To investigate the effect of glutamine-enriched total parenteral nutrition (TPM) on the protein synthesis and morphology of jejunal mucosa in non-hypercatabolic stress, sixty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to surgical stress by femoral fracture. The rats were divided into 3 groups and received TPM for 8 days. One group received a standard amino acid solution without glutamine, the second group a standard solution enriched with glycine and glutamic acid, and the third group a standard solution enriched with glycyl-glutamine. All regimens were isocaloric and isonitrogenous-nitrogen (2.2 g/kg.day), glucose (150 Kcal/kg.day), and lipids (150 Kcal/kg.day). There were no statistically significant differences in jejunal mucosal thickness, DMA content, protein content, fractional synthesis rate or absolute protein synthesis among the groups after eight days of parenteral nutrition. In conclusion, the addition of glutamine to TPM did not influence either protein metabolism or morphology of the jejunal mucosa in non-hypercatabolic surgical stress.
The purpose of this study was to elucidate the intestinal serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtypes involved in fluid transport in the pig jejunum in uioo. The fluid accumulating effect of intraluminally administered 5-HT, renzapride, methysergide, ketanserin, granisetron, citalopram and intravenous indomethacin, was tested in tied- off loops in uiuo. 5-HT caused a dose-dependent fluid accumulation, which was reduced by indomethacin by about 30 %. Renzapride, methysergide, ketanserin, granisetron and citalopram all caused fluid accumulation. Taking into account these fluid accumulating effects, renzapride, methysergide, ketanserin and granisetron reduced the fluid accumulating effect of 5-HT, giving a maximal reduction of 70, 46, 76, and 80 %, respectively. These data suggest the existence of intestinal 5-HT receptor subtypes involved in fluid transport in the pig jejunum. The antagonistic effects of indomethacin, ketanserin and granisetron, suggest the involvement of prostangladins, as well as the 5-HT2 and the 5-HT3 receptor subtypes in the fluid accumulating response of 5-HT.
Krvácení do trávicího traktu je jednou z náhlých příhod břišních, se kterou se setkáváme relativně často. Většina těchto příhod je v současné době řešitelná endoskopicky, urgentní chirurgickou revizi si žádají spíše výjimečně. Přibližně 5 % krvácení do GIT je skrytých v jejunoileální oblasti. Předložená kazuistika masivního krvácení z tenkého střeva přináší současný názor na diagnostiku a léčebné možnosti z pohledu každodenní klinické praxe službu konajících chirurgů. Klíčová slova: angiektázie – krvácení do tenkého střeva – krvácení do dolní části trávicího traktu – CT-angiografie, Gastrointestinal bleeding is one of acute abdomen conditions that occur relatively frequently. Most cases can nowadays be managed endoscopically, surgery is rarely required. Approximately 5% of gastrointestinal bleeding cases are cases of so-called obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. The presented massive gastrointestinal bleed case report provides a current view on diagnostic and therapeutic modalities in the context of everyday clinical practice. Key words: angiectasia – obscure gastrointestinal bleeding – lower gastrointestinal bleeding – CT-angiography, and J. Halamka, P. Chmátal