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342. Eicosapentaenoic acid enhances skeletal muscle hypertrophy without altering the protein anabolic signaling pathway
- Creator:
- Siriguleng, Koike, Teruhiko, Natsume, Yukie, Jiang, Haiying, Mu, Lan, and Oshida, Yoshiharu
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- eicosapentaenoic acid, hypertrophy, protein synthesis, and mTOR protein
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This study aimed to examine the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on skeletal muscle hypertrophy induced by muscle overload and the associated intracellular signaling pathways. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to oral treatment with either EPA or corn oil for 6 weeks. After 4 weeks of treatment, the gastrocnemius muscle of the right hindlimb was surgically removed to overload the plantaris and soleus muscles for 1 or 2 weeks. We examined the effect of EPA on the signaling pathway associated with protein synthesis using the soleus muscles. According to our analysis of the compensatory muscle growth, EPA administration enhanced hypertrophy of the soleus muscle but not hypertrophy of the plantaris muscle. Nevertheless, EPA administration did not enhance the expression or phosphorylation of Akt, mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), or S6 kinase (S6K) in the soleus muscle. In conclusion, EPA enhances skeletal muscle hypertrophy, which can be independent of changes in the AKT-mTOR-S6K pathway.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
343. Eimeria tamimi sp. n. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the rock hyrax (Procavia capensis jayakari) in central Saudi Arabia
- Creator:
- Mohammed, Osama B, Aljedaie, Manei M, Alyousif, M. S, and Amor, Nabil
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- kokcidie, damani, morfologie (biologie), coccidia, Hyracoidea, morphology (biology), Saúdská Arábie, Saudi Arabia, Howtat Bani Tamim, molecular characterisation, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Faecal samples from the rock hyrax (Procavia capensis jayakari Thomas) were collected from the Ibex Reserve in central Saudi Arabia. Eimerian oocysts, which are believed to represent a new species described here as Eimeria tamimi sp. n., were detected in 40 out of 93 samples. Oocysts were fully sporulated in 24-48 hours at 25 ± 2 °C. Sporulated oocysts of E. tamimi sp. n. were ovoid, measuring 35-42 × 19-25 μm (39 × 23 μm), a length/width ratio 1.5-2 (1.7). Oocyst wall was bilayered and measured 1.5 μm in thickness. Micropyle, oocyst residuum and polar granules were not present. Sporocysts are elongate, measuring 12-18 × 9-12 μm (15 × 10 μm), with a length/width ratio 1.1-1.8 (1.5) prominent Stieda bodies and sporocyst residuum. Experimental infection of two clinically healthy rock hyraxes with sporulated oocysts of E. tamimi sp. n. resulted in shedding unsporulated oocysts 5-10 days post infection. Partial sequences of 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rDNA) and cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1 (COI) regions were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis based on 18S rDNA using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods revealed that E. tamimi sp. n. grouped with Eimeria quokka Barker, O'Callaghan et Beveridge, 1988, E. mundayi Barker, O´Callaghan et Beveridge, 1988, E. potoroi Barker, O'Callaghan et Beveridge, 1988 and E. gaimardi Barker, O'Callaghan et Beveridge, 1988 marsupials. Eimerian species have been regarded as a paraphyletic group and the present investigation confirmed the conflict between phenotypic traits, used widely in the classification of this group of parasites., Osama B. Mohammed, Manei M. Aljedaie, M. S. Alyousif and Nabil Amor., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
344. Elektronický sborník příspěvků multioborové konference LASER62: hotel Galant, Lednice, 9.-11. listopad 2022
- Creator:
- Růžička, Bohdan
- Publisher:
- Ústav přístrojové techniky AV ČR,v.v.i.
- Format:
- electronic, electronic resource, remote, bez média, online zdroj, and 87 stran : ilustrace, tabulky, grafy.
