The aim of this contribution is to study the role of the coefficient r in the qualitative theory of the equation (r(t)Φ(y ∆))∆+p(t)Φ(y σ ) = 0, where Φ(u) = |u| α−1 sgn u with α > 1. We discuss sign and smoothness conditions posed on r, (non)availability of some transformations, and mainly we show how the behavior of r, along with the behavior of the graininess of the time scale, affect some comparison results and (non)oscillation criteria. At the same time we provide a survey of recent results acquired by sophisticated modifications of the Riccati type technique, which are supplemented by some new observations.
This paper describes the reliability analysis of a concrete containment for VVER 440 under a high internal overpressure. The probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) level 3 aims at an assessment of the probability of the concrete structure failure under the excessive overpressure. The non-linear analysis of the concrete structure was considered. The uncertainties of the loads level (long-time temperature and dead loads), the material model (concrete cracking and crushing, behavior of the reinforcement and liner), degradation effects and other influences following from the inaccuracy of the calculated model and numerical methods were taken into account in the response surface method (RSM). The results of the reliability analysis of the NPP structues are presented. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The effects of NaCl treatment on the photosynthetic machinery in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars differing in salt tolerance were investigated by comparison with iso-osmotic PEG treatment. Both cultivars similarly reduced the photosystem 2 (PS2) energy conversion efficiency (ΦPS2) rapidly when plants were exposed to a 100 mM NaCl solution, though no decline was detected under the iso-osmotic PEG treatment. There was no correlation between the reduction of the leaf relative water content (RWC) and the ΦPS2 in the two iso-osmotic stress treatments. In contrast, a decline of ΦPS2 along with the increase of the leaf sodium content above 4 % dry matter was detected under the NaCl treatment, while no such correlation was detected with other cations. The recovery of ΦPS2 after photoinhibitory irradiation was repressed by the NaCl treatment as the increase of the duration of the treatment. Norin 61 subjected to the 100 mM NaCl treatment for 10 d showed a decline of the ΦPS2 after 1 h moderate irradiation of 400 μmol m-2 s-1 PPFD. Thus the concentrated Na+ within a leaf under salinity treatments may decrease the stability of PS2 functions and lead to photochemical inactivation. and S. Muranaka, K. Shimizu, M. Kato.
This paper deals with a bounded control design for a class of nonlinear systems where the mathematical model may be not explicitly given. This class of uncertain nonlinear systems governed by a system of ODE with quasi-Lipschitz right-hand side and containing external perturbations as well. The Attractive Ellipsoid Method (AEM) application permits to describe the class of nonlinear feedbacks (containing a nonlinear projection operator, a linear state estimator and a feedback matrix-gain) guaranteeing a boundedness of all possible trajectories around the origin. To fulfill this property some modification of AEM are introduced: basically, some sort of sample-time corrections of the feedback parameters are required. The optimization of feedback within this class of controllers is associated with the selection of the feedback parameters which provide the trajectory converges within an ellipsoid of a "minimal size". The effectiveness of the suggested approach is illustrated by its application to a flexible arm system).
A weak form of the Henstock Lemma for the PoU-integrable functions is given. This allows to prove the existence of a scalar Volterra derivative for the PoU-integral. Also the PoU-integrable functions are characterized by means of Pettis integrability and a condition involving finite pseudopartitions.
The classification scheme for micaceous minerals is described. According to the size of mineral particles micas are divided into macrocrystalline compounds and microcrystalline clay micas. Macroc rystalline micas are differentiated into (a) Mg-Fe-Al micas, (b) Li-micas, (c) micas with other cations. Vertical boundary in the suggested scheme divides micas into trioctahedral and dioctahedral members. Additional subdivision is carried out on the basis of the extent of Si substitution in tetrahedral positions of their crystal lattice. Microcrystalline (<4μm) micas are subordinate to the crystallochemical scheme for macrocrystalline micas. List of mica species together with their varieties and synonyms is in Table 2., Karel Melka., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
31 UV spectra obtained with tne LWR camera of the lUE satellite in the period 1978-83 were analysed. Changes of Mg II h and k emissions are evident but there is no evident correlation between emission intensity of Mg II and orbital or photometric phase. Using three various methods of analysis of possible periodicity in variation of Mg II h and k emission intensities we have found reál chanes in
h + k fluxes with period equal to the half of the orbital one, 0.5 Porb = 10.2606. We interpret this effect as evidence of direct influence of tidal inxeraction of secondary component on the chromospheric structure of the primary. Evident minimum of the Mg II h and k intensity is observed when the tides are on the line of sight and maximum when both tidal bulges are visible. Difference between maximum and minimum of total flux of k line is equal to about 20%, while the shape of the profile is practically unchanged.
In this paper, we introduce a new linear programming second-order stochastic dominance (SSD) portfolio efficiency test for portfolios with scenario approach for distribution of outcomes and a new SSD portfolio inefficiency measure. The test utilizes the relationship between CVaR and dual second-order stochastic dominance, and contrary to tests in Post \cite{Post} and Kuosmanen \cite{Kuosmanen}, our test detects a dominating portfolio which is SSD efficient. We derive also a necessary condition for SSD efficiency using convexity property of CVaR to speed up the computation. The efficiency measure represents a distance between the tested portfolio and its least risky dominating SSD efficient portfolio. We show that this measure is consistent with the second-order stochastic dominance relation. We find out that this measure is convex and we use this result to describe the set of SSD efficient portfolios. Finally, we illustrate our results on a numerical example.