The paper deals with a description of a constructive neural network based on gradient initial setting of its weights. The network has been used as a pattern classifier of two dimensional patterns but it can be generally used to n x m associative problems. A network topology, processes of learning and retrieving, experiments and comparison to other neural networks are described.
Trichinellosis is an important zoonosis that is difficult to diagnose and that can lead to disability, death and economic losses for the meat processing industry. The outbreaks are related to the consumption of insufficiently cooked pork containing larvae of Trichinella spiralis (Owen, 1833). Here, we describe epidemiological features of the disease in a region where incidence rates are typically elevated (Brasov County, Romania). Our descriptive, retrospective epidemiological study spanned a period of 25 years (1983-2007) in a group of 3 345 consumers of infected meat, of whom 2 179 became infected. Both raw pork and processed pork products were consumed, typically during winter and spring holidays. Pigs bred and slaughtered by households were not always tested prior to consumption. The imposition of greater hygiene and testing has decreased the burden of disease in recent years, but the tradition of raising swine for familial consumption without prior testing continues to threaten health, even among groups, not typically suspected of facing elevated zoonotic risk such as children and residents of urban areas. Most outbreaks took place at family celebrations during which pork raised locally was consumed. Higher rates of clinical disease in women may reflect their greater participation in such events, but may alternatively reflect greater exposure to raw pork during meal preparation.
For every product preserving bundle functor $T^\mu $ on fibered manifolds, we describe the underlying functor of any order $(r,s,q), s\ge r\le q$. We define the bundle $K_{k,l}^{r,s,q} Y$ of $(k,l)$-dimensional contact elements of the order $(r,s,q)$ on a fibered manifold $Y$ and we characterize its elements geometrically. Then we study the bundle of general contact elements of type $\mu $. We also determine all natural transformations of $K_{k,l}^{r,s,q} Y$ into itself and of $T(K_{k,l}^{r,s,q} Y)$ into itself and we find all natural operators lifting projectable vector fields and horizontal one-forms from $Y$ to $K_{k,l}^{r,s,q} Y$.
This article studies several aspects of problems associated with diseases of big joints. It is an introductory essay to another three articles that focus on solving various biomechanical problems in hip joint. Stress limit states on contact surfaces of the hip joint can be considered as a common denominator of all these problems. General analyses of these states are described in a separate part of this article. Other general analyses concern the complex of problems associated with diseases of big joints. As an illustration (in view of the articles that follow), this article includes a systemic conception on analysis of the applicability of biomechanics in solving therapeutic problems of big joints. As an illustrative example, the hip joint was selected. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
A novel method of contactless measurement of turbine vlade vibration during increasing (decreasing) operational speed is presented. The method is based on evaluation of time differences of blade passages along contactless sensors placed on the stator, and substitutional data correction using a numerical model. The method has been verified both numerically and experimentally. For the experimental research on the bladed model wheel of the Institute of Thermomechanics and subsequent applications under operating conditions, two new types of sensors functioning on magnetoresistive and induction principle have been developed. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The P3 intersection graph of a graph G has for vertices all the induced paths of order 3 in G. Two vertices in P3(G) are adjacent if the corresponding paths in G are not disjoint. A w-container between two different vertices u and v in a graph G is a set of w internally vertex disjoint paths between u and v. The length of a container is the length of the longest path in it. The w-wide diameter of G is the minimum number l such that there is a w-container of length at most l between any pair of different vertices u and v in G. Interconnection networks are usually modeled by graphs. The w-wide diameter provides a measure of the maximum communication delay between any two nodes when up to w − 1 nodes fail. Therefore, the wide diameter constitutes a measure of network fault tolerance. In this paper we construct containers in P3(G) and apply the results obtained to the study of their connectivity and wide diameters.
This article deals with numerical modelling of contaminant transport in a locality near Bzenec. From the 1970s to the 1990s, this locality was subjected to groundwater contamination by chlorohydrocarbons (PCE, TCE, DCE). The locality is known for its drinking water supplies, which serve for over 100 000 people. Since 1992 remediation of the locality has been in progress, with several breaks due to funding problems. Numerical modelling was used as a method for assessing the efficiency of remediation and for predicting the contaminant transport until the end of 2006. In order to model contaminant transport, a 3D groundwater flow model was first created, calibrated and verified in steady state. Then the transport model was built to simulate contaminant transport. The modelling of contaminant transport was solved by using several scenarios where the input values for the dispersion, sorption and decay parameters were verified using measured values of contaminant concentration in the region of interest. and Článek se zabývá numerickým modelováním šíření znečištění v blízkosti Bzence. V průběhu 70. až 90. let minulého století došlo v této lokalitě ke kontaminaci podzemní vody chlorovanými uhlovodíky (PCE, TCE, DCE). Tato lokalita je významným zdrojem pitné vody pro více než 100 000 obyvatel. Od roku 1992 probíhájí v lokalitě sanační práce, které byly z finančních důvodů několikrát přerušeny. Pro ověření účinnosti sanačních prací a pro predikci šíření znečištění do konce roku 2006 byla využita metoda numerického modelování. Aby bylo možné simulovat proces šíření znečištění, byl nejprve sestaven, zkalibrován a verifikován třírozměrný model proudění podzemní vody pro ustálený stav. Potom byl vytvořen transportní model. Transport kontaminantu byl modelován v několika scénářích, lišících se hodnotami parametrů disperze, sorpce a rozpadové konstanty. Hodnoty těchto parametrů byly verifikovány pomocí měřených koncentrací znečišťujících látek v oblasti.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the inhibition of one of the endothelial receptor sites in the rat pulmonary artery (muscarinic, histaminergic, purinergic, a 2-adrenergic) affects the NO-mediated relaxation induced by the activation of the other type of receptors. Acetylcholine (ACh)-, histamine (Hist)-, adenosine (Ade)- , and clonidine (Clon)-induced endothelium-dependent relaxations were reduced by the administration of specific antagonists of muscarinic, H1-histaminergic, purinergic or a 2-adrenergic receptors, respectively. The inhibition of H1-histaminergic receptors by chlorphenyramine did not prevent ACh-induced relaxation. Similarly, the inhibition of muscarinic receptors by atropine did not prevent the relaxations to histamine, adenosine and clonidine. On the other hand, the relaxations induced by acetylcholine, histamine, adenosine or clonidine were regularly reduced by NO-synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (10-4 mol/l). These results suggest that the inhibition of NO-synthase abolished arterial relaxations induced by all agonists. After inhibition of one type of the endothelial receptors, the NO-dependent relaxation could still be evoked by activation of one of the others., S. Kyselá, J. Török., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The general theory of relativity (GRT) should be considered at present as a necessary framework for the construction of accurate dynamical ephemerides (relativistic celestial mechanics) and In the discussion of high-precision observations (relativistic astrometry). The main achievements of recent years and the most promising investigations are related to experimental foundation of the theory of gravitation, gravltational radiation treated as the subject of celestial mechanics, mathematical correctness and physical meaning of the equatlons of motion, astronomical reference systems, time scales, astronomical units of measurements, reduction of astronomical observations.