Comprehensive Arabic LEMmas is a lexicon covering a large list of Arabic lemmas and their corresponding inflected word forms (stems) with details (POS + Root). Each lexical entry represents a lemma followed by all its possible stems and each stem is enriched by its morphological features especially the root and the POS.
It is composed of 164,845 lemmas representing 7,200,918 stems, detailed as follow:
757 Arabic particles
2,464,631 verbal stems
4,735,587 nominal stems
The lexicon is provided as an LMF conformant XML-based file in UTF8 encoding, which represents about 1,22 Gb of data.
Citation:
– Namly Driss, Karim Bouzoubaa, Abdelhamid El Jihad, and Si Lhoussain Aouragh. “Improving Arabic Lemmatization Through a Lemmas Database and a Machine-Learning Technique.” In Recent Advances in NLP: The Case of Arabic Language, pp. 81-100. Springer, Cham, 2020.
CzeDLex 0.5 is a pilot version of a lexicon of Czech discourse connectives. The lexicon contains connectives partially automatically extracted from the Prague Discourse Treebank 2.0 (PDiT 2.0), a large corpus annotated manually with discourse relations. The most frequent entries in the lexicon (covering more than 2/3 of the discourse relations annotated in the PDiT 2.0) have been manually checked, translated to English and supplemented with additional linguistic information.
CzeDLex 0.6 is the second development version of the lexicon of Czech discourse connectives. The lexicon contains connectives partially automatically extracted from the Prague Discourse Treebank 2.0 (PDiT 2.0), a large corpus annotated manually with discourse relations. The most frequent entries in the lexicon (76 out of total 204 entries, covering more than 90% of the discourse relations annotated in PDiT 2.0), have been manually checked, translated to English and supplemented with additional linguistic information.
CzeDLex 0.7 is the third development version of the Lexicon of Czech discourse connectives. The lexicon contains connectives partially automatically extracted from the Prague Discourse Treebank 2.0 (PDiT 2.0) and, as a supplementary resource, the Czech part of the Prague Czech–English Dependency Treebank with discourse annotation projected from the Penn Discourse Treebank 3.0. The most frequent entries in the lexicon (131 out of total 218 entries, covering more than 95% of discourse relations annotated in PDiT 2.0), have been manually checked, translated to English and supplemented with additional linguistic information.
CzeDLex 1.0 is the first production version (the fourth development version) of the Lexicon of Czech discourse connectives. The lexicon contains connectives partially automatically extracted from resources annotated manually with discourse relations: the Prague Discourse Treebank 2.0 (PDiT 2.0) as the primary resource, and two supplementary resources: (i) the Czech part of the Prague Czech–English Dependency Treebank with discourse annotation projected from the Penn Discourse Treebank 3.0, and (ii) a thousand sentences selected from various fiction novels and transcriptions of public speeches. All 200 entries in the lexicon have been manually checked, translated to English and supplemented with additional linguistic information.
CzEngVallex is a bilingual valency lexicon of corresponding Czech and English verbs. It connects 20835 aligned valency frame pairs (verb senses) which are translations of each other, aligning their arguments as well. The CzEngVallex serves as a powerful, real-text-based database of frame-to-frame and subsequently argument-to-argument pairs and can be used for example for machine translation applications. It uses the data from the Prague Czech-English Dependency Treebank project (PCEDT 2.0, http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-097C-0000-0015-8DAF-4) and it also takes advantage of two existing valency lexicons: PDT-Vallex for Czech and EngVallex for English, using the same view of valency (based on the Functional Generative Description theory). The CzEngVallex is available in an XML format in the LINDAT/CLARIN repository, and also in a searchable form (see the “More Apps” tab) interlinked with PDT-Vallex (http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-097C-0000-0023-4338-F),EngVallex (http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-097C-0000-0023-4337-2) and with examples from the PCEDT.
The authors present their respective views on the development of the Czech post-war syntactic studies. Their approach is influenced by the fact that they were educated by the different syntactic schools: thus the paper is a combination of Prague’s and Brno´s views. V. Šmilauer´s Novočeská skladba (Syntax of Modern Czech, 1947) is understood as a source of the contemporary research of the Czech syntax. The paper describes the results reached by individual investigators as well as the results of the research teams. According to the authors´ opinion, Two-Level Valency Syntax (represented by F. Daneš and his close collaborators and reflected in the Czech Academic Grammar) and Functional Generative Grammar (developed by P. Sgall and his colleagues) form the main paradigms of the Czech syntax since 1960. Both theories incorporate the results of the classical Praguian functional approach as well as results of the generative paradigm. The authors conclude that the Prague‘s and Brno´s views on the development of Czech syntactic studies are not incompatible but rather complementary and that the methods of formal and corpus linguistics are attractive and useful for the young researchers.
EngVallex 2.0 as a slightly updated version of EngVallex. It is the English counterpart of the PDT-Vallex valency lexicon, using the same view of valency, valency frames and the description of a surface form of verbal arguments. EngVallex contains links also to PropBank (English predicate-argument lexicon). The EngVallex lexicon is fully linked to the English side of the PCEDT parallel treebank(s), which is in fact the PTB re-annotated using the Prague Dependency Treebank style of annotation. The EngVallex is available in an XML format in our repository, and also in a searchable form with examples from the PCEDT. EngVallex 2.0 is the same dataset as the EngVallex lexicon packaged with the PCEDT 3.0 corpus, but published separately under a more permissive licence, avoiding the need for LDC licence which is tied to PCEDT 3.0 as a whole.
GeCzLex 1.0 is an online electronic resource for translation equivalents of Czech and German discourse connectives. It contains anaphoric connectives for both languages and their possible translations documented in bilingual parallel corpora (not necessarily anaphoric). The entries have been interlinked via semantic annotation of the connectives (taken from monolingual lexicons of connectives CzeDLex and DiMLex) according to the PDTB 3 sense taxonomy and translation possibilities aquired from the Czech and German parallel data of the Intercorp project. The lexicon is the first bilingual inventory of connectives with linkage on the level of individual pairs (connective + discourse sense).
This paper is based on a study which was conducted within the research grant ''Institutions in Life Stories. Multilevel Comparative Analysis of Biographical Narratives of Three Groups of Participants in Czech Society in 20th Century''. The aim of this research was both to describe one possible way of using a corpus to identify relevant differences between three types of text (in this case biographical narratives of three groups of speakers: communist officials, dissidents and so-called common people) and to serve as a basis for further analysis (be it a linguistic, sociological or historical analysis). We tried to point out typical features of the language of each group based on the most frequent expressions (nouns, adjectives etc.) and especially collocations. We also compared the corpus Příběhy (Stories) as a whole with the ORAL2008 corpus of synchronic spoken Czech, the SYN2005 corpus of synchronic written Czech and the Totalita corpus (a corpus of communist propaganda).