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Start Over Date 2012 to 2014

10343. The TT genotype of the MTHFR 677C > T polymorphism increases susceptibility to premature coronary artery disease in interaction with some of the traditional risk factors

Creator:
Sarecka-Hujar, Beata, Zak, Iwona, and Krauze, Jolanta
Format:
print, text, and regular print
Type:
model:article, article, Text, časopisecké články, práce podpořená grantem, and TEXT
Subject:
dospělí, nemoci koronárních tepen--genetika, ženské pohlaví, genetická predispozice k nemoci, genotyp, lidé, lipidy--krev, mužské pohlaví, methylentetrahydrofolátreduktasa (NADPH2)--genetika, polymorfismus genetický, rizikové faktory, and kouření
Language:
English
Description:
BACKGROUND: The presence of several risk factors (genetic and non-genetic) has greater impact on the risk of premature coronary artery disease (CAD) than single risk factor. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to establish possible relations between genotypes and alleles of 677C>T polymorphism of MTHFR gene and some traditional risk factors e.g. elevated levels of lipid parameters and smoking in development of premature CAD. METHODS: The groups comprised 152 patients with angiographically documented premature CAD (aged 42.9 +/- 5.5) and 121 age-matched blood donors (aged 42.3 +/- 6.5) were studied. The MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism was genotyped with Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. RESULTS: Patients with TT genotype who simultaneously smoked had increased risk of premature CAD compared to non-smoking cases with CC genotype (OR = 24.62). We also found that individuals with TT genotype and elevated LDL-cholesterol (LDL-chol.) level had significantly higher risk of CAD (OR = 9.92) than individuals with normal LDL-chol. level and CC genotype. CONCLUSIONS: The present study shows that simultaneous presence of MTHFR TT genotype and smoking or elevated levels of LDL-chol. influences the risk of premature CAD. This findings give interesting contribution to gene-environment interaction problem that may have clinical implications in the future. and B. Sarecka-Hujar, I. Zak, J. Krauze
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

10345. The use of gum chewing in postoperative care of patients with abdominal surgery: developing an evidence-based clinical protocol

