Polymorphic microsatellite loci were characterised for two louse species, the anopluran Polyplax serrata Burmeister, 1839, parasitising Eurasian field mice of the genus Apodemus Kaup, and the amblyceran Myrsidea nesomimi Palma et Price, 2010, found on mocking birds endemic to the Galápagos Islands. Evolutionary histories of the two parasites show complex patterns influenced both by their geographic distribution and through coevolution with their respective hosts, which renders them prospective evolutionary models. In P. serrata, 16 polymorphic loci were characterised and screened across 72 individuals from four European populations that belong to two sympatric mitochondrial lineages differing in their breadth of host-specificity. In M. nesomimi, 66 individuals from three island populations and two host species were genotyped for 15 polymorphic loci. The observed heterozygosity varied from 0.05 to 0.9 in P. serrata and from 0.0 to 0.96 in M. nesomimi. Deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were frequently observed in the populations of both parasites. Fst distances between tested populations correspond with previous phylogenetic data, suggesting the microsatellite loci are an informative resource for ecological and evolutionary studies of the two parasites., Jana Martinů, Veronika Roubová, Milena Nováková, Vincent S. Smith, Václav Hypša, Jan Štefka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Roztoči z čeledi Harpirhynchidae žijí parazitickým způsobem na těle u řady druhů ptáků. Zástupci rodu Harpirhynchus tvoří makroskopicky zřetelné kožní cysty lokalizované pod křídly. H. nidulans tvoří cysty u dlasků tlustozobých a H. dusbabeki u sýkořic vousatých. Identifikováno bylo několik dalších druhů a rodů u různých skupin ptáků a protože jsou tito parazité hostitelsky specifičtí, lze očekávat nálezy dalších dosud neznámých druhů. and Mites from the family Harpirhynchidae are permanent highly specialized skin-dwelling bird parasites. The representatives of the genus Harpirhynchus create macroscopic voluminous cutaneous cysts located mainly at the base of the wings. In various bird species and genera, some new species from the family studied have been identified. Because these parasites are host-specific, more hitherto unknown species are expected to be found.