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6201. Expozice výroby lyží v Horáckém muzeu v Novém Městě na Moravě /

Creator:
Pernes, Jiří,
Type:
text and články
Subject:
Muzea. Muzeologie. Muzejnictví. Výstavy, expozice muzejní, sport, lyžování, lyže, výroba lyží, české a československé výstavy, česká a československá muzea, galerie, expozice, přehledná zpracování dějin českých zemí (chronologicky), and průmysl, manufaktury, hornictví, pivovary
Language:
Czech
Description:
Expozice, od počátku roku 1978.
Rights:
unknown

6206. Expression of aquaporin 1, 5 and 9 in ovarian follicles of cycling and early pregnant pigs

Creator:
Skowronska, A., Mlotkowska, P., Eliszewski, M., Nielsen, S., and Skowronski, M. T.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, vaječníky, prasata, ovaries, pigs, aquaporins, protein expression, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Aquaporins (AQPs) are water channel proteins responsible for water homeostasis and important for proper functioning of all body systems, including reproductive structures. This study was designed to determine their localization and quantitative changes in the pig ovary during different stages of the estrous cycle and early pregnancy. The expression of AQP 1, 5 and 9 proteins was determined by immunocytochemistry and Western blot analyses. AQP1 was found in the plasma membranes of capillary endothelium, AQP5 - in the plasma membranes of granulosa cells of developing follicles and flattened follicle cells of the primordial follicles, and AQP9 - in granulosa cells of the developing follicles. In the cyclic pigs, the expression of AQP1 and 5 proteins was the highest on Days 18-20, but did not change significantly between Days 2-4, 10-12 and 14-16 of the cycle. In pregnant pigs (Days 14-16 and 30-32), the expression of AQP1 and 5 did not change and was similar to that observed during Days 10-12 and 14-16. In turn, AQP9 expression did not change between all studied periods. In conclusion, studied AQP are localized in different cells populations, the endothelial and granulosa cells, and AQP1 and 5 seem to be crucial for follicular development in pigs., A. Skowronska, P. Mlotkowska, M. Eliszewski, S. Nielsen, M. T. Skowronski., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

6207. Expression of cytochrome P450 CYP6B6 in the different developmental stages of the insect Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Creator:
Zhang, Xuetao, Yuan, Dan, Ding, Li, Li, Pan, Li, Fen, and Liu, Xiaoning
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, zoologie, entomologie, Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Helicoverpa armigera, developmental stage, CYP6B6 expression, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
In order to determine when during the development of H. armigera CYP6B6 is expressed, we measured the width of the head capsule, the length of the body and weight of the different life stages of the cotton bollworm reared under laboratory condition. The larvae took about 20 d to complete their development under these conditions, the pre-pupae about 4 d, pupae about 9 d, and the adults lived for about 9 d and the eggs took about 4 d to hatch. Knowing this it was possible to determine the pattern of cytochrome P450 CYP6B6 expression at different stages in the life cycle of H. armigera using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The CYP6B6 gene was expressed in all the developmental stages of the cotton bollworm. The results indicate that the level of expression was lower in the egg, pre-pupal, pupal and adult stages than in larvae. The level of expression of CYP6B6 decreased from the 1st to the 3rd instar larva, with the lowest level recorded in the 3rd instar larvae and then increased reaching its highest value in 6th instar larvae. A similar trend in the expression of CYP6B6 was detected using immunohistochemistry. As the results show, more efficient control of the cotton bollworm can be achieved if insecticides are applied when the larvae of H. armiger are in the 3rd instar, because at that stage the eat little food and there is a low level of detoxifying enzymes in the larvae., Xuetao Zhang ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

6208. Expression of estrogen receptor α and β in rat astrocytes in primary culture: effects of hypoxia and glucose deprivation

