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1972. Autism spectrum disorder is associated with autonomic underarousal
- Creator:
- Bujnakova, I., Ondrejka, I., Mestanik, M., Visnovcova, Z. , Mestanikova, A., Hrtanek, I., Fleskova, D., Calkovska, A., and Tonhajzerova, I.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Autism spectrum disorder, Autonomic nervous system, Heart rate variability, and Electrodermal activity
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder, associated with autonomic dysregulation. However, the pathomechanism leading to autonomic abnormalities is still unclear. The aim of this study was to assess autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity during baseline in homogenous group of autistic children using electrodermal activity (EDA), as an index of sympathetic activity and short -term heart rate variability (HRV) reflecting predominantly cardiac vagal control. Fifteen ASD boys and 15 healthy age-matched boys at the age of 7-15 years were examined. The continuous EDA and ECG were recorded during resting phase in a supine position. Evaluated parameters: EDA amplitude (μS), RR interval, spectral power, peak frequency and power spectral density in low (LF-HRV: 0.04-0.15 Hz) and high-frequency (HF-HRV: 0.15-0.4 Hz) bands of HRV spectral analysis. In ASD group we found significantly shortened RR intervals (729±20ms vs. 843±30 ms, p=0.005), lower mean EDA (0.66±0.13 μS vs. 1.66±0.42 μS, p=0.033), reduced spectral activity and power spectral density in HF-HRV compared to controls (2.93±0.12 ms2 vs. 3.38±0.10 ms2, p=0.01; 4.12±0.10 ms2/Hz vs. 4.56±0.11 ms2/Hz, p=0.008, respectively). We suggested that impairment in resting autonomic regulation associated with ASD could represent an important pathomechanism leading to potential cardiovascular complications in ASD.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1973. Autismus – výměnný obrázkový komunikační systém
- Creator:
- Marková, Kamila and Jedlinská, Martina
- Format:
- braille, electronic resource, remote, and elektronický zdroj
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, statistics, kresby, and TEXT
- Subject:
- autistická porucha--psychologie, komunikace, pomůcky pro komunikaci postižených--psychologie--statistika a číselné údaje--využití, průzkumy a dotazníky, statistika jako téma, školy--pracovní síly, výuka - hodnocení, studenti--psychologie, poruchy autistického spektra (PAS), intervence u autismu, and komunikační systémy
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Cíl: Výměnný obrázkový komunikační systém (VOKS) je na podmínky České republiky (ČR) modifi kovaná metoda vycházející z komunikačního systému PECS (The picture exchange communication system), který byl vytvořen v Chicagu v USA. Výzkum měl za cíl zmapovat spokojenost uživatelů s touto metodou, zhodnotit obtížnost osvojení metody VOKS a zmapovat dodržování doporučených postupů. Uživatelem autoři rozumí, pracovníka, který využívá metodu VOKS při komunikaci s klienty s PAS. Ve výzkumné části jsou prezentovány výsledky šetření, které se uskutečnilo v pěti vybraných speciálních zařízení a čtyřech školách na území celé ČR. Metody: Výzkumné šetření proběhlo v období od září 2010 do prosince 2010. Byl vytvořen dotazník vlastní konstrukce, který obsahoval 24 otázek. Kritériem pro zařazení respondentů do výzkumu, byla práce s metodou VOKS v zaměstnání, které respondenti aktuálně vykonávali. Výzkumný soubor tvořil 54 respondentů. Výsledky: Analýzou výsledků bylo zjištěno, že většina respondentů je spokojena s metodou VOKS. Rozdíly jsou patrné v době osvojení metody VOKS v praxi. Na tomto konkrétním vzorku respondentů se nepodařilo určit obecně platný čas potřebný k osvojení metody VOKS. Jako problematické se jeví i přesné dodržování postupů. Hlavními důvody nedostatečného dodržování postupů v praxi je potřeba individuálního přizpůsobení klientovi, nedostatek personálu a nedostatek času na nácvik. Velkým problémem je aplikace metody v době dovolených proškoleného personálu. Závěr: Výzkum naznačil, že metoda VOKS se prozatím, z pohledu individuálního hodnocení respondentů, jeví jako vhodná pro komunikaci s klienty s různorodými poruchami řeči. Metoda VOKS může přispět pracovníkům ve speciálních zařízeních ke zkvalitňování ošetřovatelské péče a k lepšímu uspokojování potřeb klienta., Aims: Czech picture exchange communication system called VOKS is a modifi ed method of communication system PECS (Picture Exchange Communication System) which was created in Chicago in the USA. The research aim was to assess user satisfaction with this method, to evaluate diffi culties with acquiring the VOKS methods and to map compliance with recommended practice. A “user” is