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67552. The characteristics of the expression of heat shock proteins and cox-2 in the liver of hamsters infected with Clonorchis sinensis, and the change of endocrine hormones and cytokines
- Creator:
- Choi, WonHyung and Chu, JongPhil
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- liver fluke, Digenea, cytokines, cox-2, heat shock proteins, and inflammation
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis (Digenea) is a high-risk parasite that causes serious diseases such as cirrhosis, carcinogenic liver damage and clonorchiasis in East Asia. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between stress/endocrine hormones and inflammation induced by infection as well as the expression of heat shock proteins (hsp-27, hsp-90), cox-2 and cytokines in the livers of hamsters infected with C. sinensis. The average body weight of infected hamsters decreased up to 25% compared with that of the control group, and bile duct hyperplasia with inflammation, liver fibrosis and hepatic necrosis were observed in C. sinensis-infected livers. The expression of hsp-27, hsp-90, and cox-2 was significantly increased in the livers of C. sinensis-infected hamsters compared with the control group. Moreover, the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, TGF-β2 and IFN-α1) were markedly increased in the livers of the infected group compared with those of the control group. Consistently, plasma IL-3 and IL-6 levels gradually increased during the infection period, and the concentration levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), corticosterone, and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in C. sinensis-infected hamsters increased over 25%, compared with those of the uninfected normal group. These results demonstrate that C. sinensis infection may increase the expression of hsp27, hsp90 and cox-2 as well as it may cause periductal fibrosis, chronic inflammation and hepatic necrosis in the liver. Furthermore, the results indicate that C. sinensis infection induces not only stress-induced hormone imbalance but also the sustained secretion of inflammatory cytokines through chronic stress/stimuli.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
67553. The chiggers (Acari: Trombiculidae) on wild birds in Honduras
- Creator:
- Stanislav Kalúz, Ivan Literák, and Kolenčík, Stanislav
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- roztoči, mites, Blankaartia, Eutrombicula, Neoschoengastia, Parasecia, Prostigmata, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The chiggers (Acari: Trombiculidae) Blankaartia sinnamaryi (Floch et Fauran, 1956), Parasecia soucouyanti (Brennan et Yunker, 1966), Eutrombicula lipovskyana (Wolfenbarger, 1952) and Neoschoengastia dalmati Brennan, 1951 were found in Honduras on a total of twelve bird species. Parasecia soucouyanti was recorded parasitising birds for the first time. All these mites are here reported from Honduras for the first time., Stanislav Kalúz, Ivan Literák, Stanislav Kolenčík., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
67554. The Chinese model, the Chinese dream and the mandate of heaven
- Creator:
- Miloš Balabán and Michal Tomášek
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- reformy, právo, politický systém, reforms, law, political system, model, economic growth, power, communist party, mandate of heaven, vision, Chinese National Rejuvenation, Chinese Dream, 16, and 34
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The four decades of breath-taking political and economic changes in China raise a host of questions about the governance of this, in many ways unique, world power. The authors analyse the economic, political and historical context of the origins and operation of the present-day Chinese political model, the country’s legal system and the role of the Communist Party in the Chinese society, similar in many ways to the role previously played by China’s imperial dynasties. They also highlight the new trends in Chinese domestic politics and foreign policy of the late 2010s, which bear witness to a sustained effort of the Chinese political leadership to enhance China’s great-power status on the global stage., Miloš Balabán, Michal Tomášek., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
67555. The Choquet integral as Lebesgue integral and related inequalities
- Creator:
- Mesiar, Radko, Li, Jun, and Pap, Endre
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Choquet integral, comonotone functions, integral inequalities, monotone measure, and modularity
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The integral inequalities known for the Lebesgue integral are discussed in the framework of the Choquet integral. While the Jensen inequality was known to be valid for the Choquet integral without any additional constraints, this is not more true for the Cauchy, Minkowski, Hölder and other inequalities. For a fixed monotone measure, constraints on the involved functions sufficient to guarantee the validity of the discussed inequalities are given. Moreover, the comonotonicity of the considered functions is shown to be a sufficient constraint ensuring the validity of all discussed inequalities for the Choquet integral, independently of the underlying monotone measure.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
67556. The ciris of the economic and monetary union and its solution (or dissolution?)
- Creator:
- Tomášek, Michal
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- economic and monetary union, budget policy, Treaty on Stability, and Coordination and Governance in the Economic and Monetary Union
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Both parts of the institution of “economic and monetary union” are constructed in different wayswithin European law. The economic part is built upon the decentralized structure of the European Union asa “community of states”; the monetary union is based upon the delegation of monetary powers from individualstates – their central banks – to the Union level. Serious crises of functioning of such a model broughtup the Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in the Economic and Monetary Union. TSCG is partof a gradual strategy of the centralization of budgetary policy at the level of the European Union. This strategyis built upon presumption that effective functioning of the monetary union must be supported by a centralbudget and central, or centralized, budgetary policy.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
67557. The city: its growth, its decay, its future
- Creator:
- Saarinen, Eliel
- Publisher:
- Reinhold Publ. Corp.
