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29372. Vitamin D and thyroid diseases

Creator:
Karel Vondra, Luboslav Stárka, and Richard Hampl
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, vitamin D, nemoci štítné žlázy, autoimunita, rakovina štítné žlázy, thyroid diseases, autoimmunity, thyroid cancer, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
In this review we summarize recent opinions on the possible role of vitamin D in the risk of thyroid diseases development. It may be concluded from the available data that vitamin D deficiency, particularly levels below 12.5 ng/ml should be considered as an additional, but important risk factor for development of thyroid autoimmunity, both chronic autoimmune thyroiditis and Graves´ disease. A higher risk of Graves´ disease development is also associated with several polymorphisms in the gene encoding for vitamin D binding protein and for the specific receptor of active form of vitamin D - 1,25-(OH)2D3 in the respective target cells. Important for development of thyroid cancer appeared polymorphisms of genes encoding for vitamin D receptors and of genes encoding for the participating hydroxylating enzymes in thyroid tissue, leading to a diminished local 1,25-(OH)2D3 formation capacity with following alteration of antiproliferatory, antiapoptotic and prodifferentiating efficacy of the latter. Whether supplementation with high doses of vitamin D or its analogues possesses preventive or therapeutic effect is an object of intensive studies., K. Vondra, L. Stárka, R. Hampl., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

29373. Vitamin D in anxiety and affective disorders

Creator:
Marie Bičíková, Michaela Dušková, Vítků, J., Božena Kalvachová, Daniela Řípová, Pavel Mohr, and Luboslav Stárka
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, deprese, úzkost, parathormon, depression, anxiety, parathormone, calcidiol, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Reduced levels of vitamin or its metabolites have been reported in various psychiatric disorders. Insufficient levels of vitamin D in depressive patients have been confirmed by many authors, but there have been conflicting results in subjects with anxiety disorders. In the present cross-sectional study, levels of calcidiol were determined in groups of depressive men and women and in men and women with anxiety disorders and compared with age matched controls. Significantly lower levels of calcidiol were found in men and women with depression as well as in age matched patients with anxiety disorders., M. Bičíková, M. Dušková, J. Vítků, B. Kalvachová, D. Řípová, P. Mohr, L. Stárka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

29374. Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms, Bone Mineral Density and Bone Turnover: FokI Genotype is Related to Postmenopausal Bone Mass

Creator:
Kateřina Zajíčková, Ivana Žofková, Radvan Bahbouh, and Anna Křepelová
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, Vitamin D receptor gene, FokI polymorphism, Bone mineral density, Bone remodeling, Postmenopausal women, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The relationship between vitamin D receptor (VDR) intragenic polymorphisms FokI, BsmI, ApaI and TaqI and bone mineral density (BMD) or biochemical markers of bone remodeling were investigated in 114 Czech postmenopausal women, on the average 62.5±8.9 years of age. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms in the VDR gene were assessed by PCR amplification and digestion with restriction enzymes FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI recognizing polymorphic sites in the VDR locus. Bone mineral density was measured at the lumbar spine and at the hip by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA, g/cm2). After adjusting for age and the body mass index (BMI), subjects with the ff genotype had 9.4 % lower BMD at the hip than those with the Ff genotype (p=0.0459, Tukey´s test). FF individuals had an intermediate BMD at the hip. A similar pattern of lower lumbar spine BMD was also found in ff individuals, but it did not reach statistical significance. There was no relationship between BsmI, ApaI and TaqI VDR polymorphisms and BMD at any skeletal site. Subjects with Aa (ApaI) genotypes had higher levels of propeptide of type I collagen (PICP) than homozygous AA (p=0.0459, Tukey´s test). In FokI, BsmI and TaqI restriction sites the biochemical markers of bone remodeling did not differ by genotype. In addition, no significant difference was observed in VDR genotypic distribution between osteoporotic women and non-osteoporotic controls in the study group. To conclude, the FokI genotype of the vitamin D receptor gene is related to bone mass at the hip in Czech postmenopausal women, whereas the importance of remaining VDR genotypes was not evident., K. Zajíčková, I. Žofková, R. Bahbouh, A. Křepelová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

29375. Vitamin D supplementation changed relationships, not levels of metabolic-hormonal parameters in autoimmune thyroiditis