understood as somebody who uses VOKS method to communicate with clients suff ering from ASD. The research section presents results of the survey which took place in selected fi ve specialised facilities and four schools all over the Czech Republic. Methods: The survey covered the period from September 2010 to December 2010. We designed our own questionnaire which contained 24 questions. The criterion for inclusion of respondents in the research was current professional working experience with the VOKS method. The research sample consisted of 54 respondents. Results: The results of the analysis revealed that most respondents are satisfi ed with the VOKS methods. Differences are evident in the time when they adopted VOKS methods in practice. With this particular sample of respondents the time necessary to master the VOKS method could not be established. Accurate compliance with recommended procedures proved to be problematic. The main reason for poor compliance with the procedures in practice is the necessity to adapt it for an individual client, staff shortages and insuffi cient time for training. A major problem is the application of the method when the trained staff is on holiday. Conclusion: The research indicates that for the time being the respondents consider the VOKS method to be a suitable method for communicating with clients with a variety of speech disorders. VOKS method can help workers in special facilities to improve nursing care and to better meet clients’ needs., Kamila Marková, Martina Jedlinská, and Literatura 9
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1974. Autisté nedbají na sociální reputaci
- Creator:
- Kubásek, JIří
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1975. Autisté nedbají na sociální reputaci: Ad Vesmír 91, 191, 2012/4
- Creator:
- Jelínková, Veronika and Kubásek, Jiří
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1976. Autoarchivace v portálu Medvik – nová služba NLK
- Creator:
- Maixnerová, Lenka
- Format:
- braille, text, and regular print
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, and TEXT
- Subject:
- digitální knihovny, knihovnické služby, licence, lékařské knihovny, and autoarchivace
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Lenka Maixnerová and Literatura
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1977. Autobiografie v dalitské literatuře jižní Indie
- Creator:
- Blecha, Vlastimil
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1978. Autocrine effects of visfatin on hepatocyte sensitivity to insulin action
- Creator:
- Vojtěch Škop, Kontrová, K., Václav Zídek, Michal Pravenec, Ludmila Kazdová, Mikulík, K., Jiří Sajdok, and Jarmila Zídková
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, inzulinová rezistence, RNA interference, insulin resistance, visfatin, fao hepatocytes, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Visfatin was originally described as an adipokine with insulin mimetic effects. Recently, it was found that visfatin is identical with the Nampt (nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase) gene that codes for an intra- and extracellular NAD biosynthetic enzyme and is predominantly expressed outside the adipose tissue. In the current study, we found strong protein and mRNA expression of visfatin in rat heart, liver, kidney, and muscle, while the expression of visfatin in visceral fat was significantly lower and undetectable in subcutaneous fat. The insulin-mimetic effects of visfatin (extracellular form of Nampt or eNampt) are controversial and even less is known about autocrine effects of visfatin (intracellular form of Nampt or iNampt). Since liver plays a major role in glucose metabolism, we studied visfatin effects on insulin-stimulated cellular glucose uptake in Fao rat hepatocytes using RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi-mediated downregulation of visfatin expression in Fao cells was associated with significantly reduced NAD biosynthesis (0.3±0.01 vs. 0.5±0.01 mmol/h/g, P<0.05) and with significantly decreased incremental glucose uptake after stimulation with insulin when compared to controls with normal expression of visfatin (0.6±0.2 vs. 2.2±0.5 nnmol/g/2 h, P=0.02). These results provide evidence that visfatin exhibits important autocrine effects on sensitivity of liver cells to insulin action possibly through its effects on NAD biosynthesis., V. Škop ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1979. Autodidaktický test
- Format:
- 334
- Type:
- model:article, article, and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1980. Autodidaktický test
- Format:
- 121-122
- Type:
- model:article, article, and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public