Search

Start Over Creator Kopecký, Jan

12. Susceptibility of IFN-γ or IL-12 knock-out and SCID mice to infection with two microsporidian species, Encephalitozoon cuniculi and E. intestinalis

Creator:
Salát, Jiří, Sak, Bohumil, Le, Thuy, and Kopecký, Jan
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Microsporidia, Encephalitozoon intestinalis, Encephalitozoon cuniculi, IFN-γ knock-out, IL-12 knock-out, and SCID mice
Language:
English
Description:
Susceptibility of three strains of immunodeficient mice to two related microsporidian species Encephalitozoon cuniculi Levaditi, Nicolau et Schoen, 1923 and Encephalitozoon intestinalis (Cali, Kotler et Orenstein, 1993) was compared. While both, severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) and interferon-gamma knock-out (IFN-γ KO) mice, succumbed to either intraperitoneal (i.p.) or peroral (p.o.) (natural) infection with both parasites, only i.p. infection with E. cuniculi killed interleukin-12 knock-out (IL-12 KO) mice. IFN-γ KO mice died earlier than SCID mice. Adoptive transfer of naive splenocytes from IFN-γ KO mice did not protect the SCID mice from a lethal infection with either of the Encephalitozoon species. However, reconstituted mice survived significantly longer (P<0.05), thus indicating the role of IFN-γ produced by host NK cells in the development of mechanisms of anti-microsporidial protective immunity. Non-lethal outcome of the infection always correlated with the increase in CD8+ T lymphocyte subpopulation. Both E. intestinalis-infected IFN-γ KO and IL-12 KO mice produced comparable levels of specific antibodies, suggesting that antibodies did not protect IFN-γ KO mice from lethal infection.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

13. Tick salivary gland extract-activated transmission of Borrelia afzelii spirochaetes

Creator:
Pechová, Jitka , Štěpánová, Gabriela, Kovář, Lubomír, and Kopecký, Jan
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Ixodes ricinus, salivary gland extract, Borrelia afzelii, and transmission
Language:
English
Description:
Saliva-activated transmission of Borrelia afzelii Canica, Nato, du Merle, Mazie, Baranton et Postic, 1993 was demonstrated using salivary gland extract (SGE) from Ixodes ricinus (L., 1758) ticks and C3H mice. Injection of Borrelia spirochaetes together with SGE increased the level of bacteraemia and accelerated the appearance of bacteria in the urinary bladder, compared with the injection of spirochaetes alone. More I. ricinus nymphs became infected when feeding on mice inoculated with B. afzelii plus SGE. Analysis of cytokines produced by cells of draining lymph nodes from SGE-treated mice showed a suppression of proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, IL-6 and GM-CSF following a transient upregulation in comparison with the control mice infected without SGE.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

14. Two ways of experimental infection of Ixodes ricinus ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) with spirochetes of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex

Creator:
Fišerová, Lenka, Černá, Kateřina, Horká, Helena, and Kopecký, Jan
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, Borrelia garinii, Borrelia afzelii, tick, and Ixodes ricinus
Language:
English
Description:
A previously reported procedure for the introduction of Borrelia spirochetes into tick larvae by immersion in a suspension of spirochetes was tested on Ixodes ricinus (L.) ticks and three of the most medically important European Borrelia genomic species, B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. garinii and B. afzelii. The procedure was compared with ''classical'' infection of nymphs by feeding on infected mice. Both methods yielded comparable results (infection rate 44-65%) with the exception of B. afzelii, which produced better results using the immersion method (44%) compared with feeding on infected mice (16%). Nymphs infected by the immersion method at the larval stage were able to transmit the infection to naïve mice as shown by serology and PCR detection of spirochetal DNA in organs. The immersion method is faster than feeding on infected mice and provides more reproducible conditions for infection. It can be exploited for studies on both pathogen transmission and Borrelia-vector interactions.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public