Creator:
Karel Vondra, Radovan Bílek, Petr Matucha, Salátová, M., Vosátková, M., Luboslav Stárka, and Richard Hampl
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, vitamin D, vitamin D deficiency, autoimmune thyroiditis, supplementation of vitamin D, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
In women with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis and vitamin D deficiency we have found reference levels of relevant metabolichormonal parameters except for parathormone and total calcium. Three months supplementation with vitamin D (4300 IU/day, cholekalciferol) did not lead to significant changes of investigated hormonal parameters, while the levels of parathormone and calcium reached normal levels. However, a correlation analysis revealed marked changes in mutual relations. First, an inverse correlation of vitamin D with parathormone, insulin secretion (C peptide, insulin) and its efficiency (HOMA IR) disappeared. Relationships of vitamin D to hepatic insulin resistance (insulin/C peptide), to DHEA (both negative), and to DHEAS/DHEA ratio (positive) were newly found. Second, a positive correlation of CRP with insulin secretion remained, while its relation to insulin efficiency (HOMA IR, insulin/ C peptide) was newly observed. Analogical positive correlations appeared also among anti TPO and insulinemia, insulin/C peptide, HOMA IR, and anti Tg to C peptide. A relationship of the CRP with anti TPO became significant (+). Third, out of glucose metabolism parameters only insulin/C peptide and glycemia did not correlate with vitamin D during its deficiency, while after supplementation insulin/ C peptide alone correlated positively with both DHEAS and DHEA, and negatively with vitamin D., K. Vondra, R. Bílek, P. Matucha, M. Salátová, M. Vosátková, L. Stárka, R. Hampl., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

29377. Vitamin D, neurosteroids and autism

Creator:
Ludmila Máčová, Marie Bičíková, Daniela Ostatníková, Hill, M., and Luboslav Stárka
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, vitamin D, autismus, autoimunita, autism, autoimmunity, neurosteroids, ASD, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Vitamin D had been for a long time investigated for its effects on bone metabolism. Recently has been observed that the incidence of some neurodevelopmental disorders (including autism) increases hand in hand with vitamin D deficiency. Indeed, vitamin D was reported to modulate the biosynthesis of neurotransmitters and neurotrophic factors; moreover, its receptor was found in the central nervous system. Vitamin D deficiency was therefore assessed as a risk factor for autism, however the biological mechanism has not yet been revealed. In our review we focused on potential connections among vitamin D, steroids and autism. Potential mechanisms of vitamin D action are also discussed., L. Máčová, M. Bičíková, D. Ostatníková, M. Hill, L. Stárka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

29378. Vitamins and brain development

Creator:
Ramakrishna, T.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, ontogeneze, mozek, malnutrice, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin C, kyselina listová, ontogeny, brain, malnutrition, folic acid, neurogenesis, behavior, vitamin B, thiamine, pyridoxine, ribovlafin, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
T. Ramakrishna. and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

29379. Vitaminy a mikroelementy ve stáří

Creator:
Zadák, Zdeněk
Type:
model:article, article, Text, and TEXT
Subject:
staří, nutriční stav, stopové prvky--APLIKACE A DÁVKOVÁNÍ, mikroživiny--APLIKACE A DÁVKOVÁNÍ, vitaminy--APLIKACE A DÁVKOVÁNÍ, and lidé
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
Suplementace přiměřenými dávkami vitaminů a stopových prvků je zcela nezbytná k prevenci rozvoje karenčních stavů. Nepřiměřený přívod může vést k závažným jevům (poruchy metabolismu, poškození volnými radikály, zpomalená reparace tkání atd.). Odpovídající příjem vitaminů je nutný jak u běžné populace, tak u rizikových skupin (děti, starší věkové skupiny) a u vážně nemocných, hospitalizovaných pacientů se zvýšenou spotřebou proteinů a energie. Všechny mikronutrientý (s výjimkou některých ve vodě rozpustných vitaminů) mohou být při vysokém příjmu toxické a neměly by být užívány bez indikace., Provision of adequate amounts of vitamins and trace elements is indispensable for prevention of clinical deficiency states and simultaneously inadequate supply may lead to the important effects (metabolic disturbances, free radical damage, insufficient repair of tissue etc.). Adequate intake of vitamins and trace elements is necessary in general healthy population as well as in groups at the risk (elderly individuals, children) and in seriously ill patients in hospital with increased requirements for protein and energy. All essential micronutrients (except of the some water soluble vitamins) could be toxic at high levels of intake and patients or healthy subjects should not take nutrient supplements unless they are clinically indicated., Zdeněk Zadák, Lit: 8, and Souhrn: eng
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

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