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Elektrotechnika, lasery, mezioborový kontext, lasers, interdisciplinary context, 621.375.826, 681.7.069.24, 535.8, 001.2, (062.534), (0.034.2:08), 19, and 621.3
- Language:
- Czech, English, and Slovak
- Description:
- editor: Bohdan Růžička., Obsahuje bibliografie, České, anglické a slovenské příspěvky, and born digital
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
345. Emerging control strategies for integrated pest management of invasive carps
- Creator:
- Cupp, Aaron R., Brey, Marybeth K., Calfee, Robin D., Chapman, Duane C., Erickson, Richard, Fischer, Jesse, Fritts, Andrea K., George, Amy E., Jackson, P. Ryan, Knights, Brent C., Saari, Gavin N., and Kočovský, Patrick M.
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- mitigation, pesticide, barrier, deterrent, and population model
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Invasive carps are ecologically and economically problematic fish species in many large river basins in the United States and pose a threat to aquatic ecosystems throughout much of North America. Four species of invasive carps: black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), are particularly concerning for native ecosystems because they occupy and disrupt a variety of food and habitat niches. In response, natural resource agencies are developing integrated pest management (IPM) plans to mitigate invasive carps. Control tools are one key component within a successful IPM program and have been a focal point for development by governmental agencies and academic researchers. For example, behavioural deterrents and barriers that block migratory pathways could limit carps range expansion into new areas, while efficient removal methods could suppress established carp populations. However, control tools are sometimes limited in practice due to uncertainty with deployment, efficacy and availability. This review provides an overview of several emerging modelling approaches and control technologies that could inform and support future invasive carp IPM programs.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
346. Empirical mode decomposition for post-processing the grace monthly gravity field models
- Creator:
- Huan, Changmin, Wang, Fengwei, and Zhou, Shijian
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- GRACE, time variable gravity, Empirical Mode Decomposition, and filtering
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Considering the advantage of Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) for extracting the geophysical signals and filtering out the noise, this paper will first apply the EMD approach to post-process the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) monthly gravity field models. A 14-year time-series of Release 06 (RL06) monthly gravity field models from the Center for Space Research (CSR) truncated to degree and order 60 from the period April 2002 to August 2016 are analyzed using the EMD approach compared with traditional Gaussian smoothing filtering. Almost all fitting errors of GRACE spherical harmonic coefficients by the EMD approach are smaller than those by Gaussian smoothing, indicating that EMD can retain more information of the original spherical harmonic coefficients. The ratios of latitude-weighted RMS over the land and ocean signals are adopted to evaluate the efficiency of eliminating noise. The results show that almost all ratios of RMS for the EMD approach are higher than those of Gaussian smoothing, with the mean ratio of RMS of 3.61 for EMD and 3.41 for Gaussian smoothing, respectively. Therefore, we can conclude that the EMD method can filter noise more effectively than Gaussian smoothing, especially for the high-degree coefficients, and retain more geophysical signals with less leakage effects.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
347. Endangered weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis) age and growth is affected by the size of the watercourses
- Creator:
- Pyrzanowski, Kacper , Zięba, Grzegorz , and Przybylski, Mirosław
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- otolith, von Bertalanffy growth function, weight-length relationship, GLMM, mudloach, and threatened cobitid
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The age and growth of weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis), an endangered and protected freshwater fish with a poorly known life history, was studied in two watercourses (the River Ner and the Nowy Rów canal, Poland). The weight, length and sagittal otoliths of 166 specimens collected in April 2015 were measured for weight-length relationships, ageing and back-calculation of length at age. At both sites sex ratio did not differ from 1:1. Weatherfish otoliths were small, elliptic (1.85 mm longer axes of the largest otolith) and the annuli were clearly visible. Female lifespan was six years but the oldest males were four and five years. In both sites populations were dominated by 2+ (the River Ner) and 3+ (the Nowy Rów canal) specimens. In general, weatherfish grows isometrically (b = 3) and the intercept of the weight-length relationship differ between study sites but not between sexes. Its total length (TL) was predicted by an interaction between sex and age, as well as capture site and age. Back-calculated estimates of TL fitted a von Bertalanffy growth function, though Taylor’s criterion showed that the asymptotic length were overestimated. Multiple comparisons of the von Bertalanffy growth function parameter revealed difference between sexes and sites.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
