Na sklonku loňského roku se možnosti léčby ovariálního karcinomu rozrostly o antiangiogenní léčbu. Evropská komise schválila rozšíření indikace bevacizumabu (Avastin®): „Avastin v kombinaci s karboplatinou a paklitaxelem je indikován k úvodní léčbě pokročilého (stadia III B, III C a IV dle FIGO) epitelového nádoru vaječníků, vejcovodů nebo primárního nádoru pobřišnice“. Bevacizumab je od roku 2005 indikován k léčbě metastatického kolorektálního karcinomu a od roku 2007 k léčbě metastatického karcinomu prsu a ledviny a rekurentního či metastatického nemalobuněčného plicního karcinomu., At the end of last year, the options of treatment for ovarian cancer expanded to include antiangiogenic therapy. The European Commission approved the use of bevacizumab (Avastin®) for a new indication: “Avastin in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel is indicated for the front-line treatment of advanced (FIGO stages III B, III C and IV) epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer.” Since 2005, bevacizumab has been indicated for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer and, since 2007, for the treatment of metastatic breast and kidney cancers and recurrent or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer., František Nový, and Literatura 9
Given a groupoid hG, ⋆i, and k ≥ 3, we say that G is antiassociative if an only if for all x1, x2, x3 ∈ G, (x1 ⋆ x2) ⋆ x3 and x1 ⋆ (x2 ⋆ x3) are never equal. Generalizing this, hG, ⋆i is k-antiassociative if and only if for all x1, x2, . . . , xk ∈ G, any two distinct expressions made by putting parentheses in x1 ⋆ x2 ⋆ x3 ⋆ . . . ⋆ xk are never equal. We prove that for every k ≥ 3, there exist finite groupoids that are k-antiassociative. We then generalize this, investigating when other pairs of groupoid terms can be made never equal.
The ability of biocontrol agents to overcome the immune defense of pests is a crucial issue. This is the first study of lysozyme activity as an inducible humoral component of the defense of Schistocerca gregaria, which depends on the recognition of the elicitor molecules of pathogens and not on epidermal wounding or a spiking effect. The level of lysozyme activity in fat body, haemocytes and haemolymph plasma of naïve and immunologically challenged 5th instar S. gregaria was evaluated using the zone of inhibition test against Micrococcus lysodeikticus. Various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as peptidoglycans (PGN) and lipopolysacchrides (LPS) of bacterial cell walls induce and increase in the level of lysozyme activity. Escherichia coli induced an increase in the level of activity of lysozyme in the fat body, haemocytes and plasma, but not in mid gut epithelium, 6–12 h after an immunological challenge and then it decreased to the constitutive level after 72 h. This study revealed that in S. gregaria there is a constitutive and a bacteria-inducible level of lysozyme activity, which protects it against infection by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria., Amr A. Mohamed ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The endothelin axis (endothelins and their receptors) is strongly involved in physiological and pathological processes. ET-1 plays a crucial role in particular in tumor diseases. Endothelin-1 receptors (ETA and ETB) are deregulated and overexpressed in several tumors such as melanoma and glioma. We studied the binding of 24 monoclonal antibodies directed against human ETB receptors (hETB) to different melanoma cell lines. Few of these mAbs bound to all the melanoma cell lines. One of them, rendomab B49, bound to ETB receptors expressed at the surface of human glioma stem cells. More recently, we produced new antibodies directed against human ETA receptor (hETA). Several antibodies have been isolated and have been screened on different tumoral cells lines. As for the mAbs directed against the hETB receptor only some of new antibodies directed against ETA receptor are capable to bind the human tumoral cell lines. Rendomab A63 directed against hETA is one of them. We report the specificity and binding properties of these mAbs and consider their potential use in diagnosis by an in vivo imaging approach., A. Herbet, N. Costa, N. Leventoux, A. Mabondzo, J.-Y. Couraud, A. Borrull, J.-P. Hugnot, D. Boquet., and Seznam literatury
Autor podává přehled nejzávažnějších symptomů deprese u seniorů a popisuje jednotlivé skupiny antidepresiv. Věnuje se specifickým požadavkům na léčbu antidepresivy u seniorů. Uvádí nejnovější poznatky o léčbě, interakcích a vedlejších účincích antidepresiv a z toho vyplývající vhodnost či nevhodnost té které skupiny pro léčbu seniorů., Vladimír Pidrman, and Lit.: 32
Antifosfolipidový syndrom (APS) je autoimunitně podmíněné onemocnění s celou řadou potenciálně život ohrožujících manifestací. Vyskytuje se samostatně v primární podobě nebo jako sekundární doprovázející řadu chorobných stavů (autoimunitní, nádorová onemocnění atd.). Diagnostická kritéria zahrnují jak klinickou, tak laboratorní složku. Mezi klinické manifestace patří výskyt trombóz arteriálních či žilních a dále komplikace v těhotenství. Laboratorně musí být opakovaně prokázána přítomnost antifosfolipidových protilátek v minimálním odstupu 12 týdnů. Klinická manifestace APS může být velmi pestrá a často vyžaduje multidisciplinární přístup. Obávanou, ale vzácnou komplikací je tzv. katastrofický APS spojený s vysokou morbiditou a mortalitou. Včasná diagnóza spolu s terapií výrazně ovlivňuje prognózu pacientů s APS. Klíčová slova: antifosfolipidový syndrom – systémový lupus erythematodes, Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by various potentially serious and life‑threatening manifestations. APS occurs in a primary form with no associated conditions, or in a secondary form associated with various other illnesses (autoimmune, neoplastic and others). APS is diagnosed according to clinical and laboratory criteria. It is characterized by recurrent arterial or venous thrombosis and/or pregnancy‑related complications and laboratory findings of antiphospholipid antibodies in a minimum time interval of 12 weeks between individual laboratory tests. Clinical manifestations of APS can vary and a multidisciplinary approach is needed. Catastrophic APS is a very serious and life‑threatening condition associated with high mortality and morbidity, although it is rare. An early diagnosis with proper therapy has a serious impact on the prognosis of patients with APS. Keywords: antiphospholipid syndrome – systemic lupus erythematosus, and Ciferská H.