Discussion Section
The contributions reply to several theses contained in Blanka Soukupová´s study and reactions of the research fellows from the Institute of European Ethnology (both contributions were published in the previous issue of the Ethnographical Journal), First, Blanka Soukupová responds to some impulses of the research fellows from the Brno university institution, she refers to Antonín Václavík´s activities during the period of the First Czechoslovak Republic and Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. Karel Altman´s text (Antonín Václavík - kolaborant? (K rozvoji českého národopisu v době tzv. protektorátu a jeho poválečným důsledkům [Antonín Václavík - a Collaborationist? (On the Development of Czech Ethnology in the Period of the So-Called Protectorate and its Post-War Consequences)]) is based on the analysis of ethnological and historical literature and the study of archival sources. Based on the collected information, the text tries to disprove Blanka Soukupová´s pronouncement about Antonín Václavík´s collaborationism in the first half of the 1940s. The closing contribution by Josef Jančář called Evropská etnologie a český národopis [The European Ethnology and Czech Ethnography] sets the use of the word “ethnography” into the period context of the first half of the 20th century. Using the example of the ethnographic area of Slovácko, it also explains how dangerous it is to simplify some historical facts. Although several groups of collaborationists actively used the symbolism of national costumes or relation to the region or Moravia, they are only one of the wide range of activities (in contrary, many of them featured resistance nature) developed by the inhabitants of the region during the period of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. and K tomuto článku je připojeno závěrečné shrnutí a klíčová slova k předchozí polemice o Antonínu Václavíkovi
European Optical Society (EOS) is composed from 18 national societies (branches or affiliated societies) and individual members from more than 40 countries. Since several years, it plays important role in the organization of optics and photonics in Europe. The paper shortly overviews present activities of EOS with a focus to recent EOS Annual Topical Meeting. and Evropská optická společnost (EOS) je tvořena 18 národními společnostmi a jednotlivci z více než 40 zemí (celkem 6000 členů). V posledních letech hraje stále významnější roli v organizování optiky v Evropě. V příspěvku je krátce nastíněna její aktuální činnost v evropských aktivitách v optice a fotonice se zaměřením na právě skončenou konferenci EOS Annual Topical Meeting.
This paper was prepared in 1964 as a thesis for the Tokio ISFNR conference report, but the author couldn’t participate in this conference. This report deals with identical motifs in the European (Czech and Moravian) folklore and in the non-European sources, namely in the Near East ones. It mentions cooperation of folkloristics with comparative linguistics and archeology. Benefit of this cooperation is evident especially in the ancient culture studies, when the folkloristics can utilize the results of the archeological discoveries. A thorough study of those ancient discoveries proves that roots of some European literary traditions may be found already in Mesopotamia (motifs of dragons and demons, etc.).
Tato stať se zabývá analýzou veřejného mínění obyvatel neevropských zemí a jejich pohledem na Evropskou unii. Studie přitom není analýzou zahraniční či obchodní politiky těchto zemí, nýbrž vychází z postojů obyvatel těchto zemí. Občané těchto zemí hodnotí EU nejčastěji jako „soft power“ a jako ekonomickou velmoc. Vysoce ceněné jsou nadále také aktivity v oblasti mírových rekonstrukcí bývalých válečných regionů, vytýkáno je jí však, že málo využívá svého ekonomického potenciálu při řešení konfliktů. Shodně jí však také kritizují za protekcionistickou politiku v oblasti dovozu. Politicky ovšem unie nadále zůstává víceméně nevýznamným aktérem mezinárodních vztahů., This article deals with the analysis of public opinion in the non-European countries and with their view about the European Union. The study is not yet an analysis of foreign and trade policies of these countries, but it based on the opini - ons of their inhabitants. The citizens of these countries assessed the EU as “soft power” and as an economic superpower. Highly valued are the activities in the field of peaceful reconstruction of the former war regions, however, it is alleged that it uses few use its economical potential in resolving conflicts. However the Union is criticized for their protectionist policies in the import. Politically remains the union largely unimportant player in international relations., and Lukáš, Novotný.