A total of 174 specimens of the spined loach Cobitis taenia Linnaeus, 1758, comprising 117 females, 45 males and 12 juveniles, from Lake Klawoj (Poland) were identified as C. taenia from their karyotype (2n = 48 chromosomes). The overall sex ratio (M:F = 1:2.6) showed that females dominated in the population, but this varied with increasing fish size. Age and growth were determined based on otolith measurements. Standard lengths were back- calculated from the regression of fish standard length on the otolith radius and the growth pattern was described using the von Bertalanffy model separately for males and females, which revealed a strong fit for both females (Lt =92.4(1– exp(–0.278 (t – 0.456)); r2 = 0.803) and males (Lt=120.6(1 – exp(– 0.227 (t – 0.558); r2= 0.772). Comparison of asymptotic length with maximum observed size of males and females revealed that all values were a bit overestimated (as per the Taylor criteria). The SL – weight equations for males (W = 0.0003 SL3.8377; r2 = 0.8961) and females (W = 0.0039 SL3.1683; r2 = 0.9616) indicated allometric growth in both sexes, though more so in males than in females.
A comparison was made between the absolute and actual fecundity of C. taenia and allotriploid Cobitis females from a diploid-polyploid population inhabiting the Bug River, of Vistula R iver basin in Poland. All specimens were measured, weighed and aged. The absolute fecundity was determined by a gravimetric method using 29 ovaries (three of C. taenia, 25 of triploids and one of tetraploid). The actual fecundity was estimated according to the method adopted by Halačka et al. (2000) and used five ovaries of C. taenia and 40 of Cobitis triploids. Absolute fecundity of C. taenia under analysis ranged from 1 819 to 3 302 eggs and equaled 2 487 on average. It was significantly lower than absolute fecundity of an exclusively diploid population in Klawój Lake described previously (Juchno & Boroń 2006a). Absolute fecundity of triploid females ranged from 285 to 3 710, with an average of 1 577 eggs, whereas the fecundity of tetraploid Cobitis female was low, with only 882 eggs. The highest actual fecundity of C. taenia as well as of triploids was observed after they laid their first batch of eggs.
The karyotype of bream Abramis brama was analysed by means of C-banding, replication banding, DAPI fluorescent staining and in situ hybridisation with 18S rDNA and telomeric probes. The use of the in vivo 5-bromodeoxyuridine incorporation technique enabled the induction of replication bands of the RBA type in the karyotype. C-bands corresponded to late replicated chromosome regions. 18S rDNA clusters were found on one chromosome pair. Telomeric sequences were observed only on ends of chromatids. The karyotype morphology and NOR phenotype of A. brama are very similar to those found in other species of the leuciscine cyprinids karyotyped so far.
The variability of morphological characters was studied in a population of spined loach from Klawój Lake karyologically identified as a pure diploid C. taenia (2n = 48). 24 metric features were used to calculate correlation coefficients and linear regressions to determine the relationships between metric features with total length. As regards 11 meristic features, females had more lateral and predorsal spots than males. Statistically significant differences between males and females were also found in mean values of 15 metric indices. Age variability in the shape of the lamina circularis of males was revealed.