The number of children in shared custody has been growing slowly in the CR. Today shared custody presents about 8 % of divorce cases with dependent children decided by courts. Despite this trend, there is a lack of research on how shared custody is practiced and experienced by Czech parents. The aim of this paper is to partially fill this gap. In the paper I ask how shared custody is related to the disruption of traditional gender ideology and performance of paternal and maternal roles and gender inequalities between partners. The analysis is based on 13 in-depth interviews with couples (mothers and fathers separately) who have shared custody. The analysis indicated that even if shared custody may be considered to be a tool for disrupting gender stereotypes and gender inequality between parents, it proved to be associated both with the confirmation and disruption of gender stereotypes associated with fatherhood and motherhood. While certain aspects of the practices and culture of shared custody are associated with “undoing gender”(especially regarding fatherhood), in other aspects it enhances and reproduces the gender power inequality between ex-partners and traditional expectations associated with parental roles.
The number of children in shared custody has been growing slowly in the CR. Today shared custody presents about 8 % of divorce cases with dependent children decided by courts. Despite this trend, there is a lack of research on how shared custody is practiced and experienced by Czech parents. The aim of this paper is to partially fill this gap. In the paper I ask how shared custody is related to the disruption of traditional gender ideology and performance of paternal and maternal roles and gender inequalities between partners. The analysis is based on 13 in-depth interviews with couples (mothers and fathers separately) who have shared custody. The analysis indicated that even if shared custody may be considered to be a tool for disrupting gender stereotypes and gender inequality between parents, it proved to be associated both with the confirmation and disruption of gender stereotypes associated with fatherhood and motherhood. While certain aspects of the practices and culture of shared custody are associated with “undoing gender”(especially regarding fatherhood), in other aspects it enhances and reproduces the gender power inequality between ex-partners and traditional expectations associated with parental roles., Marta Vohlídalová., and Obsahuje použitou literaturu
This article seeks to contribute to the discussion about literary images of fatherhood in contemporary Czech and Polish prose. It focuses on analysing the specific literary spaces that have emerged alongside a new type of literary character, namely, ‘new fathers’, who give up their professional activities to stay home and look after babies. A comparative analysis of two novels - Petr Šabach’s Putování mořského koně (The Pilgrimage of a Sea Horse) and Marek Kochan’s Plac zabaw (The Playground) - presents the similarities in the structures of their literary space and in the way masculinity is contextualised in the space of the playground and the home. The article sets the analysis against the backdrop of social changes affecting parenting and fatherhood in Poland and the Czech Republic in recent decades., Marcin Filipowicz., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The article focuses on the concerns of Czech expectant parents and their subsequent life difficulties. A qualitative longitudinal methodology was used to study parental experiences for a period of around four years. Three waves of semi-structured interviews were conducted with sixteen dual-earner parental couples who had their first child in 2011 or 2012. An analysis of 93 interviews revealed that the fears of the parents-to-be principally concerned childcare, paid work, free time, the relationships, and health. Actual experience of difficulties in these areas was often mentioned by different respondents from those who had expected to have them. The theory of intensive motherhood was employed to underscore the heavy demands and responsibilities placed on contemporary parents and the difficulties that accompany the use of a child-centred approach. The heavy demands on childcare felt by mothers who adhered to the intensive mothering model were cited as causing difficulties in the everyday lives of parental couples; the fathers mainly complained of a lack of rest and quality time with their partners.
The article draws on empirical qualitative research to identify the various ways in which separated or divorced fathers in the Czech Republic relate to the norm of father-provider. It offers an analysis of the plurality of men's approaches to the traditional provider norm of fatherhood, and the changes that occur in their attitudes and approaches as a result of divorce. The results show that although for Czech men the 'provider' dimension is the strongest dimension in their notion of fatherhood even after marital separation, their understanding of what material support for the children means is transformed by the fact of separation. In the father's view, the child, along with the family, ceases to be a joint enterprise, and the child often becomes identified with the ex-wife. According to their notions and practices concerning child support, the men in this study can be divided into three groups: nurturing fathers who reject the provider/caregiver division and thus refuse to pay; helping fathers who consider their children to be primarily the ex-wife's responsibility, and thus only pay small amounts of money, and the fathers-providers who are willing to fully support their children, but only if this support is voluntary and under their control.
Fatherhood has experienced many transformations in the past years, as well as the institution of family and relationships between partners, parents and children. The social science discourse reflects those changes, but quite often through a prism of values and ideologies, and only rarely is gender neutral. This article presents today's discourses of fatherhood, their paradoxes and one way streets in which they sometimes end. Fathers today and especially those living in some of the ''new'' family arrangement (divorced fathers, step fathers, lone fathers...) find themselves in a situation where no clear cultural models or scenarios of behaviour exist. Public and scientific discourses of fatherhood are divided between the image of a ''new'' involved father on one side and of the ''feckless'' father on the other. Both images are often used and misused to political purposes, but don't really reflect the reality of contemporary fatherhood.
Rodiče předčasně narozených dětí vykazují ve srovnání s rodiči, jimž se narodilo dítě v termínu, vyšší míru stresu, vyšší potřebu pomoci během prvního roku po porodu, nižší schopnost adaptace, vysokou potřebu informací a lze u nich identifikovat také projevy posttraumatické stresové poruchy. To, jak se rodiče vyrovnávají s traumatem předčasného porodu, může ovlivnit přechod k rodičovství, přebírání rodičovských kompetencí, prospívání dítěte a samotný vztah k dítěti. Studie se zaměřuje na faktory, které mohou mít na utváření vztahu k dítěti vliv, tedy i na hledání možných způsobů prevence případných rizik. Vedle matek předčasně narozených dětí se zaměřuje také na otce, kterým je věnována samostatná kapitola. Krom jiného se ukazuje, že důležitou roli v utváření vztahu k dítěti hraje zdravotnický personál. Lepší povědomí o prožívání rodičů v tomto stresujícím období by mohlo vést k citlivějšímu přístupu k rodičům, saturaci jejich potřeb, a tím i předcházení některých obtíží ústících v opožďování nástupu rodičovské identity a narušený vztah k dítěti., Parents of premature born children show - in comparison with parents whose child was born in time limit - the higher level of stress, higher need for help during the first year after the birth, lower adaptation ability, high need for information, and also manifestations of post-traumatic stress disease can be identified in them. The way the parents cope with the trauma of premature birth can influence the transition to parenthood, taking over the parent competencies, prospering of the child, and the relation to child itself. The study focuses on factors that can influence the formation of parental relation to the child and thus also the looking for the possible ways of prevention of potential risks. Except of mothers of premature born children it focuses also on fathers whom is devoted a separated part of the study. It shows besides other things that the medical personnel play an important role in forming the relation to the child. The better awareness of parents’ experiencing in this stressing period could lead to more sensitive approach to parents, saturation of their needs and thus also prevention of some difficulties resulting in the delay of commencement of parental identity and disturbed relation to the child., Michaela Chlebounová, Ivo Čermák., and Obsahuje seznam literatury