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Start Over Creator Hill, M. Rights http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

1. 7 - Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone - a Natural Antiglucocorticoid and a Candidate for Steroid Replacement Therapy?

Creator:
Hampl, R., Lapčík, O., Hill, M., Klak, J. , Kasal, A., Nováček, A. , Šterzl, I., Šterzl, J., and Stárka, L.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Dehydroepiandrosterone, 7-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone, Antiglucocorticoid, Immunoprotection, and Hormone replacement
Language:
English
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

2. Analysis of Relation s Between Serum Levels of Epitestosterone, Estradiol, Testosterone, IGF -1 and Prostatic Specific Antigen in Men Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Carcinoma of the Prostate

Creator:
Hill, M., Bílek, R., Šafařík, L., and Stárka, l.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Epitestosterone, Prostatic specific antigen, Insulin-like growth factor, Estradiol, Prostate, and Carcinoma
Language:
English
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

3. Anti-GAD-Positive Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Have Higher Prevalence of Autoimmune Thyroiditis than Anti-GAD-Negative Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Creator:
Bárová, H., Perušicová, J., Hill, M., Šterzl, I., Vondra, K., and Mašek, Z.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Diabetes mellitus, Thyroid antibody, Autoimmune thyroiditis, and Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody
Language:
English
Description:
The aim of our study was to evaluate antibodies against thyroglobulin (anti-TG) and thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) – markers of autoimmune thyroiditis – in several groups of adult patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). We were particularly interested whether the presence of thyroid antibodies is related to the positivity of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (anti-GAD). We found elevated anti-GAD in 46 % (97/210) patients with type 1 DM. All patients with type 2 diabetes were anti-GAD-negative. At least one thyroid antibody (anti-TG and/or anti-TPO) was found in 30 % (62/210) patients with type 1 DM and 27 % (22/83) type 2 diabetes patients. The patients with type 1 DM were further grouped according to their anti-GAD status. The anti-GAD-positive patients had a higher prevalence of anti-TG antibodies than the anti-GAD-negative patients (25 % vs. 12 %, p=0.03) as well as anti-TPO antibodies (32 % vs. 12 %, p<0.001). At least one thyroid antibody was detected in 39 % (38/97) of anti-GAD-positive but only in 21 % (24/113) of anti-GAD-negative patients with type 1 DM (p=0.006). No significant difference in the frequency of thyroid antibodies was found between anti-GAD-negative patients with type 1 and type 2 DM (21 % vs. 27 %, p=0.4). The groups with or without thyroid antibodies in both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients did not differ in actual age, the age at diabetes onset, duration of diabetes, body mass index or HbA1c level. Patients with elevated thyroid antibodies had significantly higher levels of TSH than those without thyroid antibodies (1.86 vs. 3.22 mIU/l, p=0.04 in type 1 DM; 2.06 vs. 4.89 mIU/l, p=0.003 in type 2 DM). We conclude that there is a higher frequency of thyroid-specific antibodies in anti-GAD-positive adult patients with type 1 DM than in anti-GAD-negative patients or in patients with type 2 DM. Patients with or without thyroid antibodies do not differ in age, DM onset and duration, BMI or HbA1c. Thyroid antibodies-positive patients have higher levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).
Rights:
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4. Changes of plasma obestatin, ghrelin and NPY in anorexia dn bulimia nervosa patients before and after a high-carbohydrate breakfast

Creator:
Dana Sedláčková, Jana Kopečková, Hana Papežová, Vybíral, S., Hana Kvasničková, Hill, M., and Jara Nedvídková
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, mentální anorexie, mentální bulimie, anorexia nervosa, mental bulimia, ghrelin, obestatin, NPY, hyhg-carbohydrate breakfast, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Peptides ghrelin, obestatin and neuropeptide Y (NPY) play an important role in regulation of energy homeostasis, the imbalance of which is associated with eating disorders anorexia (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). The changes in ghrelin, obestatin and NPY plasma levels were investigated in AN and BN patients after administration of a high-carbohydrate breakfast (1604 kJ). Eight AN women (aged 25.4±1.9; BMI: 15.8±0.5), thirteen BN women (aged 22.0±1.05; BMI: 20.1±0.41) and eleven healthy women (aged 25.1±1.16; BMI: 20. 9±0.40) were recruited for the study. We demonstrated increased fasting ghrelin in AN, but not in BN patients, while fasting obestatin and NPY were increased in both AN and BN patients compared to the controls. Administration of high-carbohydrate breakfast induced a similar relative decrease in ghrelin and obestatin plasma levels in all groups, while NPY remained increa sed in postprandial period in both patient groups. Ghrelin/obestatin ratio was lower in AN and BN compared to the controls. In conclusions, increased plasma levels of fasting NPY and its unchanged levels after breakfast indicate that NPY is an important marker of eating disorders AN and BN. Different fasting ghrelin and obestatin levels in AN and BN could demonstrate their diverse functions in appetite and eating suppression., D. Sedláčková ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
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5. Chronic cigarette smoking alters circulating sex hormones and neuroactive steroids in premenopausal women

Creator:
Michaela Dušková, Kateřina Šimůnková, Hill, M., Velíková, M., Kubátová, J., Lyudmila Kantcheva, Hana Kazihnitková, Hruškovičová, H., Pospíšilová, H., Rácz, B., Salátová, M., Veronika Cirmanová, Eva Králíková, Luboslav Stárka, and Antonín Pařízek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, smoking, menstrual cycle, luteal phase, follicular phase, sex hormones, neuroactive steroids, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
a1_Chronic smoking alters the circulating levels of sex hormones and possibly also the neuroactive steroids. However, the data available is limited. Therefore, a broad spectrum of free and conjugated steroids and related substances was quantified by GC-MS and RIA in premenopausal smokers and in age-matched (38.9±7.3 years of age) non-smokers in the follicular (FP) and luteal phases (LP) of menstrual cycle (10 non-smokers and 10 smokers, in the FP, and 10 non-smokers and 8 smokers in the LP). Smokers in both phases of the menstrual cycle showed higher levels of conjugated 17-hydroxypregnenolone, 5α-dihydroprogesterone, conjugated isopregnanolone, conjugated 5α-pregnane-3β,20α-diol, conjugated androstenediol, androstenedione, testosterone, free testosterone, conjugated 5α-androstane-3α/β,17β-diols, and higher free testosterone index. In the FP, the smokers exhibited higher levels of conjugated pregnenolone, progesterone, conjugated pregnanolone, lutropin, and a higher lutropin/follitropin ratio, but lower levels of cortisol, allopregnanolone, and pregnanolone. In the LP, the smokers exhibited higher levels of free and conjugated 20α-dihydropregnenolone, free and conjugated dehydroepiandrosterone, free androstenediol, 5α-dihydrotestosterone, free and conjugated androsterone, free and conjugated epiandrosterone, free and conjugated etiocholanolone, 7α/β-hydroxy-dehydroepiandrosterone isomers, and follitropin but lower levels of estradiol and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and lower values of the lutropin/follitropin ratio. In conclusion, chronic cigarette smoking augments serum androgens and their 5α/β-reduced metabolites (including GABAergic substances) but suppresses the levels of estradiol in the LP and SHBG and may induce hyperandrogenism in female smokers., a2_The female smokers had pronouncedly increased serum progestogens but paradoxically suppressed levels of their GABA-ergic metabolites. Further investigation is needed concerning these effects., M. Dušková ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
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6. Circulating Neuroactive C21- and C19-Steroids in Young Men Before and After Ejaculation

Creator:
Stárka, L., Hill, M., Havlíková, H., Kancheva, L., and Sobotka, V.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Allopregnanolone, Ejaculation, 17a-hydroxypregnenolone, Neuroactive steroids, and Testosterone
Language:
English
Description:
Twelve neuroactive and neuroprotective steroids, androgens and androgen precursors i.e. 3a,17b-dihydroxy-5a-androstane, 3a-hydroxy-5a-androstan-17-one, 3a-hydroxy-5b-androstan-17-one, androst-5-ene-3b,17b-diol, 3b,17a-dihydroxy-pregn-5-en-20-one (17a-hydroxy-pregnenolone), 3b-hydroxy-androst-5-en-17-one (dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA), testosterone, androst-4-ene-3,17-dione (androstenedione), 3a-hydroxy-5a-pregnan-20-one (allopregnanolone), 3b-hydroxy-pregn-5-en-20-one (pregnenolone), 7a-hydroxy-DHEA, and 7b-hydroxy-DHEA were measured using the GC-MS system in young men before and after ejaculation provoked by masturbation. The circulating level of 17a-hydroxypregnenolone increased significantly, whereas the levels of other circulating steroids did not change at all. This fact speaks against the hypothesis that a decrease in the level of neuroactive steroids, e.g. allopregnanolone, may trigger the orgasm-related increase of oxytocin as it was reported by other authors.
Rights:
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7. Decrease in serum dehydroepiandrosterone level after fenofibrate treatment in males with hyperlipidemia

Creator:
Šulcová, J., Štulc, T., Hill, M., Hampl, R., Mašek, Z., Vondra, K., and Češka, R.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Dehydroepiandrosterone, Estradiol, Fenofibrate, hyperlipidemia, and SHBG
Language:
English
Description:
The influence of steroid hormones on plasma lipids and lipoproteins was confirmed by many studies. On the other hand, the effect of plasma lipids on metabolism of steroid hormones has so far not been examined. The objective of this research project was to determine (1) the levels of cortisol, testosterone, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), its sulfate (DHEAS), 7-hydroxylated DHEA, and SHBG in men suffering from mixed hyperlipidemia (HPL) (n=23, age 46.1±7.9 years) in comparison with healthy male volunteers (n=17, age 45.1±15.6 years); (2) whether therapy with fenofibrate influences the levels of the above mentioned steroids and SHBG; (3) what are the correlations between lipids and steroids in healthy males and HPL patients before and after therapy. Compared to controls, untreated patients had significantly higher estradiol and free testosterone index (IFT) levels (p<0.0003 and p<0.02, respectively) and significantly lower SHBG (p<0.02). Due to fenofibrate therapy, a significant decrease of TC, TG, and DHEA levels occurred (mean decrease: 14 %, 52 % and 21 %, respectively). Triglycerides correlated negatively with testosterone and SHBG in healthy subjects. HDL-C correlated positively and consequently, atherogenic index correlated negatively with 7-hydroxylated epimers of DHEAin treated patients. This is the first study dealing with the influence of fenofibrate administration on the steroid levels. Taking together, the most important is the finding of decrease DHEA levels after fenofibrate therapy. It could be explained, at least in part, by the effect of the fenofibrateon on the biosynthesis of DHEA and its regulation.
Rights:
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8. Determination of homocysteine in cerebrospinal fluid as an indicator for surgery treatment in patients with hydrocephalus

