In this study, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was established to detect Toxoplasma gondii DNA in mice infected with T. gondii PRU strain. This LAMP assay was based on the sequence of highly repetitive B1 gene. The detection limit of T. gondii LAMP assay was 1 pg of T. gondii DNA, which was evaluated using 10-fold serially diluted DNA of cultured parasites. The LAMP assay was also highly specific for T. gondii and able to detect T. gondii DNA in urine of mice treated with dexamethasone at 90 day post infection (p.i.), although this assay could not detect the DNA in mice urine 2-6 days p.i. These results demonstrated that LAMP is effective for evaluation of therapy effectiveness for T. gondii infection. The established LAMP assay may represent a useful and practical tool for the routine diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation of human toxoplasmosis.
Urodynamické vyšetření v urologii je termín označující celou šíři testů, které společně mohou posloužit zhodnocení docela značného rozsahu urologických obtíží. Zahrnují celou skupinu individuálních vyšetření od prosté uroflowmetrie až po složitější cystometrii, elektromyografii a videourodynamické vyšetření. Cílem těchto vyšetření je odpovědět na specifické otázky týkající se schopností pacienta jímat a naopak zase vypuzovat moč. K důležitým principům urodynamiky, tak jak byly uvedeny Nittim, patří: 1. urodynamické vyšetření nepřispívá k diagnóze pokud neodráží obtíže uváděné pacientem; 2. neprokázání abnormality při vyšetření ještě neznamená, že neexistuje; 3. ne všechny zachycené abnormální nálezy jsou klinicky významné. K součástem dobré urodynamické praxe patří jasná indikace k vyšetření, precizní provedení a dokumentace, stejně jako přesná analýza a intepretace výsledků. Cílem urodynamického vyšetření je reprodukovat symptomy při současném objektivním měření fyziologie močového měchýře. V tomto článku popisujeme vlastní urodynamické vyšetření a jeho indikace., Urodynamic testing in urology is a term used to describe a wide array of tests that, when used together, can be useful in the evaluation of patients with a range of urologic complaints. Urodynamics consists of a group of individual tests ranging from simple uroflowmetry to complex cystometry, electromyography (EMG), and video urodynamics (fluoroscopy). The goal of urodynamics is to answer specific questions regarding the patient’s ability to store and eliminate urine. Important principles of urodynamics as noted by Nitti are: 1. urodynamics are not diagnostic unless they reproduce the patient’s presenting symptoms; 2. failure to identify an abnormality does not rule out its existence; and 3. not all abnormalities recorded are clinically significant. Elements of good urodynamic practice include a clear indication for the study, precise measurements and documentation, and accurate analysis and reporting of results. The goal of urodynamics is to reproduce symptoms while simultaneously taking objective measurements of bladder physiology. In this article we describe urodynamics procedure and indications., and Belsante M. J., Peterson A. C.
Karcinom prostaty, močového měchýře a ledviny patří k nejčastějším maligním onemocněním. Riziko všech těchto zhoubných nádorů narůstá s přibývajícím věkem. Ve stárnoucí populaci vyspělých zemí představuje uroonkologie závažný medicínský problém. Přehledný článek shrnuje současné poznatky o epidemiologii. diagnostice a léčbě těchto onemocněni s akcentem na šetrné postupy vhodné pro starší nemocné., Carcinomas of prostate, urinary bladder and kidney are common malignancies. Risk of these malignant tumors is increasing in the old age. Urooncological diseases represent serious problem in the aging population of advanced countries. The article gives an overview and short summary of recent opinions on epidemiology, diagnostic and treatment of these tumors especially in the older age., Ivan Kolombo, Pavel Beňo, Michal Toběrný, and Lit. 19
Endogenous regulators, such as angiotensin-II (AngII), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and urotensin-II (U-II) are released from various cell types and their plasma levels are elevated in several cardiovascular diseases. The present study evaluated a potential crosstalk between these systems by investigating if the myocardial effects of U-II are modulated by AngII or ET-1. Effects of U-II (10-8 , 10 -7 , 10 -6 M) were tested in rabbit papillary muscles in the absence and in the presence of losartan (selective AT1 receptor antagonist), PD-145065 ( nonselective ET-1 receptors antagonist), losartan plus PD-145065, AngII or ET-1. U-II promoted concentration-dependent negative inotropic and lusitropic effects that were abolished in all experimental conditions. Also, U-II increased resting muscle length up to 1.008±0.002 L/Lmax. Correcting it to its initial value resulted in a 19.5±3.5 % decrease of resting tension, indicating increased muscle distensibility. This effect on muscle length was completely abolished in the presence of losartan and significantly attenuated by PD-145065 or losartan plus PD-145065. This effect was increased in the presence of AngII, resulting in a 27.5±3.9 % decrease of resting tension, but was unaffected by the presence of ET-1. This study demonstrated an interaction of the U-II system with the AngII and ET-1 systems in terms of regulation of systolic and diastolic function., A. P. Fontes-Sousa ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is an inherited disorder of heme biosynthesis caused by partial ferrochelatase deficiency, resulting in protoporphyrin overproduction which is responsible for painful skin photosensitivity. Chronic liver disease is the most severe complication of EPP, requiring liver transplantation in some patients. Data from a
mouse model suggest that cytotoxic bile formation with high concentrations of bile salts and protoporphyrin may cause biliary fibrosis by damaging bile duct epithelium. In humans, cholestasis is a result of intracellular and canalicular precipitation of protoporphyrin. To limit liver damage two strategies may be considered: the first is to reduce protoporphyrin production and the second is to enhance protoporphyrin excretion. Bile salts are known to increase protoporphyrin excretion via the bile, while heme arginate is used to decrease the production of porphyrins in acute attacks of hepatic porphyrias. The Griseofulvin-induced protoporphyria mouse model has been used to study several aspects of human protoporphyria including the effects of bile salts. However,
the best EPP animal model is an ethylnitrosourea-induced point mutation with fully recessive transmission, named ferrochelatase deficiency (Fech
m1Pas). Here we investigate the effect of early ursodesoxycholic acid (UDCA) administration and heme-arginate injections on the ferrochelatase deficient EPP mouse model. In this model UDCA administration and heme-arginate injections do not improve the protoporphyric condition of
Fechm1Pas/Fechm1Pas mice.