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14. Důvěryhodnost politiků jako sociolingvistický fenomén

Creator:
Jan Chromý and Dufek, Ondřej
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Sociologie, sociologie, sociology, trust, trustworthiness, sociolinguistics, indirect questioning, matched-guise technique, politics, 18, and 316
Language:
Czech
Description:
The article is divided into three main parts. In the first part, an overview of scholarly views on trust/trustworthiness is provided. The second part is concerned with the issue of how the politicians’ trustworthiness is measured by contemporary research agencies. In the third part, the experiment on politicians’ trustworthiness utilizing a new method is reported. This method is based on indirect questioning and it builds on the hypothesis that the more trustworthy a politician is, the more people will agree with his statements and consider them seriously. Four parallel questionnaires were employed. The first questionnaire (N=53) contained 10 short fictitious quotations and subjects were asked to rate them according to their solidness, acceptability, and positivity, and they were asked to say to what extentdid they agree with them. Five of these quotations were used in the next three questionnaires (N=48;47;42) and the names of five Czech politicians (K. Schwarzenberg, A. Vondra, R. John, V. Filip and B. Sobotka) were attached to them. No name was attached to the same quotation twice. Respondents were divided into four independent groups and each group responded to one questionnaire. The independent two-sample t-test was used for the comparison of the ratings and 20 statistically significant results were obtained. This means the method could be one of the keys for a better future understanding of such a complex notion as is the trustworthiness of politicians is., Jan Chromý, Ondřej Dufek., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

15. From a “life in the idea” to a “life in truth”: Patočka and Havel on truth and politics

Creator:
Strandberg, Gustav
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Jan Patočka, Václav Havel, truth, politics, problematicity, and negativity
Language:
Czech
Description:
This article discusses the relationship between Jan Patočka's and Václav Havel's political writings. By specifically focusing on Patočka's concepts a "life in the idea" and a "life in problematicity" and Havel's notion of a "life in truth", it seeks to draw out the differences and similarities between their respective understandings of the relationship between truth and politics. The paper argues that Havel reinterpreted Patočka's ideas in a way, which in the final analysis diverged from Patočka's original intentions. Finally, the article argues that Havel's, in many ways productive, reinterpretation gives rise to a highly problematic conception of ideology and politics since the "prepolitical" form of politics that Havel envisions ultimately tends to naturalize both truth and politics.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

16. Jak se zrodila opoziční smlouva: analýza vzniku jednoho z nejkontroverznějších paktů české politiky

Creator:
Lubomír Kopeček
Format:
print
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
politika, opoziční smlouva, politics, opposition contract, 8, and 93/94
Language:
Czech
Description:
Takzvaná opoziční smlouva, uzavřená v červenci 1998 mezi Občanskou demokratickou stranou pod vedením Václava Klause a Českou stranou sociálnědemokratickou v čele s Milošem Zemanem, patří k nejproblematičtějším a nejspornějším momentům české politiky od konce komunistického režimu. Uzavření smlouvy umožnilo vznik menšinové sociálnědemokratické vlády s garancí hlavní opoziční strany a vytvořilo velmi specifické politické uspořádání. Autor nejprve připomíná hlavní události politického vývoje v zemi od rozpadu Klausova koaličního kabinetu koncem roku 1997 v důsledku skandálu s financováním ODS do předčasných parlamentních voleb v červnu následujícího roku. Poté analyzuje povolební jednání mezi politickými stranami, jež vyústila do podpisu opoziční smlouvy, věnuje pozornost hlavním faktorům, které tato jednání ovlivnily, sleduje roli prezidenta Václava Havla a rozebírá možné alternativy k opoziční smlouvě. Za zcela nereálné označuje vytvoření pravostředové koalice mezi Občanskou demokratickou stranou, Křesťanskodemokratickou unií – Československou stranou lidovou a Unií svobody, které bylo předmětem četných spekulací. Osvětluje také, proč se při vyjednávání ukázaly neprůchodné další dvě uvažované varianty, totiž vláda složená ze sociálních demokratů, lidovců a unionistů, respektive menšinová vláda sociálních demokratů a lidovců s podporou Unie svobody. Vyjednávací strategie obou menších stran podle něj negativně poznamenalo podcenění možnosti dohody mezi občanskými a sociálními demokraty a nadměrné spoléhání na ingerence prezidenta Václava Havla, v případě Unie svobody navíc nejednotnost a váhavost jejího vedení., a1_The so-called ‘opposition agreement’, signed in July 1998 between the Civic Democratic Party led by Václav Klaus and the Czech Social Democratic Party led by Miloš Zeman, has been among the most problematic and contentious factors in Czech politics since the end of the Communist régime in late 1989. The signing of the agreement enabled the emergence of a minority Social Democratic government with a guarantee of support from the main opposition party, and created a very unusual political arrangement. In this article the author first recapitulates the main political events in the Czech Republic from the collapse of Klaus’s coalition government in late 1997, as a result of a scandal concerning Civic Democratic Party funding, to early general elections in June 1998. He then analyzes the post-election negotiations amongst the political parties, which resulted in the signing of the opposition agreement. He pays particular attention to the main factors influencing the talks, considers the role of President Václav Havel, and analyzes possible alternatives to the agreement. He regards as completely unrealistic the formation of the centre-right coalition of the Civic Democratic Party, the Christian Democratic Union–Czechoslovak Populist Party, and the Freedom Union; this coalition was the subject of much speculation. He also explains why the two other variants under consideration – namely, a government of Social Democrats, Populist Party members, and Freedom Union members and a minority government of Social Democrats and Populist Party members with the support of the Freedom Union – turned out during the talks to be unworkable., a2_The negotiating strategy of the two minority parties, in the author’s view, was negatively influenced by underestimating the possibility of an agreement between the Civic Democrats and the Social Democrats and excessive reliance on interventions by President Havel, and the lack of unity of the Freedom Union and the wavering of its leaders., and Lubomír Kopeček.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

19. Klasická psychoanalýza a politika

Creator:
Marek Loužek
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Společenské vědy, výzkum veřejného mínění, public opinion polls, psychoanalysis, politics, Frankfurt School, Sigmund Freud, Carl Gustav Jung, Erich Fromm, Herbert Marcuse, 18, and 3
Language:
Czech
Description:
Psychoanalytický výklad politiky není zdaleka výjimečný. Poměrně populární jsou sychoanalytické výklady života a činnosti velkých politických vůdců – viz Valenty, Feldman [2001] či Post [2003]. V praktické politické činnosti pak někteří psychoanalytici vidí sublimaci sexuálních pudů (freudisté), kompenzaci komplexu méněcennosti (adlerovci), projev určitých kolektivních mýtů (jungovci) apod. Cílem příspěvku je prozkoumat možnost aplikace psychoanalýzy pro výklad politických fenoménů blíže., Classical Psychoanalysis and Politics. The article is concerned with psychoanalysis and its application to politics. First part focuses on social thinking of Sigmund Freud. Second part examines political insights of Carl Gustav Jung. Third part examines the social theory of Erich Fromm. Forth part calls attention to political opinions of Herbert Marcuse. The article highlights a traditional Freudian approach to society and politics., and Marek Loužek.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public