Náboženské symboly ve veřejném prostoru evropských zemí představují zdroj intenzivní diskuze o povaze jak veřejného prostoru zemí EU, tak zejména o roli lidských práv v multikulturní společnosti založené na liberálních hodnotách.Probíhající spory o podobu právní úpravy přítomnosti náboženských symbolů znovu nastolují otázky, zdánlivě (vy)řešené sekularizací států, o to, jak definovat a aplikovat hranice a roli náboženství v evropských společnostech v době, kdy jsou historicky stanovené hranice znovu zpochybňovány narůstající mírou náboženské rozmanitosti. Robustnější zbožnost mnoha členů komunit přistěhovalců otevírá v řadě evropských států složité otázky, jak definovat hranice mezi právem, společností a vírou. Tento vývoj, zejména pokusy o přeměnu etablované kulturní normy zdrženlivosti ve veřejném vyjadřování víry v právní závazek zdržet se za určitých okolností náboženského vyzná(vá)ní, představuje
pro evropské právo lidských práv zásadní výzvu. and The presence of religious symbols in the public space of European countries represents a source of intense debates about the nature of public space in the EU countries, and especially about the role of human rights in multicultural societies based on liberal values. The ongoing disputes over
the form of legislation on the presence of religious symbols raise questions on how to define and apply the presence of religion in public debates and on the role of religion in European societies. Robust religiosity of many members of immigrant communities in many European countries raises difficult questions about how to define the boundary between law, society and faith. This development, in particular the attempts at re-defining entrenched cultural norms of restraint in the public expression of faith represents a major challenge for European human rights law,.
In the early 1990s, the Polish city of Przemyśl became known for the tensions existing between Roman Catholic Poles and Greek Catholic Ukrainians. These tensions derived from the indivisible links between nationalism, religion, and politics in southeast Poland. This article analyses how they are tied up in political rituals. The first two rites analysed commemorate the sufferings during the war, and by politicising collective memory they strengthen the sense of mutual antagonism between religious-national groups. The author's key argument is that given the important role religious identification plays in the individual's relationship to the nation, religion is becoming a crucial factor in any form of political change. The author also presents an example of reconciliation and how it is applied to collective memory on the basis of a multinational tradition in a third political ritual. In this case two religious-national groups share a 'multicultural' heritage, derived from their understanding of sharing a common tradition, from the majority's acceptance of the minority, and from the religious experience of reconciliation. Political change in either direction, that is, whether amidst the mobilisation of differences or the promotion of tolerant co-existence, proceeds through rituals, symbolic gestures, and narratives, in which religion and religious experts occupy a dominant or at least secondary role, and this has an effect on how tolerant a society emerges in the region.
The National Report on Multicultural Challenges in Family Law aims to provide an analysis of how multicultural phenomenon understood as a plurality of "ways of life" in society, based e.g. on cultural tradition, ethnic background, custom, religious conviction or sexual orientation, interact with family law. It served as a starting point for a comparative analysis of multicultural challenges in family law in the Civil Law Section of the 20th Congress of International Academy of Comparative Law (AIDC/IACL)., Helena Hofmannová, Karel Řepa., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy