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52. Editoriál
- Creator:
- Vrublová, Yvetta
- Format:
- 459, braille, electronic resource, remote, and elektronický zdroj
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, statistics, úvodníky, and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Yvetta Vrublová
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
53. Effect of DRD2/ANKK1 taqIA allelic polymorphism on the risk and prognosis of cervical precancer and cancer
- Creator:
- Cseh, József, Orsós, Zsuzsa, Pázsit, Emese, Marek, Erika, Huszár, András, Ember, István, and Kiss, István
- Format:
- braille, electronic resource, remote, and elektronický zdroj
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, statistics, and TEXT
- Subject:
- cervikální intraepiteliální neoplazie--etiologie--genetika, prekancerózy--genetika, cervix uteri--patologie, infekce papilomavirem, genotyp, receptory dopaminu D2--genetika, riziko, protein-serin-threoninkinasy--genetika, polymorfismus délky restrikčních fragmentů--genetika, polymorfismus genetický, prognóza, nádory děložního čípku--genetika, genetická predispozice k nemoci, následné studie, mladiství, dospělí, ženské pohlaví, lidé, menarche, A1/A1, A1/A2, and A2/A2
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Objectives: The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of dopamine receptor D2 / ankyrin repeat and protein kinase domain containing 1 (DRD2/ANKK1) TaqIA allelic polymorphism in the HPVinduced cervical carcinogenesis. Methods: 1. Effect on the risk of cervical precancer: After an 8year followup, out of 214 women with persisting highrisk HPV infection, 102 developed highgrade cervical dysplasia or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade III, while 112 did not. The subjects were genotyped for the DRD2/ANKK1 TaqIA polymorphism by PCRRFLP, and the allelic distributions were compared between groups with and without highgrade dysplasia. 2. Prognostic value: Two hundred and thirty nine women with cervical precancer/cancer were followed for 5 years. Complete remission was achieved at 182 women. To assess the prognostic value of the TaqIA polymorphism, genotype frequencies were compared between patients reaching and not reaching complete remission. Results: The frequency of A1/A1+A1/A2 genotypes was higher among women who developed highgrade cervical dysplasia (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.053.33; p=0.034) than in the other group. Occurrence of the A1 allele was more frequent among women who did not reach complete remission (OR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.073.74; p=0.030) than in women with complete remission. Conclusions: This is the first report on the possible involvement of DRD2/ANKK1 TaqIA polymorphism in cervical carcinogenesis. The A1 allele seems to increase the risk of cervical precancer, and it may also be associated with a worse prognosis in women with HPVinduced cervical cancer. The results need further validation in largescale molecular epidemiological studies., József Cseh, Zsuzsa Orsós, Emese Pázsit, Erika Marek, András Huszár, István Ember, István Kiss, and Literatura
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
54. Ekonomická globalizace a zdraví
- Creator:
- Mašková, Pavla and Háva, Petr
- Format:
- 2-10, braille, electronic resource, remote, and elektronický zdroj
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, statistics, práce podpořená grantem, and TEXT
- Subject:
- lidé, celosvětové zdraví--dějiny--ekonomika--trendy, and zdravotní politika
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Health performance and economic performance are interlinked. Good health is essential for economic and social development. This paper identifies and describes linkages between economic globalization and health. The aim is to analyze international professional discourse on ways how economic globaliza - tion affects health and to critical reflex development of the Czech health policy in the relation to economic globalization, financial crisis and health. The World Health Organization plays the major role in the studying the health effects resulting globalization. In the other side in the Czech Republic there is - n’t developed the discussion about social determinants of health, he - alth gap, health inequalities, health promotion. The risks of economic globalization aren’t reflected by health policy makers, Pavla Mašková, Petr Háva, and Literatura
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
55. Emočná inteligencia sestier a jej úloha v ošetrovateľstve
- Creator:
- Juhásová, Ingrid, Ilievová, Ľubica, and Baumgartner, František
- Format:
- 589-594, braille, electronic resource, remote, and elektronický zdroj
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, statistics, and TEXT
- Subject:
- lidé, zdravotní sestry--psychologie, emoční inteligence, ošetřovatelská péče--pracovní síly--psychologie, dospělí, lidé středního věku, průzkumy a dotazníky, statistika jako téma, ženské pohlaví, and vztah sestra-pacient
- Language:
- Czech, Slovak, and English
- Description:
- Cieľ: Cieľom štúdie bolo identifikovať úroveň emočnej inteligencie (EI) u sestier a zistiť rozdiely v úrovni EI vzhľadom na vek, dĺžku praxe a vzdelanie sestier. Metodika: Výskumný súbor tvorili sestry (n = 280) poskytujúce starostlivosť pacientom štyroch nemocníc Trnavského kraja. Priemerný vek sestier bol 39,64 (SD = 9,44), dĺžka ich profesijnej praxe bola 18,7 (SD = 10,64). Na meranie úrovne EI boli použité dotazníky, ktoré reprezentujú súčasné prístupy chápania EI. Dotazník SITEMO (Situational Test of Emotional Understanding), zisťuje úroveň EI ako schopnosti, výsledkom je celkové skóre EI, ktoré je dané súčtom správnych odpovedí. Dotazník SEIS (Schutte EI Scale) zisťuje úroveň EI sestier ako črty. Sestry vyjadrovali mieru súhlasu resp. nesúhlasu prostredníctvom 5bodovej Likertovej škály. Pri spracovaní dát boli využité metódy deskriptívnej štatistiky a induktívnej štatistiky. Údaje boli spracované v štatistickom softvéri SPSS 15.0. Výsledky: Zistili sme štatisticky významný rozdiel (p < 0,05) v úrovni EI sestier vzhľadom k ich veku. Pri ostatných sociodemografických znakoch (dĺžka profesijnej praxe, vzdelanie) nebol zaznamenaný štatisticky významný rozdiel (p > 0,05). Sestry s Mgr. stupňom vzdelania dosiahli najlepší výsledok v priemernom poradí mier EI v oboch metodikách. Záver: Zistené výsledky umožňujú upriamiť pozornosť na rozvoj EI u sestier prostredníctvom možností vzdelávacích inštitúcií. Môžeme podporovať zmeny, ktoré budú prispievať ku zvýšenej kvalite poskytovanej ošetrovateľskej starostlivosti. Využívanie EI je nutnou a zároveň modernou požiadavkou ošetrovateľstva., Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the level of emotional intelligence (EI) of nurses and to identify differences in the level of EI in relation to their age, length of work experience and education. Methods: The sample consisted of nurses (n = 280) providing care to patients in four hospitals in the Trnava Region. The mean age of the nurses was 39.64 years (SD = 9.44) and the length of their work experience was 18.7 years (SD = 10.64). The level of EI was measured using questionnaires representing current approaches to understanding of EI. Emotional intelligence as an ability was determined by the Situational Test of Emotional Understanding (SIT-EMO) questionnaire, yielding the overall emotional intelligence score given by the sum of the correct answers. EI as a feature, on the other hand, was assessed by the Schutte EI Scale (SEIS) in which the nurses expressed the extent to which they agree or disagree with each statement on a five-point Likert scale. To analyze the data, methods of descriptive statistics and inductive statistics were used. The data were processed using the SPSS 15.0 statistical software. Results: A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was found between the level of nurses’ EI level and their age. In terms of other social demographic data (length of work experience, education), a statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) was not found, although the nurses with a master’s degree ranked highest as for their mean level of EI, using both methods. Conclusion: The results enable to focus attention on the development of nurses’ EI through educational institutions. Changes may be encouraged that will contribute to an increase in the quality of nursing care provided. The use of EI is a necessary as well as modern requirement in nursing., Ingrid Juhásová, Ľubica Ilievová, František Baumgartner, and Literatura
