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13222. Calculation of spin-orbital resonance effects in lunar motion by the method of numerical integration
- Creator:
- Krasinsky, G. A.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- theoretical astronomy, lunar motion, and spin-orbital resonance
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- For the aims of numerical integration a simplified method to model lunar resonance spin-orbital interaction is developed. In the method orbital equations are integrated separately from rotational ones, but no fictions secular perturbations in. the longitude or node arise.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
13223. Calculations of graded ill-known sets
- Creator:
- Inuiguchi, Masahiro
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- ill-known set, lower approximation, and upper approximation
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- To represent a set whose members are known partially, the graded ill-known set is proposed. In this paper, we investigate calculations of function values of graded ill-known sets. Because a graded ill-known set is characterized by a possibility distribution in the power set, the calculations of function values of graded ill-known sets are based on the extension principle but generally complex. To reduce the complexity, lower and upper approximations of a given graded ill-known set are used at the expense of precision. We give a necessary and sufficient condition that lower and upper approximations of function values of graded ill-known sets are obtained as function values of lower and upper approximations of graded ill-known sets.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
13224. Caldenal - ohrožené lesní společenstvo střední Argentiny
- Creator:
- Řepka, Radomír, Svátek, Martin, and Matula, Radim
- Type:
- article and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Caldenal tvoří společenstva semiaridních lesů subtropického až mírného pásu střední Argentiny s dominantním druhem Prosopis caldenia. Od počátku 20. stol. byla značně exploatována kácením a využívána pro pastvu dobytka. Oheň, který zde byl přirozeným a nyní je i umělým činitelem, zásadně ovlivňuje obnovu caldenalu. Článek přináší základní údaje o tomto společenstvu a vlivu pastvy i ohně na jeho strukturu a biodiverzitu. and Caldenal is a semi-arid forest ecosystem in subtropical and temperate regions of Central Argentina, dominated by Prosopis caldenia. Since the beginning of the 20th century, Caldenal has been affected by wood harvesting and livestock grazing. Fires, both accidental and intentional, have played a key role in Caldenal regeneration. This paper describes the characteristics of these forests and addresses the effect of grazing and fire on their structure and biodiversity.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
13225. Calder A.A. 1998: Coleoptera: Elateroidea
- Creator:
- Bocák, L.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
13226. Caldwell. M.M., Pearcy, R.W. (ed ); Exploitation of environmental heterogeneity by plants
- Creator:
- Šesták, Z.
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
13227. Calibrated IUE LWR low resolution spectra of G-type stars
- Creator:
- Malagnini, M. L., Morossi, C., Rossi, L., and Valente, T.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- astronomy and G-type stars
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- We present here an example of the main features of the Atlas of calibrated IUE LWR low resolution spectra of on-supergiant G-type stars whose preparation is now in progress. The source of references for the relevant astrophysical data is the Set of Identifications, Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data (SIMBAD) available through the C. D. S. (Strasbourg, France).