Creator:
Zeleníková, Renáta, Chao, Anthony, Enright, Gloria, Schubert, Mary Rogers, Shotsberger, Kaitlin, Wise, Cecelia, and Schlenk, Elizabeth A.
Format:
537-545, braille, text, regular print, and elektronický zdroj
Type:
model:article, article, Text, and TEXT
Subject:
lidé, břicho--chirurgie, ileus--prevence a kontrola, riziko, žvýkačka--využití, randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma, metaanalýza jako téma, primární prevence, pooperační komplikace--ekonomika--prevence a kontrola, pooperační péče--metody, feces, and flatulence
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
Cíl: Cílem práce bylo vyhledat důkazy na podporu intervence žvýkaní žvýkačky v pooperační péči u pacientů podstupujících operační výkon v břišní dutině ke snížení rizika paralytického pooperačního ileu, a to snížením času do prvního odchodu větrů a času do první stolice. Metodika: Za účelem nalezení důkazů pro použití žvýkaní žvýkačky v pooperační péči u pacientů podstupujících operační výkon v břišní dutině jako strategie na snižení rizika paralytického pooperačního ileu (snížením času do prvního odchodu větrů a času do první stolice) byl proveden přehled vybraných metaanalýz a randomizovaných kontrolovaných studií (RCT). Vyhledávání probíhalo v následujících databázích: OVID Medline®, CINAHL, and PubMed. Vyhledávání se zaměřilo na publikace v anglickém jazyce v recenzovaných časopisech v období 2002 až 2012. Z metaanalýz byl abstrahován rozdíl vážených průměrů (weighted mean difference) jako míra účinku (effect size) žvýkaní žvýkačky na čas do prvního odchodu větrů a na čas do první stolice. Z výsledků randomizovaných kontrolovaných studií bylo vypočítáno Cohenovo d (effect sizes) na určení míry účinku (effect size) žvýkání žvýkačky na čas do prvního odchodu větrů a na čas do první stolice. Na znázornění míry účinku (effect size) z RTC byly vytvořeny grafy (forest plots). Výsledky: Ke kritickému zhodnocení byly vybrány čtyři randomizované kontrolované studie a dvě metaanalýzy. Všech šest studií prokázalo statisticky významný a velmi velký až střední učinek na čas do prvního odchodu větrů a na čas do první stolice. Na základě míry ůčinků (effect sizes) byl vyvozen závěr, že žvýkaní žvýkačky v pooperačním období klinicky významně zkracuje čas do prvního odchodu větrů a čas do první stolice. Závěr: Silné důkazy podporují žvýkaní žvýkačky v pooperační péči u pacientů podstupujících operační výkon v břišní dutině, co vede ke snížení rizika paralytického pooperačního ileu, a to snížením času do prvního odchodu větrů a času do první stolice., Aim: The aim of the paper was to search for evidence that the use of gum chewing in the postoperative care of patients who had undergone abdominal surgery decreases the risk of paralytic postoperative ileus by significantly reducing the time to first flatus and time to first bowel movement. Methods: A literature review of selected meta-analyses and randomized control trials (RCT) was conducted to find the evidence that the use of gum chewing in the postoperative care of patients who had undergone abdominal surgery decreases the risk of paralytic postoperative ileus expressed as the time to first flatus and time to first bowel movement. The following databases were searched: OVID Medline®, CINAHL, and PubMed. The search focused on material published in English in peer-reviewed journals between the years 2002 and 2012. Weighted mean difference was the effect size abstracted from the meta-analyses of gum chewing on time to first flatus and time to first bowel movement. From the RCT, Cohen’s d effect sizes were calculated to determine the strength of the gum chewing intervention on time to first flatus and time to first bowel movement. Forest plots were created to present the effect sizes from the RCT. Results: Four randomized controlled trials and two meta-analyses were selected and critically appraised. All six studies concluded that gum chewing has a statistically significant and very large to medium effect on time to first flatus and time to first bowel movement. Based on the effect sizes, the conclusion was drawn that chewing gum during the postoperative period leads to a clinically significant reduction in time to passage of first flatus and time to first bowel movement. Conclusion: Strong evidence supports the use of gum chewing in postoperative care of patients who have undergone abdominal surgery to reduce the risk of paralytic postoperative ileus., and Renáta Zeleníková, Anthony Chao, Gloria Enright, Mary Rogers Schubert, Kaitlin Shotsberger, Cecelia Wise, Elizabeth A. Schlenk
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

10346. The use of gum chewing in postoperative care of patients with abdominal surgery: developing an evidence-based clinical protocol - part II

Creator:
Zeleníková, Renáta, Chao, Anthony, Enright, Gloria, Schubert, Mary Rogers, Shotsberger, Kaitlin, Wise, Cecelia, and Schlen, Elizabeth A.
Format:
554-565, braille, electronic resource, remote, and elektronický zdroj
Type:
model:article, article, Text, statistics, práce podpořená grantem, and TEXT
Subject:
lidé, žvýkání, žvýkačka, pooperační péče--metody--ošetřování, hodnocení rizik, břicho--chirurgie, pooperační komplikace--prevence a kontrola, ileus--etiologie--prevence a kontrola, flatulence, metaanalýza jako téma, and statistika jako téma
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
Aim: The aim of this paper is to develop an evidence-based clinical protocol for the use of gum chewing in postoperative care to reduce the risk of paralytic postoperative ileus in patients who have undergone abdominal surgery. Methods: A clinical question (For adult patients who have undergone abdominal surgery, does the use of gum chewing postoperatively reduce the risk of paralytic postoperative ileus in comparison with the usual care regimen?) was formulated, a population and setting were defined, and the databases OVID Medline®, CINAHL, and PubMed were searched for relevant material. Six data-based research articles were chosen for review: four randomized controlled trials and two meta-analyses. Finally, the articles were critically appraised to generate evidence on which to base the clinical protocol. Results: The development team created a detailed description of the clinical protocol as well as a protocol algorithm to assist clinicians in determining patient eligibility. In addition, protocol implementation and evaluation plans were proposed. Conclusion: An evidence-based clinical protocol was developed to provide a template for identification of patients eligible for gum chewing, implementation, and evaluation of this intervention to reduce the risk of paralytic postoperative ileus after abdominal surgery., Renáta Zeleníková, Anthony Chao, Gloria Enright, Mary Rogers Schubert, Kaitlin Shotsberger, Cecelia Wise, Elizabeth A. Schlenk, and Literatura
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

