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2. Effects of predictable tax liability variation on household labor income
- Creator:
- Feldman, Naomi E., Katuščák, Peter, Kejak, Michal, Univerzita Karlova. Centrum pro ekonomický výzkum a doktorské studium, and Národohospodářský ústav (Akademie věd ČR)
- Publisher:
- CERGE-EI
- Format:
- electronic and 45 s.
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Ekonomie, daně, příjmy, taxation, income, 336.22, 330.564.2, (048.8), 4, and 33
- Language:
- English and Czech
- Description:
- Naomi E. Feldman, Peter Katuščák., Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy, České resumé, and born digital
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3. EU-SILC a jeho metodologická úskalí: mezinárodní srovnatelnost a příjmové proměnné
- Creator:
- Mysíková, Martina
- Format:
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- příjmy, domácnosti, životní podmínky, income, households, living conditions, comparability, EU-SILC, 18, and 3
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) set of surveys are an important source of comparative statistical data. EU-SILC provides data on income, living conditions, poverty and social exclusion, material deprivation: topics of growing interest to scholars in Europe and elsewhere. EU-SILC surveys are fielded in 29 European countries and coordinated by Eurostat. Although the survey is harmonised, the individual level microdata consists of many dissimilarities across participating countries because of different national conditions, methods of data collection and/or data processing. The aim of this article is to discuss the opportunities and limitations of EU-SILC datasets. In addition to discussing the development, methodology and basic pitfalls of EU-SILC, this article focuses on (a) income variables, (b) differences in income among countries and (c) impact of income differentials on data comparability. The main problems of income data may be summarised as follows. 1) Some countries use registers to report income variables while others obtain this information from interviews, and this difference lowers their comparability. 2) The incidence of negative or zero values makes the construction of poverty and inequality measures difficult. 3) There are national differences in the net-to-gross income conversion procedure. This study shows using a four country analysis that the net-to-gross conversion procedure overestimates gross wages in two countries and underestimates it in two others. Notwithstanding these methodological issues, EU-SILC is an important resource for the comparative study of income., Martina Mysíková., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
4. EU-SILC a jeho metodologická úskalí: mezinárodní srovnatelnost a příjmové proměnné
- Creator:
- Mysíková, Martina
- Format:
- electronic
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- comparability, EU-SILC, income, and HM
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) set of surveys are an important source of comparative statistical data. EU-SILC provides data on income, living conditions, poverty and social exclusion, material deprivation: topics of growing interest to scholars in Europe and elsewhere. EU-SILC surveys are fielded in 29 European countries and coordinated by Eurostat. Although the survey is harmonised, the individual level microdata consists of many dissimilarities across participating countries because of different national conditions, methods of data collection and/or data processing. The aim of this article is to discuss the opportunities and limitations of EU-SILC datasets. In addition to discussing the development, methodology and basic pitfalls of EU-SILC, this article focuses on (a) income variables, (b) differences in income among countries and (c) impact of income differentials on data comparability. The main problems of income data may be summarised as follows. 1) Some countries use registers to report income variables while others obtain this information from interviews, and this difference lowers their comparability. 2) The incidence of negative or zero values makes the construction of poverty and inequality measures difficult. 3) There are national differences in the net-to-gross income conversion procedure. This study shows using a four country analysis that the net-to-gross conversion procedure overestimates gross wages in two countries and underestimates it in two others. Notwithstanding these methodological issues, EU-SILC is an important resource for the comparative study of income.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
5. Exogenous expenses in industries with vertical product differentiation and quality constraints
- Creator:
- Burlakov, Georgi
- Publisher:
- CERGE-EI
- Format:
- electronic, svazek, and 38 stran
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Ekonomie, trhy, spotřebitelské chování, jakost, příjmy, modelování a simulace, markets, consumer behavior, quality, income, modeling and simulation, 339.13, 366.1, 005.336.3, 330.564.2, 519.86/.87, (048.8), 4, and 33
- Language:
- English and Czech
- Description:
- Georgi Burlakov., Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy, and Český a anglický abstrakt
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
6. Krůček ke skutečné demokracii: Van Parijs, P., Hrubec, M., Brabec, M. a kol. Všeobecný základní příjem. Právo na lenost, nebo na přežití?
- Creator:
- Černá, Karolína
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- neoliberalismus, přerozdělování, distributivní spravedlnost, příjmy, svoboda, sociální spravedlnost, distributive justice, neo-liberalism, income, liberty, social justice, 15, and 321
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- [autor recenze] Karolína Černá.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
7. Souvislost vzdělání a příjmu s výskytem kohabitace v ČR
- Creator:
- Pacáková, Hana, Plecháčková, Debora, Půlpánová, Petra, and Matoušová, Barbora
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- singles, education, income, cohabitation, and living-apart-together
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The article discusses the relationship between educational attainment and the existence of cohabitation in the Czech Republic. Cohabitation of unmarried partners is a timely topic given a constant growth of this form of relationship in the Czech society, which almost tripled between the years 1991 and 2011. Based on data from the ISSP 2012 quantitative survey, the article seeks to demonstrate whether the educational attainment of an individual or his/her partner is associated with whether or not they cohabitate. Cohabitation is juxtaposed to marriage as well as to living-apart-together relationships, with partners living in different households. Where methodologically feasible, the findings are verified on data from the following surveys: European Value Study 2008, Our Society 2012 and European Social Survey 2012. However, most of the analyses rely exclusively on the more robust dataset of ISSP 2012. When split into the different categories of relationship and educational attainment, the other datasets analyzed did not provide sufficient samples for the necessary analyses. The article builds on the socioeconomic Rational Choice Theory (Becker) and normative theory (Inglehart, Van de Kaa). RCT is primarily applied to the relationship between education and postponing marriage or cohabitation, while normative theory provides a perspective on the effect of education-related values on alternative relationship preferences or the decision never to marry. In the analysis, we first verify whether educational attainment affects an individual’s relationship form (cohabitation vs. marriage). To determine the association between specific variables, we applied the chi-square test of independence (for the education variable recoded into three categories) and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U Test (for the original scale variable). We were unable to confirm an immediate relationship between education and cohabitation in either of the datasets analyzed – the same results were attained when the analysis was replicated on EVS 2008, Our Society March 2012 and ESS 2012 data. The authors suggest two possible interpretations of this finding. First, the perceived difference between long-term cohabitation and marriage is gradually decreasing in the Czech Republic. This argument is supported by the use of the term “de-facto marriage” as an equivalent of cohabitation in the Czech context. The second possible interpretation is based on the effect of factors that motivate both low-education and higher-education individuals to postpone marriage, namely lack of funds among the former and preference of education and career among the latter. In the second part of the analysis, we study the relationship between educational attainment and cohabitation versus living-apart-together relationships. We tested the relationship using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U Test on the original scale education variable. The analysis was performed on unmarried (divorced, widowed or single) individuals who have a partner. A difference was observed in the group of divorced cohabiters, where more educated individuals are less likely to share a household with their partner. In contrast, higher-income single partners are more likely to share a household. However, the relationship with education could not be verified for the latter group. To sum up, the analysis reveals that single (younger) higher-income respondents are more likely to cohabit because they can afford sharing a household with their partner. In contrast, divorced (older) higher-income respondents are more likely to live in single-member households. This finding is primarily associated with respondent age, while education probably only takes effect in older age. In both groups, only the relationship with income, not education, was observed because divorced individuals are older than singles, on average.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public