Článek popisuje analogii mezi statistickou fyzikou skelných systémů a řešením složitých optimalizačních úloh. Příkladem zde je NP-úplný problém barvení grafů, který podrobně představíme. Diskutujeme chování skelných systémů spolu s modely, které se pro jeho popis používají. A konečně ukážeme, jak uvedená analogie vedla k hlubšímu pochopení a popisu struktury optimalizačních úloh a zejména k vývoji nových efektivních heuristických algoritmů., Lenka Zdeborová., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Article deals with stastical evaluation of aluminium surface quality created by means of abrasive waterjet. It was evaluated the influence of the factors on the surface quality in 1, 6 and 11 mm depth. According statistical evaluation of the surface quality by means of factor analysis, results that for the evaluation of the quality average roughness is insufficient. and V príspevku sa pojednáva o štatistickom hodnotení povrchu hliníka vytvoreného abrazívnym vodným prúdom. Bol vyhodnotený vplyv faktorov na kvalitu povrchu v hĺbke 1, 6 a 11 mm. Zo štatistického hodnotenia kvality povrchu pomocou faktorovej analýzy vyplynulo, že nestačí iba charakteristika parametra profilu drsnosti Ra.
In this paper we analyze the use of statistics and associated problems, in three Czech biological journals in the year 2000. We investigated 23 articles Folia Biologica, 60 articles in Folia Microbiologica, and 88 articles in Physiological Research. The highest frequency of publications with statistical content have used descriptive statistics and t-test. The most usual mistake concerns the absence of reference about the used statistical software and insufficient description of the data. We have compared our results with the results of similar studies in some other medical journals. The use of important statistical methods is comparable with those used in most medical journals, the proportion of articles, in which the applied method is described insufficiently is moderately low., T. Pilčík., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The study focuses in particular to the institutional development of Czechoslovak ethnography in the period between the end of the World War II and the year 1953. The establishing of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences in the years 1951/1952-1953 made an impact upon many scientific disciplines. Ethnography belonged to the 6th section, but for a long time it had been unclear how the State Institute for Folk Song, whose tradition reached to the year 1905, and the newly established Cabinet for Ethnography were to by connected. The present study tries to capture this effort for preserving the independent study of folklore, even though in close connection with ethnographic research, as well as the problem of the institutional embedding, that is, the gradual hiring of scientific workers, the composition of scientific committee and the editorial boards of important periodicals.