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
56. Emočná inteligencia u študentov ošetrovateľstva a jej úloha v interakcii s geriatrickým pacientom
- Creator:
- Juhásová, Ingrid, Ilievová, Ľubica, Baumgartner, František, and Rojková, Zuzana
- Format:
- braille, electronic resource, remote, and elektronický zdroj
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, statistics, and TEXT
- Subject:
- lidé, emoční inteligence, studenti ošetřovatelství--psychologie--statistika a číselné údaje, vztah sestra-pacient, staří, geriatrické ošetřovatelství--pracovní síly--statistika a číselné údaje, statistika jako téma, průzkumy a dotazníky, mužské pohlaví, ženské pohlaví, and mladý dospělý
- Language:
- Czech, Slovak, and English
- Description:
- ABSTRAKT Cieľ: Zámerom štúdie bolo identifikovať štatisticky významné rozdiely v úrovni emočnej inteligencii (EI) u študentov ošetrovateľstva vzhľadom k demografi ckým údajom (vek, dĺžka štúdia) a zároveň zistiť či úroveň EI študentov ošetrovateľstva ovplyvňuje ich záujem o problematiku geriatrického ošetrovateľstva. Metódy: Výskumu sa zúčastnilo 86 univerzitných študentov denného bakalárskeho štúdia odboru ošetrovateľstvo. Na meranie úrovne EI boli využité dotazníky reprezentujúce rôzne chápania EI. Prostredníctvom SIT-EMO (Situational Test of Emotional Understanding) bola zisťovaná EI ako schopnosť. EI ako črta bola zisťovaná dotazníkom SEIS(Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale). Dotazníkom vlastnej konštrukcie ESE-GP (Emotional self-effi cacygeriatric patient) bola zisťovaná úroveň EI študentov v procese starostlivosti o geriatrických pacientov. Výsledky: Nezistili sme štatisticky významné rozdiely v úrovni EI študentov z hľadiska demografi ckých údajov (vek a ročník štúdia). Medzi úrovňou EI (SEIS)a perspektívnym záujmom študentov venovať sa geriatrickému ošetrovateľstvu bola zistená štatisticky významná súvislosť (p < 0,05). Závery: Zistené výsledky môžu uplatniť najmä inštitúcie poskytujúce ošetrovateľské vzdelávanie, ktorým odporúčame zamerať pozornosť na rozvoj EI v procese vzdelávania študentov ošetrovateľstva., Aim: The aim of the study was to identify statistically significant differences in levels of emotional intelligence (EI) of nursing students in relation with demographic data (age and year of study) and also determine whether the EI level of nursing students affects their interest in the issue of geriatric nursing. Methods: The sample consisted of 86 full-time undergraduate university students of nursing. To measure the level of EI, questionnaires representing diff erent understanding of EI were used. EI as an ability was determined by the SIT-EMO (Situational Test of Emotional Understanding). EI as a trait was evaluated by the questionnaire SEIS (Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale). The questionnaire of own construction ESE-GP (Emotional self-effi cacygeriatric patient) assessed the level of EI of students in the process of caring for geriatric patients. Results: There were no statistically signifi cant diff erences in the students’ level of EI in terms of demographic data (age and year of study). A statistically signifi cant association (p < 0.05) was found between the students’ level of EI (SEIS) and their promising interest to pursue geriatric nursing. Conclusion: The results can be applied in particular institutions providing nursing education, which can focus attention on the development of EI in the process of education of nursing students., Ingrid Juhásová, Ľubica Ilievová, František Baumgartner, Zuzana Rojková, and Literatura
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
57. Endogenous intoxication in inflammatory diseases of paranasal sinuses in patients with hemoblastosis
- Creator:
- Bakieva, Shakhlo
- Format:
- braille, electronic resource, remote, and elektronický zdroj
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, statistics, and TEXT
- Subject:
- leukemie--komplikace, sinus paranasales, nemoci vedlejších nosních dutin--etiologie--imunologie, nemoci nosu--etiologie--imunologie, endotoxémie--patofyziologie, výzkum, and lidé
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- According to our study, diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses were found in 59.4% of patients with acute and chronic leukemias. In chronic leukemia purulentinflammatory diseases had abortive clinical manifestation. In acute leukemia, especially during the induction of remission, purulentinflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses were associated with significant signs of purulent process. Inflammatory diseases of the paranasal sinuses are manifested by pronounced shift of hematological indices of intoxication that indicates increase of autointoxication, disturbance of adaptation mechanisms and transition of adaptivecompensatory immunological reactions in damaging ones., Shakhlo Bakieva, and Literatura
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
58. Euthanasie a etika
- Creator:
- Černý, David
- Format:
- braille, electronic resource, remote, and elektronický zdroj
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, statistics, historické články, and TEXT
- Subject:
- lidé, lékařská etika, eutanazie--dějiny--etika, eutanazie pasivní--etika, eutanazie aktivní--etika, dějiny lékařství, filosofie, and eutanazie aktivní dobrovolná
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Tento příspěvek je druhým příspěvkem v sérii článků zaměřených na vývoj etického pojetí eutanazie. Problém eutanazie řeší na pozadí slavné Rachelsovy publikace The End of Life. Rachels je autor zastávající novodobou koncepci utilitaristické morálky. Ve své publikaci The End of Life velmi podrobně probírá všechny důležité momenty filosofické a etické diskuse o eutanazii a vytyčuje tak kontury území, na němž se jak zastánci jeho závěrů, tak i jejich odpůrci, musí pohybovat. Hovoří o posvátnosti lidského života, rozebírá různé formy eutanazie, kriticky hodnotí některé důležité distinkce, široce a někdy nekriticky užívané v lékařské etice: rozdíl mezi usmrcením (killing) a ponecháním zemřít (letting die), mezi řádnými a mimořádnými léčebnými prostředky, mezi aktivní a pasivní eutanazií. Důležitým prvkem Rachelsovy reflexe je i diskuse o důležitosti úmyslu (intence) v etickém vyhodnocování lidských skutků., This contribution is the second of a series of articles devoted to the ethical evaluation of euthanasia. It discusses the problems of euthanasia on the background of Rachel´s famous book The End of Life. Rachels as an author is holding a modern concept of utilitarian morality. In his publication The End of Life he discusses in detail all the important moments of philosophical and ethical debate about euthanasia. In this way he also outlines the contours of the territory for his proponents as well as their opponents for recent discussion on euthanasia and end of life decisions. He talks about the problems of conception of the sanctity of human life, discusses the various forms of euthanasia, critically evaluates some important distinctions between terminology in medical ethics: the difference between killing (killing) and allowing to die (letting die), between ordinary and extraordinary means of treatment, the active and passive euthanasia. One of the most important element of Rachels´ reflection is also the importance of intention in the ethical evaluation of human acts., David Černý, and Literatura
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
59. Euthanasie a etika - Preferenční utilitarismus Petra Singera
- Creator:
- Černý, David
- Format:
- braille, electronic resource, remote, and elektronický zdroj
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, statistics, and TEXT
- Subject:
- lidé, eutanazie--etika, lékařská etika, filosofie, and Singerova etická teorie
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Tento příspěvek je první z řady článků věnovaných etického zhodnocení euthanasie. Pojednává o preferenčním utilitarismu Petera Singera a ukazuje, jakým způsobem se v rámci tohoto etického systému euthanasie ukazuje jako eticky oprávněná volba. Článek je rozdělený do dvou hlavních částí. V první části jsou předloženy základní principy utilitarismu a uvádí se důležité rozlišení mezi lidskými živočichy a osobami (založené na schopnosti vyšších kognitivních funkcí). Druhá hlavní část článku se podrobně věnuje vyjasnění základních forem euthanasie (vyžádaná, nevyžádaná, nedobrovolná) a argumentuje, že mezi pasivní a aktivní euthanasií neexistuje žádný morálně významný rozdíl. Článek končí konstatováním, že aktivní euthanasie je morálně lepší volbou než pasivní euthanasie., This contribution is the first of a series of articles devoted to the ethical evaluation of euthanasia. It discusses the preference utilitarianism of Peter Singer and shows that euthanasia can be a morally permissible choice. The article is divided into two main parts. In the first part the basic tenets of utilitarianism are set forth, the important distinction between human animals and persons is made (based on the capacity for higher cognitive functions). The second main part of the article is devoted in detail to the clarification of basic forms of euthanasia (voluntary, involuntary and non-voluntary), it is argued that there in no morally significant difference between passive and active euthanasia end, finally, the article concludes by noting that active euthanasia is morally more preferable then passive euthanasia., David Černý, and Literatura
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
60. Evaluation of the efficiency and tolerability of mono therapy with oral etoposide in elderly patients (70+ years of age) with advanced non small cell lung cancer and poor performance status
- Creator:
- Andrić, Zoran, Kovčin, Vladimir, Crevar, Slobodanka, Murtezani, Zafir, and Kostić, Sanja
- Format:
- braille, electronic resource, remote, and elektronický zdroj
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, statistics, and TEXT
- Subject:
- lidé, mužské pohlaví, staří, staří nad 80 let, ženské pohlaví, retrospektivní studie, výsledek terapie, etoposid--aplikace a dávkování--škodlivé účinky--terapeutické užití, inhibitory topoizomerázy II--aplikace a dávkování--škodlivé účinky--terapeutické užití, antitumorózní látky fytogenní--aplikace a dávkování--škodlivé účinky--terapeutické užití, aplikace orální, nemalobuněčný plicní karcinom--farmakoterapie, adenokarcinom--farmakoterapie, dlaždicobuněčný karcinom--farmakoterapie, nádory plic--farmakoterapie, progrese nemoci, staging nádorů, analýza přežití, Kaplanův-Meierův odhad, and statistika jako téma
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Motivation Until recently it was considered that 65 years is cutoff for defining patients as elderly, but newer reports indicate that this age limit shift to 70 years of age. Elderly patients with advanced non small cell lung cancer, associated comorbidities and poor performance status represent a specific population and a challenge for use of chemotherapy. Primary aim was to evaluate the impact of mono therapy with oral etoposide on overall survival in elderly patients (≥ 70 years of age) with advanced non small cell lung cancer and poor performance status (PS) ≥ 2 (clinical stage IIIb and IV ), and as well to evaluate tolerability of this therapy. Secondary aim was to evaluate response rate. Methods Retrospectively, medical records of 79 female and male patients with advanced non small cell lung cancer and poor performance status treated with oral etoposide (2x25 mg 20 days/10 days pause) in period from 2007 till 2010 were checked for relevant data. Data regarding demographics, performance status, overall survival, response rates and drug toxicity were collected. For statistical analysis we used Pearson chi-square test, T-test, Kaplan-Meier product limited method and Cox regression. Results Median overall survival (OS) was 31 weeks, in patients with PS 2 overall survival was 34 weeks, and in group with PS 3 was only 24 weeks. Partial response was registered in 20.2% of patients, stable disease in 41.85 % and disease progression in 38% of patients. Treatment was well tolerated, febrile neutropenia and toxic deaths were not registered. Toxic effects didn't have statistically significant influence on OS. Conclusion Oral etoposide used as mono therapy has been shown as moderate effective and very safe in treating elderly patients with advanced non small cell lung cancer and poor performance status so it represents a good therapy option for treating this specific population., Zoran Andrić, Vladimir Kovčin, Slobodanka Crevar, Zafir Murtezani, Sanja Kostić, and Literatura
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public