10347. The VEGF and BMP-2 Levels in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis and the Relationship to Treatment with Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha Inhibitors

Creator:
Tošovský, Marian, Bradna, Petr, Andrýs, Ctirad, Andrýsová, Kateřina, Čermáková, Eva, and Soukup, Tomáš
Format:
print, text, and regular print
Type:
model:article, article, Text, časopisecké články, and TEXT
Subject:
dospělí, kostní morfogenetický protein 2--krev, C-reaktivní protein--metabolismus, progrese nemoci, ELISA, ženské pohlaví, lidé, mužské pohlaví, lidé středního věku, ankylózující spondylitida--krev--farmakoterapie, výsledek terapie, TNF-alfa--antagonisté a inhibitory, and vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor A--krev
Language:
English
Description:
Introduction: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an inflammatory rheumatic disease characterized by the development of osteoproductive changes in the spine which could possibly result in ankylosis. Treatment with tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) inhibitors has proved to be an important step forward in the treatment of this disease, but for the time being it is not clear whether it favourably influences radiographic progression of the disease. Vascular endothelial growth factor most probably plays a role in the development of osteoproductive changes and recently its predictive influence on radiographic progression has been demonstrated. Bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP-2) participates in the regulation of bone proliferation and its increased serum level has been demonstrated in patients with advanced AS and correlated with the degree of radiographic changes. Aim: The study aims to evaluate the VEGF and BMP-2 levels in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and how these levels relate to the concurrent treatment with TNFα inhibitors. Methods: Sera were evaluated from patients at the Rheumatologic Clinic of the Hradec Králové Faculty Hospital who fulfilled the modified New York Criteria for AS (n = 55). In these patients, the parameters of the activity of the disease (BASDAI = Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, CRP = C-reactive protein) and the concurrent therapy (TNFα inhibitors, n = 21, vs. non-anti TNFα, n = 34) were recorded. The levels of VEGF and BMP-2 were analyzed using the ELISA method. Results: In patients treated with TNFα inhibitors, a significantly lower VEGF level was found when compared to untreated patients (140.3 (109.4; 262.2) vs. 261 (172.4; 396.6) pg/ml; p = 0.02). No difference was found between BMP-2 levels in both groups (treated vs. untreated patients) (254.8 (2301; 267.3) vs. 261.1 (248.6; 273.5) pg/ml; p = 0.24). A correlation analysis did not reveal any relationship between VEG F and BMP-2 (r = 0.057; p = 0.68). Serum levels of VEGF correlated with serum levels of CRP (r = 0.56; p = 0.00001) and the BASDAI value (r = 0.33; p = 0.015). Conclusion: Significantly lower VEGF levels were found in patients treated with TNFα inhibitors versus the untreated patients. These findings are in harmony with some hitherto published analyses and may give evidence of a favourable effect of TNFα inhibitors on radiographic progression. Neither influence on the BMP-2 level by treatment with TNFα inhibitors nor correlation with VEGF levels was demonstrated. and M. Tošovský, P. Bradna, C. Andrýs, K. Andrýsová, E. Čermáková, T. Soukup
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

10349. Theater in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien :

Publisher:
Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Kooperation mit Institut umění - Divadelní ústav,
Type:
slovníky
Subject:
Divadlo. Divadelní představení, divadlo, dějiny divadla, herci, mecenáši, přehledná zpracování dějin českých zemí (chronologicky), and divadlo, film, fotografie
Description:
Rozložená tit. s. and Nad názvem: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Institut für Kulturwissenschaften und Theatergeschichte
Rights:
unknown

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