This paper presents the historical background of the 20th-century technology of geopolymers in light of a literature research of the 15th to 19th centuries and offers a hypothesis on why this historical knowledge was forgotten when Portland cement appeared. The recapitulation of the different cementitious calcareous matters returns all the way to the Bible builders; Ancient Vitruvius Pollio’s work "Ten Books of Architecture". These books were not only read but practically proven in pre-Portland times and especially at the beginning of 19th century. The long-term stability of Roman mortars and constructions was studied from the perspective of the cementitious materials, and the cited literature demonstrates the historical evolution of calcareous cements, then the reasons for the interruption of progress and return to the historical experience in the 1980s., Tomáš Hanzlíček, Ivana Perná, Zdenek Ertl and Sean M. Miller., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The thermal resistance is one of the important behaviors of the construction and thermal insulating materials. This study describes foamed material made from fluidized bed ash (FBA) in combination with natural smectite having a filler function. The foaming effect was insured by addition of metallic aluminum to the FBA/smectite mixture. Highly calcareous FBA containing calcium oxide creates during slaking processes an alkali reaction and with aluminum develops foaming agent - hydrogen. Study of thermal resistance was a part of experiments directed on heat insulating materials and article presents test results of this life gardening material. Specific attention was focused on differences between the results of chemical analyses and the crystal phases identified by X-ray diffractions. The paper presents hypothesis of chained alumina-silicates acting as bonding agent confirmed by infra-red spectroscopy and assuring together with calcium sulfates high thermal resistance even under condition of direct flame attack., Tomáš Hanzlíček and Ivana Perná., and Obsahuje bibliografii