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622. Expression of mRNA for adenosine A1, A2a, A2b, and A3 receptors in HL-60 cells: dependence on cell cycle phases
- Creator:
- Michal Hofer, Ladislav Dušek, Zuzana Hoferová, Lenka Stixová, and Milan Pospíšil
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, adenosinové receptory, buněčný cyklus, adenosine receptors, cell cycle, messenger RNA expression, HL-60 promyelocytic cells, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The present studies investigated changes in expression of mRNA for adenosine A1, A2a, A2b, and A3 receptors in samples of HL-60 promyelocytic cells differing in the actual presence of cells in various phases of the cell cycle induced by the double thymidine block method. Real-time PCR technique was used for obtaining data on mRNA expression. Statistical analysis of the data revealed that the mRNA ex pression of adenosine A1, A2a, and A3 receptors is dependent on the cell cycle phase. G0/G1 and G2/M phases were characterized by a higher mRNA expression of adenosine A1 receptors and a lower one of adenosine A2a and A3 receptors whereas the opposite was true for the S phase. Interestingly, expression of mRNA of the adenosine A2b receptors was independent on the cell cycle phase. The results indicate the plasticity of mRNA expression of adenosine receptors in the investigated promyelocytic cells and its interaction with physiological mechanisms of the cell cycle., M. Hofer ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
623. Expression of phospho-Elk-1 in rat gut after the whole body gamma irradiation
- Creator:
- Daniel Driák, Jan Österreicher, Zuzana Řeháková, Zdena Vilasová, and Jaroslava Vávrová
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Experimentální medicína, radiologie, biologické markery, radiology, biological markers, radiation-induced entero-colitis, phospho-Elk-1, biodosimetric marker, 14, and 616-092
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Gastrointestinal form is the second stage of acute radiation syndrome (ARS) with a threshold dose of 8 Gy in man. It represents an absolutely lethal clinical-pathological unit, necro-hemorrhagic enteritis and proctocolitis, with unknown causal therapy. Elk-1 is a protein acting as a transcription factor activating specified genes. The purpose of our study was to examine the expression of phospho-Elk-1 in irradiated jejunum and transversal colon of rats with radiation-induced enterocolitis and to assess the importance of this transcriptional factor as a biodosimetric marker of radiation-induced enteropathy. The laboratory rats were randomly divided into 21 groups, 10 animals per group, and irradiated with whole body γ-irradiation of 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 Gy. Samples of jejunum and transversal colon were taken 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours later, immunohisto-chemically stained, and the phospho-Elk-1 expression was examined using computer image analysis. A group of 10 sham-irradiated animals was used as control. Significantly increased expression of phospho-Elk-1 in rat jejunum has been found in all time intervals after irradiation by sublethal doses of 1 and 5 Gy, whereas after the irradiation by lethal doses, the expression of phospho-Elk-1 in rat jejunum varied considerably. Significantly increased expression of phospho-Elk-1 in transversal colon has also been found in the first days after irradiation by sublethal doses of 1 and 5 Gy. After irradiation by lethal doses, tere was no uniform pattern of the changes in the expression of phospho-Elk-1 in rat transversal colon. The detection of phospho-Elk-1 might be considered as a suitable and very sensitive biodosimetric marker of radiation-induced injury of small and large intestine. According to our knowledge, this is the first study on the phospho-Elk-1 expression in irradiated jejunum and transversal colon in the rat., D. Driák, J. Österreicher, Z. Řeháková, Z. Vilasová, J. Vávrová., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
624. Expression of serotonin receptors in mouse oocytes and preimplantation embryos
- Creator:
- Veselá, J., Rehák, P., Mihalik, J., Soňa Czikková, Pokorný, J., and Juraj Koppel
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, expression, oocyte, preimplantation, serotonin, sumatriptan, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Serotonin receptors have been found in several reproductive organs as well as in the central nervous system. Serotonin-binding sites have been demonstrated in duck ovarian follicles and the testis, hamster ovaries, human granulosa cells and mouse placenta. Local production of serotonin by the rat ovary, oviduct, uterus and testis has also been reported. We analyzed the expression of three types of serotonin receptors: 5-HT1B, 5-HT2C and 5-HT1D by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in mouse unfertilized oocytes and preimplantation embryos from zygotes to the blastocyst stage in vivo. Transcripts for 5-HT1B and 5-HT2C serotonin receptors were detected neither in unfertilized oocytes nor at any stages of in vivo developing preimplantation embryos. Serotonin 5-HT1D receptor mRNA was present in unfertilized oocytes, zygotes, 2-cell embryos, compacted morulae and in vivo produced expanded blatocysts. The expression of the mRNA 5-HT1D serotonin receptor was also detected in blastocysts cultured in vitro. When added to the culture medium, specific serotonin 5-HT1D agonist sumatriptan (1 μM) significantly inhibited the development of mouse embryos cultured in vitro. Demonstration of the expression of 5-HT1D serotonin receptor in mouse oocytes and preimplantation embryos supports the idea of a functional serotonin (5-HT1D) receptor in early mammalian development., J. Veselá, P. Rehák, J. Mihalik, S. Czikková, J. Pokorný, J. Koppel., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
625. Expression profiling of Nme7 interactome in experimental models of metabolic syndrome
- Creator:
- Lucie Šedová, Školníková, E, Hodúlová, M, Josef Včelák, Ondřej Šeda, and Běla Bendlová
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, syndrom inzulinové rezistence, insulin resistance syndrome, metabolic syndrome, transcriptomics, recombinant inbred strains, ciliopathy, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Nucleoside diphosphate kinase 7, non-metastatic cells 7 (NME7) is an acknowledged member of ciliome and is involved in the biogenesis or function of cilia. As obesity and diabetes are common in several ciliopathies, we aimed to analyze changes of gene expression within Nme7 interactome in genetically designed rat models of metabolic syndrome. We assessed the liver transcriptome by Affymetrix microarrays in adult males of 14 PXO recombinant inbred rat strains and their two progenitor strains, SHR-Lx and BXH2. In the strains with the lowest expression of Nme7, we have identified significant enrichment of transcripts belonging to Nme7 interactome. In the subsequent network analysis, we have identified three major upstream regulators - Hnf4a , Ppara and Nr1h4 and liver steatosis (p=0.0001) and liver necrosis/cell death (apoptosis of liver cells, p=0.0003) among the most enriched Tox categories. The mechanistic network reaching the top score showed substantial overlap with Assembly of non-motile cilium and Glucose metabolism disorder gene lists. In summary, we show in a genetic model of metabolic syndrome that rat strains with the lowest expression of Nme7 present gene expression shifts of Nme7 interactome that are perturbing networks relevant for carbohydrate and lipid metabolism as well as ciliogenesis., L. Šedová, E. Školníková, M. Hodúlová, J. Včelák, O. Šeda, B. Bendlová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
626. Extracellular space diffusion and extrasynaptic transmission
- Creator:
- Lýdia Vargová and Eva Syková
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, neurofyziologie, difuze, magnetická rezonance, neurophysiology, diffusion, magnetic resonance (physics), extracellular volume, tortuosity, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The diffusion of neuroactive substances in the extracellular space (ECS) plays an important role in short- and long-distance communication between nerve cells and is the underlying mechanism of extrasynaptic (volume) transmission. The diffusion properties of the ECS are described by three parameters: 1. ECS volume fraction α (α = ECS volume/ total tissue volume), 2. tortuosity λ (λ2 = free /apparent diffusion coefficient), reflecting the presence of diffusion barriers represented by, e.g., fine neuronal and glial processes or extracellular matrix molecules and 3. nonspecific uptake k’. These diffusion parameters differ in various brain regions, and diffusion in the CNS is therefore inhomogeneous. Moreover, diffusion barriers may channel the migration of molecules in the ECS, so that diffusion is facilitated in a certain direction, i.e. diffusion in certain brain regions is anisotropic. Changes in the diffusion parameters have been found in many physiological and pathological states in which cell swelling, glial remodeling and extracellular matrix changes are key factors influencing diffusion. Changes in ECS volume, tortuosity and anisotropy significantly affect the accumulation and diffusion of neuroactive substances in the CNS and thus extrasynaptic transmission, neuron-glia communication, transmitter „spillover“ and synaptic cross-talk as well as cell migration, drug delivery and treatment., L. Vargová, E. Syková., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliiografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
627. Eye tracking using artificial neural networks for human computer interaction
- Creator:
- Demjén, E., Aboši, V., and Zoltán Tomori
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, interakce člověk-počítač, neuronové sítě (počítačová věda), human-computer interaction, neural networks, gaze control, eye tracking, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This paper describes an ongoing project that has the aim to develop a low cost application to replace a computer mouse for people with physical impairment. The application is based on an eye tracking algorithm and assu mes that the camera and the head position are fixed. Color tracking and template matching methods are used for pupil detection. Calibration is provided by neural networks as well as by parametric interpolation methods. Neural networks use back-propagation for learning and bipolar sigmoid function is chosen as the activation function. The user’s eye is scanned with a simple web camera with backlight compensation which is attached to a head fixation device. Neural networks significantly outperform parametric interpolation techniques: 1) the calibration proc edure is faster as they require less calibration marks and 2) cursor control is more precise. The system in its current stage of de velopment is able to distinguish regions at least on the level of desktop icons. The main limitation of the proposed method is the lack of head-pose invariance and its relative sensitivity to illumination (especially to incidental pupil reflections)., E. Demjén, V. Aboši, Z. Tomori., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
628. Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia in three patients with apoE 2*(Arg136→Cys) gene variant
- Creator:
- Michal Vrablík, Aleš Hořínek, Richard Češka, Tomáš Štulc, and Tomáš Kvasnička
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, apolipoprotein E, rare variants, familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is a polymorphic protein which occurs in three common isoforms and more than 25 rare variants. Some of the rare apoE variants have been implicated in a dominant mode of inheritance of familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (FD). We have identified three unrelated apoE 2*(Arg136®Cys) carriers with FD. This finding supports the notion that although apoE 2*(Arg136®Cys) mutation is perhaps not sufficient to cause FD itself, the presence of other genetic and/or environmental factors can lead to the phenotypic expression of the disease in the carriers., M. Vrablík, A. Hořínek, R. Češka, T. Štulc, T. Kvasnička., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
629. Familial hypercholesterolemia in the Czech Republic: more than 17 years of systematic screening within the MedPed project
- Creator:
- Michal Vrablík, Martina Vaclová, Tichý, L., Vladimír Soška, Vladimír Bláha, Lenka Fajkusová, Richard Češka, Šatný, M., and Tomáš Freiberger
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, familiární hypercholesterolémie, familial hypercholesterolemia, LDL-cholesterol, cascade screening, MedPed, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is the most common autosomal dominant disorder. It is characterized by a de crease in LDL cholesterol catabolism and an early clinical manifestation of atherosclerotic vessel damage. The aim of the MedPed (Make early diagnosis to Prevent early deaths) project is an early diagnosis of FH patients in order to profit from early treat ment and prevent cardiov ascular events. Till November 30, 2016 The Czech National MedPed Database has registered 7,001 FH patients from 5,223 different families that is 17.4 % of expected patients in the Czech Republic considering 1:250 FH prevalence. The improvement in diagnostic accuracy, patient cooperation and above all familial cascade screening is enabled by FH mutation detection using the modern technology of next-generation sequencing. FH still remain undiagnosed even though the Czech Republic is on e of the most successful countries with respect to FH detection. The opportunities of international collaboration and experience sharing within international programs (e.g. EAS FHSC, ScreenPro FH etc.) will improve the detection of FH patients in the futur e and enable even more accessible and accurate genetic diagnostics., M. Vrablík, M. Vaclová, L. Tichý, V. Soška, V. Bláha, L. Fajkusová, R. Češka, M. Šatný, T. Freiberger., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
630. Family history of diabetes mellitus determines insulin sensitivity and ß cell function in polycystic ovary syndrome
- Creator:
- Jana Vrbíková, Grimmichová, T., Kateřina Dvořáková, Martin Hill, Soňa Stanická, and Karel Vondra
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, endokrinologie, syndrom polycystických ovarií, inzulinová rezistence, diabetes mellitus, endocrinology, polycystic ovary syndrome, insulin resistance, insulin secretion, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Objective: To examine the impact of family history of diabetes mellitus 2 (DM 2) on insulin sensitivity and secretion in lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Thirteen healthy women (C), 14 PCOS without family history of DM 2 (FH-) and 8 PCOS with family history of DM 2 (FH+) were examined using euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp and an arginine secretion test (insulin and glucagon at fasting glycemia (AIRFG and AGRFG) and at hyperglycemia (AIR14 and AG 14)). FH+ women were more insulin resistant than FH- with lower insulin sensitivity index corrected per lean body mass (p<0.05). They had significantly higher triglycerides (p<0.05) and lower HDL-cholesterol (p<0.05) than C or FH- women. Concerning insulin secretion, AIR FG was increased in FH+ women comparing FH- women (p<0.05). Disposition indices derived from AIRFG or AIR14 and insulin sensitivity index did not differ between FH+ or FH-. Thus, women with PCOS with the concomitant family history of DM 2 have lower insulin sensitivity than healthy control women. Insulin resistance observed in these women with PCOS is compensated by increased insulin secretion., J. Vrbíková, T. Grimmichová, K, Dvořáková, M. Hill, S. Stanická, K. Vondra., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public