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
13228. Calibrating electromagnetic short soil water sensors
- Creator:
- Loiskandl, Willibald, Buchan, Graeme D., Sokol, Wolfgang, Novak, Viliam, and Himmelbauer, Margarita
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- soil moisture probes, electromagnetic probes, TDR, calibration, snímače vlhkosti pôdy, elektromagnetické snímače, and kalibrácia
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- The use of electromagnetic (EM) soil moisture probes is proliferating rapidly, in two broad domains: in field and laboratory research; and in strongly practical applications such as irrigation scheduling in farms or horticultural enterprises, and hydrological monitoring. Numerous commercial EM probes are available for measurement of volumetric water content (θv), spanning a range of measurement principles, and of probe dimensions and sensing volumes. However probe calibration (i.e. the relationship of actual θv to probe electrical output) can shift, often substantially, with variations in parameters such as soil texture, organic matter content, wetness range, electrical conductivity and temperature. Hence a single-valued, manufacturer-supplied calibration function is often inadequate, forcing the user to seek an application-specific calibration. The purpose of this paper is to describe systematic procedures which probe users can use to check or re-determine the calibration of their selected probe(s). Given the wide diversity of operating principles and designs of commercially-available EM probes, we illustrate these procedures with results from our own calibrations of five different short probes (length of 5 to 20 cm). Users are strongly recommended to undertake such calibration checks, which provide both a) pre-use experience, and b) more reliable in-use data. and Používanie elektromagnetických (EM) snímačov vlhkosti pôdy sa rýchlo rozširuje tak v terénnom výskume, ako aj v laboratóriu. Sú používané v praktických aplikáciách ako je riadenie závlah na farmách a záhradách, ako aj v hydrologickom monitoringu. Pre meranie vlhkosti pôdy (θv) sú dostupné početné typy komerčných EM snímačov, založených na viacerých princípoch merania a snímače majú rozdielnu veľkosť snímaných objemov pôdy. Kalibračné krivky takýchto snímačov (t.j. závislosti medzi reálnou vlhkosťou pôdy θv a elektrickým výstupom snímača) sa môžu posúvať - niekedy podstatne - a to v závislosti od rozdielnych parametrov pôdy, ako je jej textúra, obsah organických látok, rozsah vlhkostí, elektrická vodivosť a teplota. Z toho vyplýva, že jednoznačná kalibračná krivka, dodávaná výrobcom je často neadekvátna, čo núti užívateľa snímač kalibrovať v špecifických podmienkach. Cieľom tohto príspevku je opísať procedúry, ktoré môžu byť použité užívateľmi pri rekalibrácii vybraných typov snímačov. Berúc do úvahy širokú paletu princípov EM snímačov, ilustrujeme tieto procedúry výsledkami vlastných kalibračných testov na piatich typoch krátkych snímačov (dĺžka od 5 do 20 cm). Užívateľom odporúčame rekalibráciu komerčných snímačov, ktorými získajú predbežné skúsenosti a spoľahlivejšie výsledky pri meraní vlhkosti pôdy.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
13229. Calibration of an Arduino-based low-cost capacitive soil moisture sensor for smart agriculture
- Creator:
- Kulmány, István Mihály, Bede-Fazekas, Ákos, Beslin, Ana, Giczi, Zsolt, Milics, Gábor, Kovács, Barna, Kovács, Márk, Ambrus, Bálint, Bede, László, and Vona, Viktória
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- IoT, precision agriculture, low-cost capacitive soil moisture sensor, thermo-gravimetric method, repeatability and reproducibility study, and non-linear regression
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- Agriculture faces several challenges to use the available resources in a more environmentally sustainable manner. One of the most significant is to develop sustainable water management. The modern Internet of Things (IoT) techniques with real-time data collection and visualisation can play an important role in monitoring the readily available moisture in the soil. An automated Arduino-based low-cost capacitive soil moisture sensor has been calibrated and developed for data acquisition. A sensor- and soil-specific calibration was performed for the soil moisture sensors (SKU:SEN0193 - DFROBOT, Shanghai, China). A Repeatability and Reproducibility study was conducted by range of mean methods on clay loam, sandy loam and silt loam soil textures. The calibration process was based on the data provided by the capacitive sensors and the continuously and parallelly measured soil moisture content by the thermo-gravimetric method. It can be stated that the response of the sensors to changes in soil moisture differs from each other, which was also greatly influenced by different soil textures. Therefore, the calibration according to soil texture was required to ensure adequate measurement accuracy. After the calibration, it was found that a polynomial calibration function (R2 ≥ 0.89) was the most appropriate way for modelling the behaviour of the sensors at different soil textures.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
13230. Calibration of Doppler receivers
- Creator:
- Bányai, László
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- satellite Doppler observations, Doppler receivers, and calibration
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Geodetic and geodynamic applications of satellite Doppler observations require a proper knowledge of receiver parameters corresponding to avilable reduction software. In this paper different methods used for calibration of Doppler receivers are summarized. One of them based on GEODOP-III program and broadcast ephemeris is presented and checked by test computations.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public