348. Endocrine disruptors and gut microbiome interactions
- Creator:
- Hampl, Richard and Stárka, Luboslav
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- rozmnožování (biologie), metabolismus, imunita (lékařství), duševní zdraví, reproduction, metabolism, immunity, mental health, endocrine disruptors, gut microbiome, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Anthropogenic environmental pollutants affect many physiological, biochemical, and endocrine actions as reproduction, metabolism, immunity, behavior and as such can interfere with any aspect of hormone action. Microbiota and their genes, microbiome, a large body of microorganisms, first of all bacteria and co-existing in the host´s gut, are now believed to be autonomous endocrine organ, participating at overall endocrine, neuroendocrine and immunoendocrine regulations. While an extensive literature is available on the physiological and pathological aspects of both players, information about their mutual relationships is scarce. In the review we attempted to show various examples where both, endocrine disruptors and microbiota are meeting and can act cooperatively or in opposition and to show the mechanism, if known, staying behind these actions., Richard Hampl, Luboslav Stárka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
349. Endocrine disruptors, obesity, and cytokines: how relevant are they to PCOS?
- Creator:
- Šimková, Markéta, Vítků, Jana, Kolátorová Sosvorová, Lucie, Vrbíková, Jana, Vosátková, Michala, Včelák, Josef, and Dušková, Michaela
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- obezita, cytokiny, obesity, cytokines, bisphenols, parabens, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- As environmental and genetic components contribute to the PCOS expression, we compared levels of endocrine disruptors, steroid hormones, cytokines, and metabolic parameters in twenty healthy, nine normal-weight PCOS women, and ten obese PCOS women. Steroid hormones, bisphenols (BPA, BPS, BPF, BPAF) and parabens (methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl-, benzyl-parabens) were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Differences between the groups were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated for the individual parameters relationship. Significantly higher levels of BPA, anti-Müllerain hormone, lutropine, lutropine/folitropine ratio, testosterone, androstenedione, 7β-OH-epiandrosterone, and cytokines (IL-6, VEGF, PDGF-bb), were found in normal-weight PCOS women compared to controls. Between normal-weight and obese PCOS women, there were no differences in hormonal, but in metabolic parameters. Obese PCOS women had significantly higher insulin resistance, fattyliver index, triglycerides, cytokines (IL-2, IL-13, IFN-γ). In healthy, but not in PCOS, women, there was a positive correlation of BPA with testosterone, SHBG with lutropine, and folitropine, while testosterone negatively correlated with SHBG. In obese women with PCOS, insulin resistance negatively correlated with SHBG and estradiol. No differences were observed in the paraben exposure. Levels of BPA were higher in PCOS women, indicating its role in the etiology. Obesity significantly worsens the symptoms., Markéta Šimková, Jana Vítků, Lucie Kolátorová, Jana Vrbíková, Michala Vosátková, Josef Včelák, Michaela Dušková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
350. Endocrine risk factors for COVID-19 in context of aging
- Creator:
- Máčová, Ludmila, Bičíková, Marie, and Hampl, Richard
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- COVID-19, aging, endocrinopathy, immunity, and vitamin D
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Aged people are the most susceptible group to COVID-19 infection. Immunosenescence characterized by impairment of immune function with inflamm-aging contributes to pathophysiological alterations, among which endocrine and metabolic diseases are not exception. Diabetes, obesity along with impairment of disorders of thyroid functions are the most frequent ones, the common feature of which is failure of immune system including autoimmune processes. In the minireview we discussed how COVID-19 and aging impact innate and adaptive immunity, diabetes and selected neuroendocrine processes. Mentioned is also beneficial effect of vitamin D for attenuation of these diseases and related epigenetic issues. Particular attention is devoted to the role of ACE2 protein in the light of its intimate link with renin-angiotensin regulating system.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public