Ageing is process that is always gendered. Gender shapes the life biography and the norms and expectations that are imposed on individuals as they age. On the other hand, the experience of ageing affects the mechanism of creating and negotiating gender identity. This article critically discusses debates surrounding gender inequalities in old age. These debates often focus on older women as a group that is highly disadvantaged owing to the combined effects of sexism and ageism. This article critically discusses this “problem of old women” and shows alternative views of women’s experiences of ageing. It highlights the necessity to understand age and gender as two intertwining systems. It points out that ageing can in many respects create room for a redefinition of gender roles and expectation. The intersection of age and gender cannot be seen as a simple combination of two categories and must instead be viewed as a process that creates a specific social location, which can generate new forms of inequalities., Jaroslava Hasmanová Marhánková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Víno pijeme nejméně 10 000 let nebo déle, v našem regionu již od doby keltské a germánské. Pokus používat víno k léčbě začíná v dávnověku, avšak teprve v současné době byl prokázán jeho příznivý účinek v prevenci infarktu myokardu, cévní mozkové příhody, diabetes mellitus a hypertenze. Pití velmi dobře působí také v pokročilém věku. Nejlepší účinky má každodenní pití při večeři, u mužů 20–40 g alkoholu, u žen polovina této dávky., We have been drinking wine at least for 10 000 years or longer, in our region already from Celtic and Germanic times. Favorable effects on prevention of myocardial infarction, stroke, diabetes and hypertension were demonstrated recently, following attempts to use alcohol for treatment in ancient times. Favorable effects of wine drinking could be seen also in aging population. The best results for men are reached by daily drinking of 20–40 g alcohol at dinner. A moderate dose for women represents half of the dose for men., Milan Šamánek, Zuzana Urbanová, and Literatura 2
The aim of this study is to find out which characteristics affect the age identity of individuals. The main question is: What determines whether the people in the Czech Republic find themselves young, middle aged or old? Two alternative hypotheses were tested: a) the age identity is mainly influenced by person's family and working roles; b) the age identity is primarily a function of person’s chronological age and his health. While the second hypothesis understands the age identity as an ordinal variable, the first hypothesis views values of youth, middle age and old age as three different nominal constructs. The question is answered by analysis of quantitative data from European Social Survey Round 4. The sample contains 1864 respondents aged 20-95. Author uses binary logistic regression to find models for adopting age identities in different age categories. The second hypothesis of age identity being primarily an effect of age and health is proved. The influence of some family and working roles on age identity are, however, also discussed., Romana Trusinová., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy