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2392. Celiakie – současný pohled na etiopatogenezi, diagnostiku a terapii
- Creator:
- Falt, Přemysl, Fojtík, Petr, and Šmajstrla, Vít
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, přehledy, and TEXT
- Subject:
- celiakie--diagnóza--etiologie--patologie--terapie, bezlepková dieta, střevní sliznice--imunologie, Triticum, alergie na pšenici--imunologie, příznaky a symptomy ústrojí trávicího, autoimunitní nemoci, imunologické testy--metody, diferenciální diagnóza, and lidé
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Celiakie je časté celoživotní autoimunitní onemocnění spuštěné konzumací lepku u geneticky predisponovaných jedinců. Chronické zánětlivé změny vedou k poškození sliznice tenkého střeva s následnou vilózní atrofií provázenou chronickou maldigescí a malabsorpcí. Neléčená celiakie je spojena s širokým spektrem střevních a mimostřevních obtíží a komplikací, z nichž nejzávažnější je lymfom tenkého střeva. Zlatým standardem diagnostiky je stanovení specifických autoprotilátek a průkaz vilózní atrofie v biopsii z duodenální sliznice. Kauzální a ve většině případů efektivní léčbou je celoživotní striktní bezlepková dieta, která vede k restituci sliznice tenkého střeva a snížení rizika závažných komplikací., Coeliac disease is a common lifelong autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten consumption in genetically predisposed patients. Chronic inflammatory response damages the mucosa of the small intestine resulting in villous atrophy with chronic maldigestion and malabsorption. Untreated coeliac disease may present with a variety of intestinal and extraintestinal symptoms and complications, the most serious of which is a small intestine lymphoma. The diagnosis is usually established by specific serology markers and villous atrophy in duodenal biopsy. The causal and, in most cases, effective treatment modality is a strict and life‑long gluten‑free diet that leads to regeneration of the intestinal mucosa and reduces the risk of serious complications., and Falt P., Fojtík P., Šmajstrla V.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
2393. Celiakie u pacientů s diabetes mellitus 1. typu
- Creator:
- Haladová, Iva, Čechurová, Daniela, Lacigová, Silvie, Gruberová, Jitka, Rušavý, Zdeněk, and Balihar, Karel
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, práce podpořená grantem, and TEXT
- Subject:
- dospělí, lidé, lidé středního věku, mužské pohlaví, ženské pohlaví, retrospektivní studie, celiakie--diagnóza--dietoterapie--epidemiologie, diabetes mellitus 1. typu--imunologie--komplikace, bezlepková dieta, prevalence, index tělesné hmotnosti, biopsie, imunoglobulin A--krev, autoprotilátky--imunologie--krev, hemoglobin A glykosylovaný--analýza, transglutaminasy--krev, and enterobiopsie
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Cíl: Zjistit prevalenci celiakie u dospělých pacientů s diabetes mellitus 1. typu (DM1T). Vliv nově zahájené léčby celiakie na kompenzaci diabetu a body mass index (BMI) pacientů. Chování protilátek proti tkáňové transglutamináze (atTG) po roce od zahájení léčby. Metodika: Retrospektivní hodnocení cíleného screeningu na celiakii v období 1. 1. 2007–1. 7. 2011 u 465 dospělých pacientů s DM1T v Diabetologickém centru I. interní kliniky LF UK a FN Plzeň (80 % všech pacientů s DM1T). Při pozitivitě atTG-A (popř. atTG-G) byla indikována enterobiopsie. U pacientů s nově indikovanou bezlepkovou dietou byl porovnán HbA1c a BMI v průběhu roku před stanovením diagnózy celiakie vs období 1 roku po 6 měsících od zahájení léčby (3–4 kontroly). Po roce od zahájení léčby byla kontrolována hladina atTG. Ke statistice byl použit párový t-test. Výsledky: Prevalence všech forem celiakie v souboru byla 10,5 %. 1,1 % pacientů (5 ze 465) mělo diagnostikovanou celiakii v dětství. Nově byla pozitivita atTG zachycena u 9,5 % (44 ze 465) pacientů – indikováni k enterobiopsii. Z toho 3 pacienti s atTG > 300 kIU/l odmítli enterobiopsii, u těchto pacientů je celiakie vysoce pravděpodobná a pro malkomplianci nešlo hodnotit vliv bezlepkové diety na BMI a HbA1c. 22 pacientů mělo potenciální formu celiakie (negativní histologie). Pozitivní nález z enterobiopsie byl zjištěn u 19 pacientů (4,1 %). Z podsouboru 22 pacientů (nově indikována bezlepková dieta), bylo nutné vyřadit další 3 pacienty (vývoj HbA1c a BMI byl ovlivněn prvozáchytem DM1T). Charakteristika podsouboru: 9 žen a 7 mužů, průměrný věk 38 ? 12 let, trvání diabetu 21 ? 13 let, celiakie diagnostikována 20,7 ? 13 let od záchytu DM1T. Během sledovaného období nedošlo ke statisticky významné změně bazální hodnoty HbA1c 67 ? 11,4 vs 69 ? 13,9 mmol/mol po sledování a významně se zvýšil BMI z 25,4 ? 4,2 na 25,9 ? 4,3 (p < 0,01). Po roce přetrvávala pozitivita atTG u 47 % (9 z 19) pacientů. Závěr: V souboru dospělých pacientů s DM1T byla zjištěna celková prevalence celiakie 10,5 %. Po zahájení léčby nedošlo k významné změně HbA1c, došlo k významnému vzestupu BMI. Pozitivita atTG přetrvávala po roce u 47 % pacientů., Objective: To assess the prevalence of celiac disease in adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Influence the new started treatment of celiac disease on glycemic control and body mass index (BMI) of the patients. Prevail the anti-transglutaminase antibody (atTG) positivity one year after commencement of the therapy. Methods: A retrospective assessment of celiac disease targeted screening in 465 adult T1DM patients at Diabetes Center, 1st Medical Department, University Hospital in Pilsen (80 % of all T1DM patients) from 1. 1. 2007 until 1. 7. 2011. Enterobiopsy was indicated in case of atTG-A (or atTG-G) positivity. In patients with newly started gluten-free diet, HbA1c and BMI within a year after diagnosis of celiac disease were compared to a year period six months after treatment commencement (3–4 visits), atTG was evaluated one year after treatment beginning. Paired T-test was used for statistical evaluation. Results: The prevalence of all forms of celiac disease in the studied group was 10.5 %. Celiac disease diagnosed in childhood was found in 1.1 % patients (5/465). Positivity of atTG was newly observed in 9.5 % (44/465) patients. Three patients with atTG > 300 kIU/l refused the enterobiopsy examination. Celiac disease is highly plausible. The influence of gluten-free diet on BMI and HbA1c could not be evaluated due to the lack of compliance. 22 patients had a potential form of celiac disease (negative histology). Positive enterobiopsy was found in 19 patients (4.1 %). Another 3 patients had to be excluded from the subgroup of 22 patients (newly indicated gluten-free diet) as the HbA1c values and BMI were affected by the primary diagnosis of T1DM. Subgroup characteristics: 9 women and 7 men, mean age 38 ? 12 years, diabetes duration 21 ? 13 years, celiac disease diagnosed 20.7 ? 13 years since first diagnosis of T1DM. No statistically significant change in HbA1c (67 ? 11.4 vs 69 ? 13.9 mmol/mol) was observed in the studied period, however and a significant change of BMI from 25.4 ? 4.2 to 25.9 ? 4.3 (p < 0.01) was found. The atTG positivity prevailed in 47 % (9/19) of patients after one year. Conclusion: A total prevalence of the celiac disease in the group of adult T1DM patients was 10.5 %. No significant change in HbA1c occurred following treatment, a significant change of BMI was observed. The atTG positivity prevailed in 47 % of patients after one year., and Iva Haladová, Daniela Čechurová, Silvie Lacigová, J. Gruberová, Zdeněk Rušavý, Karel Balihar
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
2394. Celiakie u pacientů s diabetes mellitus 1. typu – editorial
- Creator:
- Prázný, Martin
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, komentáře, and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Martin Prázný
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
2395. Cell stratification, spheroid formation and bioscaffolds used to grow cells in three dimensional cultures
- Creator:
- Hrebíková, Hana, Čížková, Dana, Chvátalová, Jana, Pisal, Rishikaysh, Adamčik, Richard, Beznoska, Pavel, Díaz-Garcia, Daniel, and Mokrý, Jaroslav
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, časopisecké články, práce podpořená grantem, and TEXT
- Subject:
- zvířata, buněčné kultury, buněčné linie, proliferace buněk--fyziologie, hepatocyty--fyziologie, lidé, myši, myoblasty, sféroidy buněčné--fyziologie, tkáňové inženýrství--metody, and tkáňové podpůrné struktury
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The cell culture became an invaluable tool for studying cell behaviour, development, function, gene expression, toxicity of compounds and efficacy of novel drugs. Although most results were obtained from cell cultivation in two-dimensional (2D) systems, in which cells are grown in a monolayer, three-dimensional (3D) cultures are more promising as they correspond closely to the native arrangement of cells in living tissues. In our study, we focused on three types of 3D in vitro systems used for cultivation of one cell type. Cell morphology, their spatial distribution inside of resulting multicellular structures and changes in time were analysed with histological examination of samples harvested at different time periods. In multilayered cultures of WRL 68 hepatocytes grown on semipermeable membranes and non-passaged neurospheres generated by proliferation of neural progenitor cells, the cells were tightly apposed, showed features of cell differentiation but also cell death that was observable in short-term cultures. Biogenic scaffolds composed of extracellular matrix of the murine tibial anterior muscle were colonized with C2C12 myoblasts in vitro. The recellularized scaffolds did not reach high cell densities comparable with the former systems but supported well cell anchorage and migration without any signs of cell regression. and H. Hrebíková, D. Čížková, J. Chvátalová, R. Pisal, R. Adamčik, P. Beznoska, D. Díaz-Garcia, J. Mokrý
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
2396. Cell-penetrating peptides: a useful tool for the delivery of various cargoes into cells
- Creator:
- Böhmová, E, Drahomíra Machová, Michal Pechar, Pola, R, Květoslava Venclíková, Olga Janoušková, and Tomáš Etrych
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- peptidy, buňky, peptids, cells, cell-penetrating peptides, cell penetration, drug delivery, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Cell-penetrating compounds are substances that enhance the cellular uptake of various molecular cargoes that do not easily cross the cellular membrane. The majority of cell-penetrating compounds described in the literature are cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). This review summarizes the various structural types of cell-penetrating compounds, with the main focus on CPPs. The authors present a brief overview of the history of CPPs, discuss the various types of conjugation of CPPs to biologically active cargoes intended for cell internalization, examine the cell-entry mechanisms of CPPs, and report on the applications of CPPs in research and in preclinical and clinical studies., E. Böhmová, D. Machová, M. Pechar, R. Pola, K. Venclíková, O. Janoušková, T. Etrych., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
2397. Cellular and nerve fibre catecholaminergic thymic network: steroid hormone dependent activity
- Creator:
- Leposavić, G., Pilipović, I., and Perišić, M.
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, brzlík, sexuální dimorfismus, glukokortikoidy, thymus, sexual dimorphism, glucocorticoids, catecholamines, adrenoceptors, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The thymus plays a critical role in establishing and maintaining the peripheral T-cell pool. It does so by providing a microenvironment within which T-cell precursors differentiate and undergo selection processes to create a functional population of major histocompatibility complex-restricted, self-tolerant T cells. These cells are central to adap tive immunity. Thymic T-cell development is influenced by loca lly produced soluble factors and cell-to-cell interactions, as well as by sympathetic noradrenergic and endocrine system signalling. Thymic lymphoid and non- lymphoid cells have been shown not only to express β - and α 1 - adrenoceptors (ARs), but also to synthesize catecholamines (CAs). Thus, it is suggested that CAs influence T-cell development via both neurocrine/endocrine and autocrine/ paracrine action, and that they serve as immunotransmitters between thymocytes and nerves. CAs acting at multiple sites along the thymocyte developmental route affect T-cell generation not only numerically, but also qualitatively. Thymic CA level and synthesis, as well as AR expression exhibit sex steroid-mediated sexual dimorphism. Moreover, the influence of CAs on T-cell development exhibits glucocorticoid-dependent plasticity. This review summarizes recent findings in this field and our current understanding of complex and multifaceted neuroendocrine- immune communications at thymic level., G. Leposavić, I. Pilipović, M. Perišić., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
2398. Cellular differentiation of non-transformed intestinal epithelial cells is regulated by Lactobacillus rhamnosus and L. casei strains
- Creator:
- Jiřina Kolínská, Zákostelecká, M, Dvořák, B, Hana Kozáková, Goliáš, J, Lisa, V, and Zdeňka Zemanová
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fyziologie člověka, human physiology, IEC-18, Lactobacillus, IL-18, TLRs, Caspase-1, Villin, β-catenin, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Summary The aim of this study was to characterize an in vitro modulating effect of three commensal Lactobacillus strains on cellular differentiation of non-transformed crypt-like rat small intestinal cell line IEC-18. IEC-18 was grown on extracellular matrix, with or without presence of Lactobacillus strains. Gene expression of IEC-18 bacterial detection system - such as Toll-like receptors TLR-2, TLR-4, signal adapter MyD88, cytoplasmic NOD2 receptor, inflammatory cytokines IL-18, IL-1β, chemokine IL-8 and enzyme caspase-1 - was evaluated using real-time PCR. Expression and localization of TLR-2, TLR-4, IL-18 and caspase-1 proteins was demonstrated by Western blotting and immunofluorescent staining. Secretion of IL-18 to apical and basolateral surfaces was assayed by ELISA. Our results suggested that L. casei LOCK0919 accelerated differentiation of IEC-18 by stimulating TLR-2, TLR-4, MyD88, IL-18, caspase-1 mRNAs and proteins. L. casei LOCK0919 increased expression and transfer of villin and β-catenin from cytoplasm to cell membrane. Presence of L. rhamnosus LOCK0900 resulted in detachment of IEC-18 layer from extracellular matrix leading to induction of IL-1β, of TLR-2 and IL-8 mRNAs and stimulation of MyD88, caspase-1 and cytosolic receptor NOD2 mRNAs. L. rhamnosus LOCK0908 was not recognized by TLR-2 or TLR-4 receptors. Lactobacilli-IEC-18 crosstalk enhanced immune and barrier mucosal functions., J. Kolínská, M. Zákostelecká, Z. Zemanová, V. Lisa, J. Goliáš, H. Kozáková, B. Dvořák., and Seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
2399. Cellular immune response of the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), to infection by the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana
- Creator:
- Shen, Dongxu, Li, Miao, Chu, Yuan, Lang, Minglin, and An, Chunju
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, motýli, zavíječovití, fagocytóza, butterflies, Pyralidae, phagocytosis, Lepidoptera, Ostrinia furnacalis, cellular immune response, haemocyte, nodulation, Beauveria bassiana, entomopathogenic fungus, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The term cellular immune response refers to haemocyte-mediated responses, including phagocytosis, nodulation, and encapsulation. In the present study, we identified five types of circulating haemocytes in larvae of the haemolymph of the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), including granulocytes, oenocytoids, plasmatocytes, prohaemocytes, and spherulocytes. The relative number of total free haemocytes per larva decreased significantly 0.5, 24, and 36 h after the injection of Beauveria bassiana conidia. Upon conidia challenge, both phagocytosis and nodulation were observed in the collected haemolymph from O. furnacalis larvae. In addition, plasma was found to be necessary for both phagocytosis and nodulation. Therefore, we here confirm that phagocytosis and nodulation are involved in O. funacalis larvae during their fight against infection by B. bassiana, and further, that the cellular immune response of O. furnacalis helps eliminate the invading organisms despite the fact that not all the fungal conidia are killed., Dongxu Shen, Miao Li, Yuan Chu, Minglin Lang, Chunju An., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
2400. Cellular responses to egg-oil (charismon©)
- Creator:
- Bereiter-Hahn, Jürgen, Bernd, August, Beschmann, Heike, Eberle, Irina, Kippenberger, Stefan, Rossberg, Maila, Strecker, Valentina, and Zöller, Nadja
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, časopisecké články, and TEXT
- Subject:
- zvířata, apoptóza--účinky léků, buněčné linie, pohyb buněk--účinky léků, proliferace buněk--účinky léků, buněčné dýchání--účinky léků, buňky kultivované, kur domácí, cytokiny--metabolismus, vejce, epidermis--cytologie, lidé, membránový potenciál mitochondrií--účinky léků, oleje--chemie--farmakologie, reaktivní formy kyslíku--metabolismus, sluneční spáleniny--farmakoterapie, and hojení ran--účinky léků
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Egg-oil (Charismon©) is known for its beneficial action in wound healing and other skin irritancies and its antibacterial activity. The physiological basis for these actions has been investigated using cells in culture: HaCaT-cells (immortalized human keratinocytes), human endothelial cells in culture (HUVEC), peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocytes (PBML) and a full thickness human skin model (FTSM). Emphasis was on the influence of egg-oil on cell migration and IL-8 production in HaCaT cells, respiration, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen (ROS)production and proliferation in HUVEC and HaCaT cells, cytokine and interleukin production in PBML and UV-light induced damage of FTSM. IL-8 production by HaCaT cells is stimulated by egg-oil whilst in phythemagglutinin-activated PBMLs production of the interleukins IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-γ and TFN-α is reduced. ROS-production after H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> stimulation first is enhanced but later on reduced. Respiration becomes activated due to partial uncoupling of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and proliferation of HaCaT and HUVEC is reduced. Recovery of human epidermis cells in FTSM after UV-irradiation is strongly supported by egg-oil. These results support the view that egg-oil acts through reduction of inflammatory processes and ROS production. Both these processes are equally important in cellular aging as in healing of chronic wounds. and J. Bereiter-Hahn, A. Bernd, H. Beschmann, I. Eberle, S. Kippenberger, M. Rossberg, V. Strecker, N. Zöller
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public