Komedie o třech jednáních, kterou pražský, německy píšící židovský spisovatel, básník a dramatik dokončil roku 1909., Veselohra Huga Saluse se odehrává na konci osmnáctého století, situována je do Itálie a a děj je zasazen do divadelního prostředí. Salus, který během svého života napsal pouze dva texty pro jevištní uvedení, se v tomto kusu výrazně přiklání k novoromantickému pojetí, jež je jedním z výrazných rysů jeho tvorby. Předkládá zde nenáročný příběh o trablech a nesnázích hereckého souboru, v němž pochopitelně nemohou chybět a velkou roli hrají "úklady a láska"., Von Hugo Salus, and Dramatická literatura v němčině. (Divadelní hry. Rozhlasové hry. Filmové scénáře. Televizní scénáře.)
The article looks at the issue of Roma migration from Slovakia and places it in the context of European post-communist migration in the 1990s and migration from eastern to western Europe in the early 21st century. The article is based mainly on qualitative data that the author and his colleagues collected in the form of migration biographies. The author shows that unlike Roma migration from Bulgaria and Romania to western states, migration from the Czech Republic and Slovakia was a delayed occurrence and culminated eight to ten years after the migration from the Balkan states. However, migration between the Czech Republic and Slovakia was continuous, even after the break up of the Czechoslovak state. This form of migration has been a significant migration flow since 1945. It was initially a form of chain migration, with continuous flows that resulted in the creation of linked networks of relatives in both the source and target countries. The migration bridge that was formed as a result now serves a two-way flow of Roma short-term and long-term migration. The author demonstrates that the formation of migration bridges between Slovakia and western European countries within the European Union is similar in nature to the Roma migration from Slovakia to the Czech Republic after 1945. It is a continuous form of chain migration creating transnational bridges for two-way short-term and long-term migration based on family relationships. The author states that individual settlements in Slovakia choose different migration strategies and there are business activities that make migration from Slovakia easier. He notes that many Roma from Slovakia do not conceive migration from Slovakia as permanent migration. The majority of them continue to see their future in connection with their birthplace in Slovakia. It is only the generation of the children of current migrants who have begun to consider emigrating permanently out of Slovakia.
This paper describes the application of X-ray specular reflectivity and grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering methods for complex characterization of randomly rough interfaces in multiplayer mirrors. The capability of the microscopic layer growth model to estimate thermal stability and scale interface properities is demonstrated here for an ultra-short period W/B4C mirror. The information obtained is not only crucial for practical applications of mirrors but also brings new knowledge relevant to interface physics., Článok popisuje aplikáciu metód röntgenovej spekulárnej reflektivity a malouhlového röntgenového rozptylu pri šikmom dopade (GISAXS) na komplexnú charakterizáciu náhodne drsných rozhraní v multivrstvových zrkadlách. Na príklade interferenčného multivrstvového zrkadla W/B4C s vel'mi malou periodou sú ukázané možnosti analýzy tepelnej stabiIity a korelačných a škálovacích vlastností rozhraní v rámci mikroskopického modelu rastu vrstiev. Získané informácie sú určujúce pre praktické aplikácie zrkadla a prinášajú tiež nové poznatky z fyziky rozhraní., Matej, Jergel, Peter Šiffalovič, Eva Majková, Štefan Luby., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Metóda založená na meraní odrazivosti röntgenového žiarenia pri dopade pod malými uhlami na povrch skúmanej vzorky sa stala dôležitým nástrojom v biofyzikálnom výskume. Uplatňuje sa pri skúmaní vlastností tenkých organických vrstiev lipidov, proteínov a iných biopolymérov, surfaktantov atď. V článku je podaný krátky výklad fyzikálnej podstaty tejto metódy a jej aplikácie pri štúdiu štruktúrnych parametrov dvojzložkových membránových modelových systémov líšiacich sa v zložení lipidov a vo fázovom stave., In recent decades, X-ray reflectometry, an experimental technique based on measuring the reflected X-ray intensity from surfaces upon illumination under small angles, became an important tool in biophysical research. It is often used for the investigation and study of properties of thin organic lipid layers, proteins and other biopolymers, surfactants, etc. In the presented article, we introduce the teoretical foundations of this physical method and its applications. In particular, we discuss our recent experimental study of structural parameters of double-compound membrane model systems, which differ in lipid composition and phase state., Eva Nováková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Enhanced production of superoxide radicals by nicotinamideadenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase in the brain and/or kidney of salt hypertensive Dahl rats has been proposed to participate in the pathogenesis of this form of experimental hypertension. Most information was obtained in young Dahl saltsensitive (DS) rats subjected to high salt intake prior to sexual maturation. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate whether salt hypertension induced in adult DS rats is also accompanied with a more pronounced oxidative stress in the brain or kidney as compared to Dahl salt-resistant (DR) controls. NADPH oxidase activity as well as the content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and conjugated dienes (oxidative index), which indicate a degree of lipid peroxidation, were evaluated in two brain regions (containing either hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus or rostral ventrolateral medulla) as well as in renal medulla and cortex. High salt intake induced hypertension in DS rats but did not modify blood pressure in DR rats. DS and DR rats did not differ in NADPH oxidase-dependent production of ROS, TBARS content or oxidative index in either part of the brain. In addition, high-salt diet did not change significantly any of these brain parameters. In contrast, the enhanced NADPH oxidase-mediated ROS production (without significant signs of increased lipid peroxidation) was detected in the renal medulla of salt hypertensive DS rats. Our findings suggest that there are no signs of enhanced oxidative stress in the brain of adult Dahl rats with salt hypertension induced in adulthood., M. Vokurková, H. Rauchová, L. Řezáčová, I. Vaněčková, J. Zicha., and Obsahuje bibliografii