Creator:
Al-Bader, M. D., Malatiali, S. A., and Redzic, Z. B.
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, hypoxie, ischemie, mozek, hypoxia, ischemia, brain, astrocytes, estrogen receptor, glucose deprivation, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Estrogen replacement therapy could play a role in the reduction of injury associated with cerebral ischemia in vivo, which could be, at least partially, a consequence of estrogen influence of glutamate buffering by astrocytes during hypoxia/ischemia. Estrogen exerts biological effects through interaction with its two receptors: estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), which are both expressed in astrocytes. This study explored effects of hypoxia and glucose deprivation (HGD), alone or followed by 1 h recovery, on ERα and ERβ expression in primary rat astrocyte cultures following 1 h exposure to: a) 5 % CO2 in air (control group-CG); b) 2 % O2/5 % CO2 in N2 with glucose deprivation (HGD group-HGDG); or c) the HGDG protocol followed by 1 h CG protocol (recovery group-RG). ER α mRNA expression decreased in HGDG. At the protein level, full-length ER α (67 kDa) and three ER α -immunoreactive protein bands (63, 60 and 52 kDa) were detected. A significant decrease in the 52 kDa band was seen in HGDG, wh ile a significant decrease in expression of the full length ERα was seen in the RG. ERβ mRNA and protein expression (a 54 kDa single band) did not change. The observed decrease in ER α protein may limit estrogen-mediated signalling in astrocytes during hypoxia and recovery., M. D. Al-Bader, S. A. Malatiali, Z. B. Redzic., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

6209. Expression of glucocorticoid receptors in the regenerating human skeletal muscle

Creator:
Filipović, D., Pirkmajer, S., Mis, K., Mars, T., and Grubic, Z.
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, glukokortikoidy, stres (fyziologie), glucocorticoids, stress (physiology), myoblasts, myotubes, glucocorticoid receptors, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Many stress conditions are ac companied by skeletal muscle dysfunction and regeneration, which is essentially a recapitulation of the embryonic development. However, regeneration usually occurs under conditions of hypo thalamus-pituitary -adrenal gland axis activation and therefore incr eased glucocorticoid (GC) levels. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR), the main determinant of cellular responsiveness to GCs, exists in two isoforms (GRα and GRβ ) in humans. While the role of GR α is well characterized, GRβ remains an elusive player in GC si gnalling. To elucidate basic characteristics of GC signalling in the regenerating human skeletal muscle we assessed GRα and GCβ expression pattern in cultured human myoblasts and myotubes and their response to 24-hour dexamethasone (DEX) treatment. There was no difference in GRα mRNA and protein expression or DEX-mediated GRα down-regulation in myoblasts and myotubes. GRβ mRNA level was very low in myoblasts and remained unaffected by differentiation and/or DEX. GRβ protein could not be detected. These results indicate that response to GCs is established very early during human skeletal muscle regeneration and that it remains practically unchanged before innervation is established. Very low GRβ mRNA expression and inability to detect GRβ protein suggests that GRβ is not a major player in the early stages of human skeletal muscle regeneration., D. Filipović ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

6210. Expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in skeletal muscle of plateau animals in response to hypoxic stress

Creator:
Xie, H.-C., He, J.-P., Zhu, J.-F., and Li, J.-G.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, svaly, stres (fyziologie), muscles, stress (physiology), HIF-1α, VEGF, skeletal muscle, hypoxic stress, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) transcriptionally regulates expression of several target genes in protecting tissues against hypoxia. With hypoxic stress, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a signal protein produced by cells and further contributes to improvement of vascular functions and restoring the oxygen supply to tissues. In this current study, we first hypothesized that the protein levels of HIF-1α and VEGF are reduced in skeletal muscles of plateau animals [China Qinghai- Tibetan plateau pikas (ochotona curzoniae)] in response to hypoxia as compared with control animals [normal lowland Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats]. We further hypothesized that HIF-1α plays a role in regulating expression of VEGF in skeletal muscle. Note that HIF-1α and VEGF were determined by using two-site immunoenzymatic assay (ELISA) methods. Our results demonstrated that hypoxic stress induced by exposure of lower O2 (6 h) significantly increased the levels of HIF-1α and VEGF in the oxidative and glycolytic muscles of SD rats and pikas (P<0.05 vs. normoxic conditions). Notably, the increases in HIF-1α and VEGF were significantly less in pikas (P<0.05, vs. SD controls) than in SD rats. In addition, a linear relationship was observed between amplified HIF-1α and VEGF in oxidative muscle (r=0.76 and P<0.01) and glycolytic muscle (r=0.72 and P<0.01) and inhibiting HIF-1α significantly decreased expression of VEGF induced by hypoxic stress in skeletal muscles (P<0.05). Overall, our findings suggest that (1) responsiveness of HIF-1α and VEGF in skeletal muscles to hypoxic stress is blunted in plateau animals, and (2) HIF-1α has a regulatory effect on VEGF under hypoxic environment., H.-C. Xie, J.-P. He, J.-F. Zhu, J.-G. Li., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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