Creator:
Sosvorová, L., Bešťák, J, Marie Bičíková, Milan Mohapl, Hill, M., Kubátová, J., and Richard Hampl
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, homocystein, mozkomíšní mok, hydrocefalus, homocysteine, cerebrospinal fluid, hydrocephalus, shunt, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Increased homocysteine levels in serum are typical features of neurodegenerative brain diseases including hydrocephalus. The most frequent therapeutic approach consists of the insertion of a shunt, connecting the brain ventricles to an alternative drainage site. To decide whether the patient should undergo this, the lumbar drainage test is usually carried out to distinguish patients who can benefit from the shunt insertion. In searching for other potential biochemical markers for shunt indication we determined homocysteine levels in CSF during the lumbar drainage test. Homocysteine in CSF was measured during the 5-day lumbar drainage test in 27 patients with normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and in 25 patients with excluded hydrocephalus. A novelized gas chromatography method with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was developed and evaluated. During the first two days of lumbar drainage, the levels of CSF homocysteine in NPH patients were significantly higher compared to the controls, while on the fifth day, the homocysteine levels in patients with hydrocephalus reached the level of controls. Determination of CSF homocysteine in patients with confirmed or suspected hydrocephalus may serve as an independent marker for deciding on their further treatment strategy., L. Sosvorová, J. Bešťák, M. Bičíková, M. Mohapl, M. Hill, J. Kubárová, R. Hampl., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
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9. Effect of acute hyperinsulinemia on brain metabolism evaluated by 1H MR spectroscopy - a pilot study

Creator:
Simona Kratochvílová, Antonín Škoch, Monika Dezortová, Švehlíková, E., Hill, M., Jana Brunová, Milan Hájek, and Terezie Pelikánová
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, hyperinzulinémie, magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie, diabetes mellitus, hyperinsulinism, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, brain glucose metabolism, hyperinsulinemic clamp, type 1 diabetes, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
To determine whether acutely-induced supraphysiological hyperinsulinemia influences brain metabolism in patients with type 1 diabetes (D) and healthy controls (C) as detected by MR Spectroscopy. Group D consisted of 4 patients with the average duration of diabetes for 7 years. They were matched according to age, sex and BMI to 4 healthy controls. 1H MR Spectroscopy was performed with a 1.5 Tesla. Spectra were obtained from parietooccipital white matter repeatedly during a 3-h hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp with 2 mU.kg-1.min-1. In group D, significantly lower basal concentrations of N-acetylaspartate (p=0.02), choline (p=0.03), creatine (p=0.002) and inositol (p=0.007) were detected compared to C. After the induction of hyperinsulinemia, concentrations of choline, creatine, GABA, inositol, lactate, NAA and composite signal glutamate + glutamine (Glx) stayed stable. The detection of glucose signal is less realiable at 1.5 Tesla but we registered the alteration in glucose concentration (p=0.003) in the whole group. Originally sightly elevated glucose concentration in D decreased on the contrary to the increase of originally lower glucose level in C. In conclusions, brain metabolism was altered in D. Short term supraphysiological euglycemic hyperinsulinemia induced changes in the concentration of brain glucose in both C and D., S. Kratochvílová, A. Škoch, M. Dezortová, E. Švehlíková, M. Hill, J. Brunová, M. Hájek, T. Pelikánová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
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10. Effects of smoking cessation on hormonal levels in men

Creator:
Hruškovičová, H., Michaela Dušková, Kateřina Šimůnková, Hill, M., Pospíšilová, H., Rácz, B., Eva Králíková, Karel Vondra, and Luboslav Stárka
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, steroids, smoking cessation, prediction, body mass index, sex hormone-binding globulin, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Chronic smoking can cause imbalance in endocrine homeostasis and impairment of fertility in both sexes. The male reproductive system is more resilient, still the literature provides conflicting results about the influence of smoking on the steroid hormone levels. The data about smoking cessation are limited; there has not yet been a study primarily focused on changes in steroids levels. In our study, we analyzed levels of testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), cortisol and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in male smokers and during smoking cessation. Monitored analytes were determined by RIA. The free testosterone index was calculated. Basal samples of men successful and unsuccessful in smoking cessation did not differ and monitored hormones could hardly predict success of smoking cessation. After one year without smoking, a significant BMI increase and SHBG decrease in former smokers was observed. The decrease in total testosterone was non-significant. Changes in SHBG and testosterone did not correlate with BMI, presumably due to the direct effect of smoking cessation., H. Hruškovičová, ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public