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752. Tendency and consequences of superparasitism for the parasitoid Ooencyrtus pityocampae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in parasitizing a new laboratory host, Philosamia ricini (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)

Creator:
Tunca, Hilal, Buradino, Maurane, Colombel Etty-Ambre, and Tabone, Elisabeth
Format:
print, počítač, and online zdroj
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, blanokřídlí, motýli, Hymenoptera, butterflies, Encyrtidae, Ooencyrtus pityocampae, Lepidoptera, Saturniidae, Philosamia ricini, self-superparasitism, host density, female age, offspring fitness, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
The tendency for self-superparasitism and it's effects on the quality of the parasitoid Ooencyrtus pityocampae (Mercet) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in parasitizing a new laboratory host, Philosamia ricini (Danovan) (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), were investigated. In this study, female parasitoids of various ages (1-, 3- and 5-day-old) were tested individually. Parasitoids were provided with 1-day-old P. ricini eggs at ratios of 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 host eggs per wasp. The tendency to superparasitize was dependent on the female's age and host density. Five-day-old females showed a strong tendency to superparasitize at low host densities. The development time of wasps in superparasitized eggs was longer than that of wasps in singly parasitized eggs. The size and longevity of adult parasitoids decreased significantly with superparasitism. This work contributes to the development of an efficient mass rearing and laboratory rearing of the parasitoid O. pityocampae using a new host., Hilal Tunca, Maurane Buradino, Etty-Ambre Colombel, Elisabeth Tabone., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

754. Terapeutický potenciál filozofie (Dôvody opätovného záujmu)

Creator:
Andrej Démuth
Type:
article, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Filozofie, filozofie, philosophy, therapy, interdisciplinarity, practice, counselling, 5, and 101
Language:
Czech
Description:
In this study we concentrate on the reasons for the focus on the therapeutical potential of philosophy in the current period. Among the key causes of the renewed and growing interest in the therapeutical perception of philosophy we give special weight to opportunities stemming from the development of interdisciplinarity and the ever-closer relations of philosophy with certain therapeutical approaches, as well as the confrontation of philosophy with socio-economic and utilitarian pressures in society and the problematising of the task and justification of philosophy in the context of other scientific enterprises. In the study we attempt to indicate some therapeutical aspects of philosophy and philosophising (such as the satisfying function of knowledge, the satisfying aspect of caring about and sharing problems with others, together with the need for the practical application of the findings and the practical aspect of wisdom), which predispose philosophy to the development of its therapeutical potential of philosophy as therapy by thought., Andrej Démuth., and Obsahuje poznámky a bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

755. Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera) ovipositing in old galls of Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)

Creator:
Cerasa, Giuliano and Massa, Bruno
Format:
print, počítač, and online zdroj
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, blanokřídlí, rovnokřídlí, kobylkovití, biologie, Hymenoptera, Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, biology, Itálie, Italy, Cynipidae, gall-successor, bush-crickets, oviposition, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
This paper presents biological notes on two species of Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae that emerged from old spongy-woody galls of Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu, 1951 collected in Sicily (Italy) in April 2015: Leptophyes sicula Kleukers, Odé et Fontana, 2010 (Phaneropterinae) and Cyrtaspis scutata (Charpentier, 1825) (Meconematinae). Between the end of April and the first few days of May a total of 30 neanids emerged from the galls, were reared and their life-cycle recorded. While L. sicula laid eggs in groups, C. scutata laid single eggs inside the galls; both species in a few years have adapted to exploiting this new shelter for egg laying. No interaction with the gall inducing insect was noted., Giuliano Cerasa, Bruno Massa., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

756. Thalétova matematika v zrkadle Galileovej fyziky

Creator:
Ladislav Kvasz
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Filozofie, Thalés, asi 624 př. Kr.-asi 548 př. Kr, filozofie, matematika, geometrie, philosophy, mathematics, geometry, the birth of mathematics, ancient geometry, idealization, 5, and 101
Language:
Czech
Description:
The aim of this article is to sketch a certain method of indirect reconstruction of the process by which mathematics as a deductive discipline emerged in ancient Greece. We try out this method in a reconstruction of Thales' mathematics, but the main aim for which this method has been developed is the work of Pythagoras. We consider the process of the emergence of mathematics as a process of the constitution of a new language in the framework of which one can carry out deductive proofs. Therefore we base the method of indirect reconstruction of the emergence of mathematics on the theoretical findings in the book L. Kvasz: Vedecká revolúcia ako lingvistická událosť (The Scientific Revolution as a linguistic event, Prague, Filosofia 2013)., Ladislav Kvasz., and Obsahuje poznámky a bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

