Příspěvek se zaměřuje na přehled metodologických přístupů ke korespondenci v domácí novočeské ediční teorii počínaje texty Jana Jakubce, přes články a návrhy zásad od Arne Nováka, Rudolfa Havla, Olgy Svejkovské, Mojmíra Otruby ad., konče skripty Petra Komendy. Pojednává základní tendence jednotlivých přístupů, které byly sice formovány polarizací v pojetí dopisového materiálu (text-dokument x literarizovaný text), sleduje však zároveň dynamiku postupného sbližování obou přístupů ve způsobu edičního zpracování, která koresponduje s proměnami chápání epistolárních pramenů v literární vědě., This paper summarizes the methodological approaches to correspondence in modern Czech editorial theory, from texts by Jan Jakubec to articles and principles put forward by e.g. Arne Novák, Rudolf Havel, Olga Svejkovská, Mojmír Otruba and lecture notes by Petr Komenda. It deals with the basic trends of individual approaches, which were indeed formed through the polarization (i.e. text-document vs. literarized text) in the conception of letter material, but it also follows the dynamics of the gradual rapprochement of these two procedures in editorial method, reflecting changes in the understanding of epistolary sources in literary studies. (Translated by Melvyn Clarke.), and Překlad resumé: Melvyn Clarke
The essay explains Central-European traditional forms of manpower transport, in particular the ways to transport children. Carrying children using different transport aids has a long tradition and many common elements within the researched area, but we can also find many specific techniques and ways of carrying children as well as transport aids there. We can encounter regional archaisms and specifics there which make these ways of transport special. We focus on the oldest and most common transport mean - a wrap that - as a universal mean - served for carrying children until the mid-20th century. We record the ways of carrying children on motheer´s body - in front, on side or on back. The children used to be fixed in more ways as to their age, weight, and occasion to which they were transported (to the field, doctor´s, baptism etc.). We have noticed a special way of carrying children in baskets on mother´s back. Many of these described archaic ways are being revitalised, whereby original carrying techniques, and modern transport aids and materials are used. The essay summarizes results of long-term research and it compares them with materials published in the ethnographic atlases of Slovakia (EAS) and Poland, as well as with Czech works.
Tento článek obsahuje dosavadní poznatky o tradiční amazonské medicíně v České republice. Rovněž je v něm zahrnuta klasifikace pořádaných obřadů a charakteristika jejich pořadatelů a účastníků. Terénní výzkum mezi uživateli tradiční amazonské medicíny byl realizován od listopadu 2015. Výzkumný vzorek tvoří 46 osob (23 žen a 23 mužů), které se v minulosti s tradiční amazonskou medicínou minimálně jednou zúčastnily nějakého typu rituálu. S těmito osobami byly nahrány semi-strukturované rozhovory. Cílem tohoto článku je kategorizovat jejich obsah. Za tímto účelem jsme provedli obsahovou analýzu interview metodou zakotvené teorie. V tomto článku prezentujeme výsledky analýzy prvních 15 rozhovorů. Tyto výsledky potvrzují, že v České republice je nejčastěji užívaným přípravkem z tradiční amazonské medicíny psychoaktivní odvar ayahuasca. V závěru článku jsou uvedena rizika spojená s užíváním psychoaktivních látek., This article assesses the present situation in traditional Amazonian medicine in the Czech Republic. It also classifies the types of organized rituals and characterizes their organizers and participants in the country. The fieldwork among traditional Amazonian medicine users was conducted since November 2015. A total of 46 respondents (23 women and 23 men) who had attended at least one ritual of traditional Amazonian medicine were selected for the study and we recorded with them semi-structured interviews. The aim of this article is to categorize their contents. In order to fulfill this objective, we performed a content analysis of interviews based on the Grounded Theory method. In this article we publish results of analysis of the first 15 interviews. These results confirm that in the Czech Republic a psychoactive brew ayahuasca is the most used preparation from traditional Amazonian medicine. Finally, there are risks associated with the use of psychoactive substances indicated., and Miroslav Horák, Šárka Vosáhlová
This text deals with the traditional methods of carrying materials on frame packs in Krkonoše. Like sleighs or wagons, frame packs were a traditional means of transport, used mainly in the mountains or rugged and hilly regions. Three different types of frame packs
were used in Krkonoše. Frame packs with a shelf were the most common type: they featured atypical shelf onto which the load was placed. Frame packs with a board featured a simple wooden board as the main structural element. The latter type was equipped with straps used to affix the load. It was used by professional porters who often carried 100+ kilogram loads. The third type, known as the bench frame pack, was mostly used for transporting hay. The tough
work of a porter was commonly passed from generation to generation. Porters worked in all seasons and under any and all weather conditions.