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30852. Two approaches to event ontology
- Creator:
- Zeleňák, Eugen
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- metametaphysics, event ontology, semantics, D. Davidson, J. Kim, and D. Lewis
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- In the paper, I distinguish between the semantic and the ''direct'' approach to event ontology. The first approach, employed by D. Davidson, starts with logical analysis of natural language. This analysis uncovers quantification over the domain of events. Thus, we have ontological commitment to events and, at the same time, also a suggestion of how to view their nature. The second approach, used by J. Kim and D. Lewis, deals with events ''directly'', i.e. not by analyzing language first. Events are postulated because they are useful in other theories (of causation, explanation, etc.) and their nature is adjusted to the needs of these theories. In the paper, I analyze both approaches and outline their problems and advantages. I conclude that we should conditionally prefer the latter approach on methodological grounds. This preference is based on the assumption that submitting hypotheses to tests seems to be a crucial part of metaphysical methodology. Since the ''direct'' approach to event ontology allows for more testing, it should be preferred over the semantic approach., V příspěvku rozlišuji mezi sémantickým a ,,přímým'' přístupem k ontologii událostí. První přístup, který používá D. Davidson, začíná logickou analýzou přirozeného jazyka. Tato analýza odhaluje kvantifikaci v oblasti událostí. Máme proto ontologický závazek k událostem a zároveň i návrh na to, jak se dívat na jejich povahu. Druhý přístup, který používají J. Kim a D. Lewis, se zabývá událostmi ,,přímo'', tj. Ne analýzou jazyka jako první. Události jsou postulovány, protože jsou užitečné v jiných teoriích (příčin, vysvětlení atd.) A jejich povaha je přizpůsobena potřebám těchto teorií. V příspěvku analyzuji oba přístupy a nastiňuji jejich problémy a výhody. Závěrem konstatuji, že bychom měli z metodických důvodů upřednostňovat druhý přístup. Tato preference je založena na předpokladu, že předložení hypotéz k testům se zdá být klíčovou součástí metafyzické metodiky. Protože ,,přímý'' přístup k ontologii událostí umožňuje více testování, mělo by být upřednostňováno před sémantickým přístupem., and Eugen Zeleňák
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
30853. Two classes of Darboux-like, Baire one functions of two variables
- Creator:
- Evans, Michael J. and Humke, Paul D.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Woodcutters Problem, Baire one, and Darboux
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Among the many characterizations of the class of Baire one, Darboux real-valued functions of one real variable, the 1907 characterization of Young and the 1997 characterization of Agronsky, Ceder, and Pearson are particularly intriguing in that they yield interesting classes of functions when interpreted in the two-variable setting. We examine the relationship between these two subclasses of the real-valued Baire one defined on the unit square.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
30854. Two concepts of a lie: Václav Havel on living in a communist regime
- Creator:
- Krása, Ondřej
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Václav Havel, truth, lie, dissent, Jan Patočka, and underground
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- According to Václav Havel’s famous essay The Power of powerless life within a lie is at the core of the communist regime in Czechoslovakia. Life within a lie is characteristic for the great majority of people and is contrasted with life within the truth which is characteristic of dissent movement. In this paper, I will try to shed some light on the concept of “living within a lie.” I will show that Havel develops not one but two concepts of a lie: on the one hand, lie is deliberate pretence; on the other hand, lie is seduction by consumerist values. The first meaning of a lie is derived from Havel’s analysis of the specifics of the Soviet sphere of influence, namely central role of ideology with omnipresent demands on public support of the regime. The second meaning of a lie is heavily influenced by a critical assessment of modern society from the leading figure of the Czech underground movement Ivan Jirous and leading Czech philosopher Jan Patočka. This double meaning of a lie enables Havel to capture both specific problems of living under the communist regime and general problems of living in modern society anywhere in the world. In the final chapters of this paper, I will show that Havel is not clear about how these two meanings of a lie are connected and that there are problems resulting from these unclarities both for Havel’s analysis of the communism and his proposed solution of the crisis.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
30855. Two conferences on logic held in Bochum