757. The Boundaries of Musical Humanism: Slavic Regions & Mediterranean Culture

Creator:
Jan Baťa
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
2011-2020, dějiny hudby, hudební konference, muzikologie, conferences on music, history of music, musicology, Dubrovník (Chorvatsko), Croatia, 78.01, 78:005.745, 78(091), and (046)
Language:
Czech
Description:
Příspěvek Jana Bati je zprávou o mezinárodní muzikologické konferenci, která se uskutečnila v chorvatském Dubrovníku ve dnech 26. až 28. března 2012., Jan Baťa., Rubrika: Konference, and Cizojazyčné resumé není.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

758. The cabbage moth or the sorrel moth (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)?

Creator:
Harvey, Jeffrey A., Hengeveld, Eke, and Malcicka, Miriama
Format:
print, počítač, and online zdroj
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, motýli, můrovití, kapusta, butterflies, Noctuidae, cabbage, Lepidoptera, Mamestra brassicae, Brassica oleracea, Rumex acetosa, development, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
When insect herbivores develop over many generations on the same plant species, their descendants may evolve physiological adaptations that enable them to develop more successfully on that plant species than naïve conspecifics. Here, we compared development of wild and lab-reared caterpillars of the cabbage moth, Mamestra brassicae, on a cultivar of cabbage Brassica oleracea (cv. Cyrus) and on a wild plant species, sorrel, Rumex acetosa, on which the wild strain had been collected and reared for two earlier consecutive generations. The lab strain had been reared on the same cabbage cultivar for more than 20 years representing > 200 generations. Survival to adult did not vary with strain or plant species. Both strains, however, developed significantly faster when reared on R. acetosa than B. oleracea. Pupae from the field strain were larger when reared on B. oleracea than on R. acetosa, whereas the identity of the plant species did not matter for the lab strain. Our results show that long-term rearing history on cabbage had little or no effect on M. brassicae performance, suggesting that some generalist herbivores can readily exploit novel plants that may be chemically very different from those on which they have long been intimately associated., Jeffrey A. Harvey, Eke Hengeveld, Miriama Malcicka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

759. The causes of mining induced ground steps occurence: case study from Upper Silesia in Poland

Creator:
Strzałkowski, Piotr and Ścigałan, Roman
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Geologie. Meteorologie. Klimatologie, hornictví, mining, hornoslezská pánev (Česko a Polsko), post-mining discontinuous deformations, ground steps, predictions of post-mining deformations, 7, and 551
Language:
English
Description:
The case study of a ground steps creation due to underground mining in Upper Silesia Basin, where for many years was conducted intensive hard coal extraction has been presented in this paper. This type of linear discontinuous deformations is considered as an important threat to the surface building constructions and elements of underground technical infrastructure. This threat is even more important, that presently still we do not have methods for predictions of such phenomena, and protection of building constructions against such damages is difficult, if not impossible. On the basis of the analyzes results shown in the paper, the following factors were pointed, that favor the formation of mining-induced ground steps: the presence of fault outcrops in the vicinity of extraction fields, multiple extraction in several coal seams led to the same border and large values of tensile horizontal strain., Piotr Strzałkowski and Roman Ścigała., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

760. The dilemma of dual renin-angiotensin system blockade in chronic kidney disease: why beneficial in animal experiments but not in the clinic?

Creator:
Věra Čertíková-Chábová and Luděk Červenka
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, inhibitory angiotenzin konvertujícího enzymu, hypertenze, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, hypertension, renin-angiotensin system, angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists, chronic kidney diseases, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Drugs interfering with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) improved the prognosis in patients with hypertension, heart failure, diabetes and chronic kidney disease. However, combining different drugs brought no further benefit while increasing the risk of hyperkalemia, hypotension and acute renal failure. This was so with combining angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin II receptors type 1 antagonists (ARB). Dissimilarly, in animal disease models this dual therapy proved clearly superior to single drug treatment and became the optimal standard regime for comparison with other treatments. This review analyzes the causes of the discrepancy of effects of the dual therapy between animal experiments versus clinical studies, and is focused on the outcomes in chronic kidney disease. Discussed is the role of species differences in RAAS, of the variability of the disease features in humans versus relative stability in animals, of the genetic uniformity in the animals but not in humans, and of the biased publication habits of experimental versus clinical studies. We attempt to understand the causes and reconcile the discordant findings and suggest to what extent dual RAAS inhibition should be continued in animal experiments and why its application in the clinics should be limited to strictly selected groups of patients., V. Čertíková Chábová, L. Červenka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public