This paper describes the development of a new concept of cutting tools using optical sensors for the measurement of tooled surface extent in the turning operations. After examinational measurements optical sensor was selected and its analysis is dedicated the another part of this work. The basic idea of indirect measurement of cutting tool abrasion is scaning the distance of a component during the cutting. and Príspevok popisuje vývoj nového konceptu rezných nástrojov používajúcich optické snímače pre meranie rozmeru obrobeného povrchu v sústružníckych operáciách. Na základe skúšobných meraní bol zvolený optický snímač, ktorého rozboru je venovaná ďalšia časť práce. Základnou myšlienkou nepriameho merania opotrebenia rezného nástroja je snímanie vzdialenosti obrobku počas obrábania.
The analysis of non-contact optical method of measuring deflection of the bridge structure is described in the article. This method is based on the system of reflective prisms or plates, whose reflectance value is chosen so that the intensity of light reflected from individual prisms or plates is the same. Despite the fact that the proposed method is very simple and easy to implement, it provides very accurate results in comparison with commonly used methods and it also allows measurement of fast-moving events. and V článku je analýzována bezkontaktní optická metoda měření průhybu mostních konstrukcí pomocí soustavy odrazných hranolů nebo destiček, jejichž hodnota odrazivosti je volena tak, aby intenzita světla odraženého od jednotlivých hranolů nebo destiček byla stejná. Navržená metoda je realizačně velmi jednoduchá, poskytuje však velmi přesné výsledky ve srovnání s běžně užívanými metodami a umožňuje měření i rychle probíhajících dějů.
Leaf gas-exchange responses to shadefleck-sunfleck and sun-cloud transitions were determined for in situ Cycas micronesica K.D. Hill plants on the island of Guam to add cycads to the published gymnosperm data. Sequential sunfleck-shadefleck transitions indicated understory leaves primed rapidly but open field leaves primed slowly. Time needed to reach 90% induction of net CO2 assimilation (PN) was 2.9 min for understory leaves and 13.9 min for open field leaves. Leaf responses to sun-cloud transitions exhibited minimal adjustment of stomatal conductance, so PN rapidly returned to precloud values following cloud-sun transitions. Results indicate bi-directional leaf acclimation behavior enables mature C. micronesica trees to thrive in deep understory conditions in some habitats and as emergent canopy trees in other habitats. These data are the first nonconifer gymnosperm data; the speed of gas-exchange responses to rapid light transitions was similar to some of the most rapid angiosperm species described in the literature., T. E. Marler., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The paper presents results of mechanical testing of soft tissues (arterial walls) under biaxial stress conditions and analysis of the influence of some factors, such as specimen location, reconditioning, etc. Soft tissues are pseudoelastic materials, modelled mostly as hyperelastic, either isotropic or anisotropic ones. Therefore multiaxial (biaxial) mechanical tests are required for a credible identification of their mechanical parameters. As living tissue proporties change with time after excision and exhibit also viscoelastic behaviour, a much more specialized equipment is needed to perform biaxial tests of soft tissues. A test rig for biaxial tests is presented in the paper and a pronounced influence of stress state character on the specimen behaviour during several first cycles is analyzed. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
osobní bibliografii Františka Knoppa sestavila Stanislava Sýkorová ; uspořádali Pavel Janáček, Petr Šámal, Aleš Zach ; úvodní medailon napsal Vladimír Just., Obsahuje bibliografii, bibliografické odkazy a rejstřík., Anglické resumé, and born digital