- Creator:
- Glavaničová, Daniela
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- Daniela Glavaničová
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
30856. Two convergence theorems for Henstock-Kurzweil integrals and their applications to multiple trigonometric series
- Creator:
- Lee, Tuo-Yeong
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Henstock-Kurzweil integral and regularly convergent multiple series
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- We establish two new norm convergence theorems for Henstock-Kurzweil integrals. In particular, we provide a unified approach for extending several results of R. P. Boas and P. Heywood from one-dimensional to multidimensional trigonometric series.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
30857. Two extension theorems. Modular functions on complemented lattices
- Creator:
- Weber, Hans
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- complemented lattices, orthomodular lattices, exhaustive modular functions, measures, extension, Vitali-Hahn-Saks theorem, Nikodým theorems, and Liapunoff theorem
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- We prove an extension theorem for modular functions on arbitrary lattices and an extension theorem for measures on orthomodular lattices. The first is used to obtain a representation of modular vector-valued functions defined on complemented lattices by measures on Boolean algebras. With the aid of this representation theorem we transfer control measure theorems, Vitali-Hahn-Saks and Nikodým theorems and the Liapunoff theorem about the range of measures to the setting of modular functions on complemented lattices.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
30858. Two ideals connected with strong right upper porosity at a point
- Creator:
- Bilet, Viktoriia, Dovgoshey, Oleksiy, and Prestin, Jürgen
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- matematika, mathematics, one-side porosity, local strong upper porosity, completely strongly porous set, ideal, 13, and 51
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Let SP be the set of upper strongly porous at 0 subsets of \mathbb{R}^{+} and let Î(SP) be the intersection of maximal ideals I\subseteq SP. Some characteristic properties of sets E \in Î(SP) are obtained. We also find a characteristic property of the intersection of all maximal ideals contained in a given set which is closed under subsets. It is shown that the ideal generated by the so-called completely strongly porous at 0 subsets of \mathbb{R}^{+} is a proper subideal of Î(SP). Earlier, completely strongly porous sets and some of their properties were studied in the paper V.Bilet, O.Dovgoshey (2013/2014)., Viktoriia Bilet, Oleksiy Dovgoshey, Jürgen Prestin., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
30859. Two identities related to Dirichlet character of polynomials
- Creator:
- Yao, Weili and Zhang, Wenpeng
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Dirichlet character of polynomials, sum analogous to Kloosterman sum, identity, and Gauss sum
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Let $q$ be a positive integer, $\chi $ denote any Dirichlet character $\mod q$. For any integer $m$ with $(m, q)=1$, we define a sum $C(\chi, k, m; q)$ analogous to high-dimensional Kloosterman sums as follows: $$ C(\chi, k, m; q)=\sum _{a_1=1}^{q}{}' \sum _{a_2=1}^{q}{}' \cdots \sum _{a_k=1}^{q}{}' \chi (a_1+a_2+\cdots +a_k+m\overline {a_1a_2\cdots a_k}), $$ where $a\cdot \overline {a}\equiv 1\bmod q$. The main purpose of this paper is to use elementary methods and properties of Gauss sums to study the computational problem of the absolute value $|C(\chi, k, m; q)|$, and give two interesting identities for it.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
30860. Two innovative methods of dike monitoring
- Creator:
- Pařílková, Jana and Krejčí, Ivan
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- dike, thermistor, electrical impedance, ochranná hráz, termistor, and elektrická impedance
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- Two original electrical methods of dikes monitoring (temperature scalar field and electrical impedance spectrometry) are described in detail. Using these methods, the non-stationary movement of the free water level in the dike can be indicated. The methods also enable to detect the piping in the dike due to the activity of animals. Some results are shown and discussed. and V příspěvku jsou uvedeny dvě neinvazivní metody (metoda měření teplotního skalárního pole a elektrické impedanční spektrometrie), které byly laboratorně ověřeny při monitorování nestacionárního pohybu volné hladiny vody v ochranných hrázích. Tyto metody navržené a ověřené autory příspěvku rovněž umožňují detekovat objemové změny (velikost nádrže při přelití koruny hráze, působení drobných živočichů apod.) konstrukce ochranné hráze. Některé ze získaných výsledků jsou zde uvedeny a diskutovány.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public