- Format:
- print and xvi, 380 s., 2 slož. příl. : il.
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Územní plánování. Urbanismus. Památková péče, města, rozvoj měst, urbanismus, sociologie města, 21, and 71
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Eliel Saarinen.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
67558. The civil society effect revisited: on the politics of liberal philanthropy today
- Creator:
- Walton, Jeremy F.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Civil society, Islam, liberalism, philanthropy, and new authoritarianism
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- In this essay, I reconsider the politics of contemporary philanthropy by navigating between two dominant ideological perspectives on civil society: depoliticization and demonization. I do so with reference to the recent tribulations of three famous magnate-philanthropists, Osman Kavala, Mikhail Khodorkovsky, and George Soros. By revisiting my concept of the “civil society effect” – the romanticizing of civil society as a domain free from instrumental political motivations – I aim to shed light on the broader political terrain of contemporary capitalism, in which private capital is too easily understood as a neutral medium for political transformations. At the same time, I focus on the histories and genealogies that the depoliticization of civil society silences, especially the imperial legacies that opponents of liberal philosophy – new authoritarians such as Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Vladimir Putin and Viktor Orbán – frequently invoke with pugnacity.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
67559. The civil status of transsexual and transgender people in the Czech Republic
- Creator:
- Zdeňka Králíčková
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- transsexuálové, transsexuals, forced surgery, forced divorce, Act on Specific Health Services, Civil Code, transgender, trans persons, civil status, forced sterilization, criticism by Ombudsman and LGBT organizations, 16, and 34
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This article is focused on describing conditions of the recognition of the civil status of transsexual and transgender people (trans persons) in the Czech Republic, or former Czechoslovakia. It is based on a questionnaire created for the purposes of the XX International Congress of Comparative Law, Japan, Fukuoka, 2018. The Czech Republic' national report aims to be a basic but thorough resource of legal information relating to the civil status of trans persons for future comparative analyses of the International Academy of Comparative Law., Zdeňka Králíčková., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
67560. The Cixiidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) of the Mascarenes islands and Madagascar. Endemism and description of new taxa from Réunion with notes on their host plants
- Creator:
- Attié, Marc, Bourgoin, Thierry, and Bonfils, Jacques
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae, Eumyndus, Achaemenes, Aselgeoides, Brixia, Oliarus, Cubana, Borbonomyndus gen. n., Meenocixius gen. n., Achaebana gen. n., new species, endemism, host-plant, Arecaceae, Pandanaceae, La Réunion, Rodrigues, and Madagascar
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Two new species (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) included in a new genus, Meenocixius gen. n., and associated with Acanthophœnix rubra (Bory) H. Wendl. (Arecaceae) are described from the island of La Réunion: M. bebourensis sp. n. and M. virescens sp. n. This genus shows several autapomorphies in its tegmina venation, very particular within the Fulgoromorpha. Borbonomyndus gen. n., is proposed for another new species, B. pandanicola sp. n. associated with Pandanus purpurascens Thouars (Pandanaceae), and B. pallidus (Synave), previously described as a member of the genus Eumyndus Synave. According to morphological and ethological data, E. bistriatus is synonymized with B. pallidus, of which three different forms are recognized. All species of Borbonomyndus are found associated with Pandanus. These two new genera are endemic to La Réunion. Without taxonomic standing, the subspecies of Brixia belouvensis are synonymyzed and restricted to four different forms. A key is proposed for the Cixiidae of La Réunion, which now includes 12 species belonging to 6 different genera: Achaemenes, Aselgeoides, Brixia, Oliarus (but we show that the species placed in this genus need to be reviewed), Borbonomyndus, and Meenocixius. Monophyly of Eumyndus, from which E. perinetensis Synave is excluded, is substantiated. Following the new interpretation, this genus is now restricted to Madagascar. The species Cubana insularis Muir, from the island of Rodrigues, is transferred to a new genus: Achaebana gen. n. Finally, cixiid endemism and their host-plant associations in the Mascarenes are discussed.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public