 years ago is widely used for investigation of cellular excitability manifested as transmembrane ionic current and/or generation of action potentials. This technique could be applied to measurement of ionic currents flowing through individual (single) ion channels or through the whole assembly of ion channels expressed in the whole cell. Whole cell configuration is more common for measurement of ion currents and the only one enabling measurement of action potentials. This method allows detailed analysis of mechanisms and structural determinants of voltagedependent gating of ion channels as well as regulation of channel activity by intracellular signaling pathways and pharmacological agents., M. Karmažínová, L'. Lacinová., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

39. Mutation analysis of candidate genes SCN1B, KCND3 and ANK2 in patients with clinical diagnosis of long QT syndrome

Creator:
Martina Raudenská, Alexandra Bittnerová, Tomáš Novotný, Alena Floriánová, Karel Chroust, Renata Gaillyová, Bořivoj Semrád, Jitka Kadlecová, Martina Šišáková, Ondřej Toman, and Jindřich Špinar
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika, fyziologie, genetika, geny, physiology, genetics, genes, ANK2, candidate geens, KCND3, long QT syndrome, SCN1B, 2, and 577
Language:
English
Description:
The long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a monogenic disorder characterized by prolongation of the QT interval on electrocardiogram and syncope or sudden death caused by polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (torsades de pointes). In general, mutations in cardiac ion channel genes (KCNQ1, KCNH2, SCN5A, KCNE1, KCNE2) have been identified as a cause for LQTS. About 50-60 % of LQTS patients have an identifiable LQTS causing mutation in one of mentioned genes. In a group of 12 LQTS patients with no identified mutations in these genes we have tested a hypothesis that other candidate genes could be involved in LQTS pathophysiology. SCN1B and KCND3 genes encode ion channel proteins, ANK2 gene encodes cytoskeletal protein interacting with ion channels. To screen coding regions of genes SCN1B, KCND3, and 10 exons of ANK2 following methods were used: PCR, SSCP, and DNA sequencing. Five polymorphisms were found in screened candid ate genes, 2 polymorphisms in KCND3 and 3 in SCN1B. None of found polymorphisms has coding effect nor is located close to splice sites or has any similarity to known splicing enhancer motifs. Polymorphism G246T in SCN1B is a novel one. No mutation directly causing LQTS was found. Molecular mechanism of LQTS genesis in these patients remains unclear., M. Raudenská, A. Bittnerová, T. Novotný, A. Floriánová, K. Chroust, R. Gaillyová, B. Semrád, J. Kadlecová, M. Šišáková, O. Toman, J. Špinar., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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