The number of C4 plants living in Europe is increased to 120, and data on geographic origin, metabolic subtype, microecology and biotype, are given and compared with previous data. Our data agree with current ideas regarding the origin and biotype of the C4 plants, and only partially regarding ecology. At present, many C4 plants grow on disturbed sites or in stressed conditions, but ťhere is a lesser number of xerophytes than is currently thought and, conversely, some of them grow in favourable conditions. Among the latter mentioned, hydrophytic plants stand out because of their relatively great number and originality, as well as because no previous work on the ecology of C4 plants has indicated this.
A study on the spatial distribution of two congeneric monogenean species Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae Yin ct Sproston, 1948 and P. bini Kikuchi, 1929 on the gills of large size European eel Anguilla anguilla (L.) were conducted. Results were analysed with regard to: single-species infection, mixed infection and general occurrence of the parasites in the ccl population. Statistical analysis revealed that the distribution of these species on the gill apparatus is fairly similar and the zones in which they occur more numerously coincide to a great extent. However, a number of differences were found. Both the possibility of simultaneous occurrence on Ihe host and similar distribution of the above species on the eel’s gills indicate the reciprocal tolerance of these parasites.
Microsporidiosis is an increasingly important opportunistic infection in HIV-positive patients. Five species of microsporidia {Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Encephalitozoon hellem and E. cunieuli, Seplata intestinalis, and Pleistophora sp.) have been reported to occur in AIDS, with each agent producing a different clinicopathologic spectrum of disease. This communication reviews routine and specialized methods for diagnosis of these important pathogenic protozoa, including biopsy, cytology, ultrastructural and immunologic examination, and tissue culture, and describes the current knowledge of organ distribution for microsporidia in persons with AIDS.
Lectin activities were studied in five different species of tsetse flies. Different native or enzymatically treated human or animal red blood cells were used to detect hemagglutination activity in midgut extracts. Two inducible lectin systems in the midgut of C. tachinoides were distinguished.